Study of Cytotoxic Properties of an Experimental Preparation with Features of a Dental Infiltrant.

Microinvasive dentistry is based on the treatment of early carious lesions with the use of dental infiltrants. The commercially available Icon dental infiltrant does not contain any bacteriostatic component. An experimental preparation enriched with the missing component was synthesised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the experimental preparation. Mouse fibroblasts of the L-929 lineage were used for the in vitro study. Cell morphology and viability were assessed. In the cytotoxicity analysis, it was shown that the experimental preparation (42.8 ± 10.3) after 24 h at two-fold dilution showed similar cytotoxicity to Icon (42.7 ± 8.8) (p > 0.05), while at four-fold dilution experimental preparation (46.7 ± 3.1), it was less toxic than Icon (34.2 ± 3.1) (p < 0.05). The experimental preparation has the potential to provide an alternative to the Icon commercial preparation. Further research is needed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the experimental preparation over a longer period of time.

The effect of ALA-PDT under normoxia and cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced hypoxia on adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) secretion by colorectal cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: The most fundamental problem in cancer biology research is to understand the mechanisms of cancer cell resistance to oncological therapies. Literature reports emphasize the important role of adhesion molecules: intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) in cancer progression and resistance to treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) could become the component of a personalized approach to colorectal cancer, therefore we examined the effects of ALA (δ-aminolevulinic) acid PDT in normoxia and under cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced hypoxia on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 secretion by colorectal cancer cells. METHODS: Human colorectal cancer cells of different malignant potential SW480 and SW620 were used in the experiment. Cell lines were treated ALA, in order to achieve conditions comparable to in vivo hypoxia, CoCl2 was added, then cells were irradiated both in normoxia and in hypoxia-like conditions. Cell viability was assessed using the LDH and MTT assays and apoptosis. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 concentrations were determined with the Bio - Plex ProTM Assay and System. RESULTS: The experiment revealed that ALA PDT under normoxia and CoCl2-induced hypoxia had no significant effect on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1-dependent adhesion of colorectal cancer cells. The secretion of ICAM-1 by SW480 ell line was more pronounced compared to ICAM-1 secretion by SW620 cells. CONCLUSION: Determination of tumor marker levels and especially adhesion molecules involved in metastatic spread is necessary. Our experiment reveals, that ALA PDT in normoxia and CoCl2-induced hypoxia has no effect on adhesion molecules secretion by colon cancer cells in vitro.

Immunological aspects of chronic venous disease pathogenesis.

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a very common health problem concerning up to 1/3 of the society. Although venous hypertension and valvular incompetence have been long known to be crucial for development of the illness, its exact aetiology remains unclear. Recent findings indicate that inflammatory processes may be crucial for development of incompetent valves and vein wall remodelling. One of the most interesting theories describes "leucocyte trapping" as the mechanism responsible for elevated vein wall permeability and oxidative stress in the veins. At the same time, the cytokine profile of the blood in incompetent veins has not been thoroughly examined. Popular anti-inflammatory drugs relieve some symptoms but do not have much proved effects in prevention and treatment. We intend to summarize the existing knowledge of the immunological aspects of CVD in order to emphasize its importance for understanding the aetiology of this illness. We also wish to indicate some aspects that remain to be studied in more detail.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of novel azaphenothiazine derivatives.

Antimicrobial activity in vitro of a series of novel azaphenothiazine derivatives containing a quinoline moiety was investigated using Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) strains as well as in Candida albicans yeast. The examined compounds showed the highest activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli whereas activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the lowest. Compound 1d demonstrates the highest activity against all tested bacterial strains. Compounds 1c, 1h and 1k with various substituents (CH3, OH, NH2) at C11 position of the quinobenzothiazine ring, did not exhibit activity against any tested bacterial strain. Only compounds 1m and 1n with long aliphatic chains at the quinoline nitrogen atom showed antifungal activity. Correlations between antimicrobial activity and chemical structure of the tested compounds were observed.