ABSTRACT
Fueron analizados los parámetros de proporción dentaria, posición del cénit gingival, posición y tamaño de las papilas interdentarias, biotipo gingival, cantidad de encía queratinizada y línea de la sonrisa en las 6 piezas anterosuperiores en 31 estudiantes de odontología chilenos. Se estableció un patrón de proporción dentaria similar al descrito previamente en la literatura. La posición de cénit presentó un patrón definido. El biotipo gingival fino fue el más frecuente. Los incisivos laterales presentaron la mayor cantidad de encía queratinizada, seguidos por los incisivos centrales y luego los caninos. La altura de la papila a nivel de los caninos fue mayor que en los incisivos centrales, mientras que los valores más bajos fueron encontrados a nivel de los incisivos laterales. Existió una predominancia de la línea de la sonrisa media.
Tooth proportion, gingival zenith position, position and size of the interdental papillae, gingival biotype, amount of keratinized gingiva and smile line position were evaluated in the 6 upper front teeth in 31 Chilean dental students. The tooth proportion pattern was similar to that described previously in the literature. The zenith position showed an established pattern. A thin gingival biotype was found more frequently. Lateral incisors showed the highest amount of keratinized tissue, followed by central incisors and then the canines. The height of the papillae at the canines was higher than central incisors, while the lowest values were found in the lateral incisors. There was a predominance of a medium smile line.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Gingiva/anatomy & histology , Mouth Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Students, Dental , Biotypology , Chile , Esthetics, DentalABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We assessed the efficacy of customized foot orthotic therapy by comparing reulceration rates, minor amputation rates, and work and daily living activities before and after therapy. Peak plantar pressures and peak plantar impulses were compared with the patients not wearing and wearing their prescribed footwear. METHODS: One hundred seventeen patients with diabetes were prescribed therapeutic insoles and footwear based on the results of a detailed biomechanical study and were followed for 2 years. All of the patients had a history of foot ulcers, but none had undergone previous orthotic therapy. RESULTS: Before treatment, the reulceration rate was 79% and the amputation rate was 54%. Two years after the start of orthotic therapy, the reulceration rate was 15% and the amputation rate was 6%. Orthotic therapy reduced peak plantar pressures in patients with reulcerations and in those without (P < .05), although a significant decrease in peak plantar impulses was achieved only in patients not experiencing reulceration. Sick leave was reduced from 100% to 26%. CONCLUSIONS: Personalized orthotic therapy targeted at reducing plantar pressures by off-loading protects high-risk patients against reulceration. Treatment reduced the reulceration rate and peak plantar pressures, leading to patients' return to work or other activities.
