Improving Debt Literacy by 2/3 Through Four Simple Infographics Requires Numeracy and Not Focusing on Negatives of Debt.

Borrowing behavior may be more resistant to formal educational treatments than other financial behaviors. In order to study the process and results of infographics-based debt education, we used eye tracking technology (SMI RED 500 Hz) to monitor the oculomotor behavior of 108 participants (68 females) aged 18 to 60 who were shown 4 infographics. The study used an experimental design with repeated measures and an internal comparison group. We also used scales of debt literacy and a set of information literacy scales: numerical, graph, and linguistic. The results confirm that short-term infographics-based debt education can improve debt literacy significantly. The difference in processing the educational contents that were not known to participants before the educational session suggests that participants with better information literacy make more considerable debt literacy progress. Specifically, we found that numerical literacy is a significant mediator of debt education results, depending on the initial level of debt literacy; this relation is moderated by the focus of visual attention on negatives of debt. We found no significant relationship between debt literacy education results and those of graph and linguistic literacy.

Link between Financial Management Behaviours and Quality of Relationship and Overall Life Satisfaction among Married and Cohabiting Couples: Insights from Application of Artificial Neural Networks.

BACKGROUND: To explain the link between household finances and the quality of the relationship between married or cohabitating partners and their life satisfaction, the Family Stress Model (FSM) was used and placed within the theoretical framework of the Couples and Finances Theory (CFT). METHODS: The measures used to examine the relationship between partners were the Financial Management Behaviour Scale, the Marriage Questionnaire (KDM-2) adapted to a version for cohabitating couples, The Shared Goals and Values Scale, Harsh Start-up Scale, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). In order to find out the relationship between variables, artificial neural networks (ANN) were applied. The research was conducted on a sample of 500 couples living in Poland (384 married and 116 cohabitating couples). RESULTS: The results indicate that overall life satisfaction is most influenced by fundamental, direct, current ways of dealing with the daily financial routine and by saving and investing behaviours. Credit management and insurance behaviours are the most important for the quality of the relationship between partners. CONCLUSIONS: The research shows that financial management behaviours have an impact on the quality of relationships as well as on the subjective well-being of people in a relationship, and their relationship dynamics. This finding may be used to highlight the psychological importance of financial management behaviours.

Interpersonal correlates of the tendency to seek help in the situation of indebtedness in healthy people and in patients with impaired mobility, related to chronic disorders of the locomotor system - Pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: The way of functioning in everyday life and the style of coping with the challenges encountered, including the situations of financial difficulties, are shaped by various adaptation mechanisms conditioned by the state of psychophysical health, as well as social and cultural factors. They are related to the intrapsychic features, among which the personality plays a key role. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research sample consisted of 2 groups - 50 patients with mobility impairment resulting from chronic pathologies of the locomotor system hospitalized in the Department of General and Neuro Rehabilitation, Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, and 50 healthy people. The research was carried out using the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Impulsiveness Inventory and the APSZ Questionnaire. RESULTS: In the group of patients with impaired mobility resulting from chronic pathologies of the locomotor system, the leading correlate of the tendency to seek help in the situation of indebtedness was extraversion. In the healthy group, the leading correlates of the tendency to undertake this type of activity were the intensity of perceived stress, neuroticism, self-esteem, self- efficacy and empathy. CONCLUSIONS: In the group of patients with impaired mobility resulting from chronic diseases of the locomotor system, extroversion was the factor conducive to seeking help in the situation of indebtedness. In the group of healthy people, self-esteem, self- efficacy and empathy were the factors conducive to taking such actions, whereas intensity of perceived stress and neuroticism were the risk factors.