[When HIV gets into the brain]. / Lorsque le VIH atteint le système nerveux central.

Besides opportunistic infections, direct or indirect HIV-mediated lesions of cerebral vascular or neural cells can also occur during the natural course of HIV infection. The main non-infectious complications of HIV are cerebral lymphomas, cerebrovascular disorders, HIV dementia and myelitis.

[Neuroborreliosis]. / La neuroborréliose: quand la tique a piqué.

Borrelia burgdorferi infection is a frequent disease in our country. The neurological complications of this infection are found essentially in the early dissemination stage and in the late stage of the disease. Neuroborreliosis symptoms are most often characterized by radiculalgia resisting to treatment, sometimes associated to a cranial neuropathy, predominantly facial. The evolution is satisfactory under adapted antibiotherapy. This antiobiotherapy remains necessary despite the fact that most neuroborreliosis complications resolve spontaneously. Treatment permits to avoid the appearance of late complications or of possible extraneurological symptoms.

[HIV-related infections of the brain]. / Les infections encéphaliques liées au VIH.

During the natural course of human immunodeficiency virus infection, central nervous system insults are very common. They can consist of infectious complications, consequently to the collapse of the patient's immune system. Alternatively, direct or indirect HIV-mediated lesions of cerebral vascular or neural cells can also occur. It is crucial to detect HIV-related infectious complications since their prognosis will depend on early and accurate treatments. The diagnosis is generally made by means of magnetic resonance imaging and lumbar puncture.

[Therapeutic armamentarium in neurology: the birth of a new era]. / L'arsenal thérapeutique en neurologie: une nouvelle ère voit le jour.

The field of neurology was long infamous for a lack of therapeutic options. How many of you have once thought: "Neurologists don't cure the disease, they admire it". But those days have passed into history, and the field is now vibrant with new treatments and hope even for patients with the worst neurodegenerative diseases. We summarized in the present review the latest major advances in therapeutic principles and practice for some of the most frequent chronic neurological disorders such as headaches, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, dementias, Parkinson's disease, sleep/wake disturbances and peripheral neuropathies. We cannot cure or prevent, but we can now halt or control symptoms and disease progression to provide physical and psychological relief, and a better quality of life for patients who suffer from these otherwise devastating neurological conditions.