State of the Art in the Diagnosis and Assessment of Oral Malignant and Potentially Malignant Disorders: Present Insights and Future Outlook-An Overview.

Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD) is a significant concern for clinicians due to the risk of malignant transformation. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of cancer with a low survival rate, causing over 200,000 new cases globally each year. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment, the five-year survival rate for OSCC patients remains under 50%. Early diagnosis can greatly improve the chances of survival. Therefore, understanding the development and transformation of OSCC and developing new diagnostic methods is crucial. The field of oral medicine has been advanced by technological and molecular innovations, leading to the integration of new medical technologies into dental practice. This study aims to outline the potential role of non-invasive imaging techniques and molecular signatures for the early detection of Oral Malignant and Potentially Malignant Disorders.

A before and after evaluation of patient reported outcomes assessed by Breast Q following LICAP turnover flap in breast conservative therapy.

Chest-wall perforator-based techniques to replace volume for breast conservative therapy allow excision of large breast areas with minimal sequalae, such as the nipple-areolar complex displacement, parenchymal indentation or contour deformity. Furthermore, chest wall perforator flaps facilitate the maintenance of breast symmetry, hence decreasing the need for contralateral surgery. Lateral intercostal flap was described in numerous variants among which the most famous are the propeller flap and the turnover version. The turnover version is the easiest and fastest version that allows the replacement of large amount of volume. In this paper, we evaluate patients reported outcomes, before and after surgery, collected through the Breast Q. This study was conducted on 21 patients who were admitted to the plastic surgery department. A prospectively maintained database was used to identify the patients and their records were assessed retrospectively. The pre/post operative patients data were collected. The Breast-Q questionnaire was administered before the surgery and at least 1 year after. No major surgical complications were reported. Mean Breast-Q scores were evaluated at least 1 year after surgery and radiotherapy and compared with pre-surgical scores. Among all the modules, no significant differences between the pre-surgical and post-surgical Breast-Q scores were observed. Until now, the lateral intercostal artery perforator flap has not been widely used, due to a difficult dissection and a challenging preoperative planning. According to the reported surgical technique, the execution is easy. This technique provides the same breast-related quality of life compared to preoperative values, reduces the mastectomy rate and increases the overall survival.

Propeller Flaps in the Head and Neck.

Propeller flaps have significantly expanded the reconstruction possibilities in the head and neck region. They allow for increased flap mobility and better scar concealing, and/or to perform a one-stage reconstruction with local tissue of similar color and texture, where multiple surgeries would be needed with traditional flaps or even free flaps would be required. This article describes the main propeller flaps for one-stage reconstruction in the head-neck region (facial artery perforator, supratrochlear artery axial perforator, deep lingual artery axial perforator, and anterior supraclavicular artery perforator flaps), their indications, and possible complications. Aesthetic and functional results of propeller flaps in the head and neck region are very good and the complication rate is low, but due to their surgical complexity and the availability of many simpler local flaps, they are indicated only in select cases where local flaps are unavailable or would require multiple staged procedures to complete the construction.