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2.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 111(6): 487-495, jul.-ago. 2020. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-199505

ABSTRACT

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO: La alopecia frontal fibrosante (AFF) es un tipo de alopecia cicatricial cuya incidencia está en aumento. Detallamos las características demográficas y clínicas, y los tratamientos utilizados en los pacientes con AFF atendidos en la consulta de tricología de un hospital de complejidad intermedia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se recopilaron de forma retrospectiva los datos de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de AFF atendidos en la consulta de Tricología del Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía desde mayo de 2016 hasta mayo de 2018. Se evaluó la asociación entre la gravedad, el patrón clínico y la necesidad del tratamiento oral con el resto de las características de los pacientes. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 75 pacientes (73 mujeres y 2 varones). El diagnóstico en la mayoría de los casos fue clínico, y se realizó estudio histológico en 13 pacientes (17,3%). La mediana de la edad de inicio del cuadro fue de 61 [12] años. En 70 casos (93,3%) se observó afectación de las cejas y en 7 pacientes (9,6%) se objetivaron signos de liquen orogenital. Asociaban hipotiroidismo 11 casos (14,7%) y en 15 (20,0%) se observaron signos de rosácea. Solo 5 (21,7%) de los pacientes con patrón lineal presentaban retroceso grave. En los pacientes inestables y/o sintomáticos (24 casos) se instauró tratamiento oral (con inhibidores de la 5 alfa reductasa, hidroxicloroquina, corticoides o isotretinoína) o intralesional con corticoides, logrando la estabilización en 18 pacientes (75,0%). Un total de 10 pacientes de los 15 que presentaban signos de rosácea, y 10 de los 20 pacientes que presentaban pápulas faciales precisaron tratamiento sistémico. CONCLUSIÓN: La mayoría de nuestros pacientes son mujeres posmenopáusicas. Hemos encontrado un aumento de la proporción de casos con un liquen orogenital en relación con la población general, y una menor gravedad en los pacientes con un patrón lineal. Se ha objetivado la presencia de pápulas faciales con más frecuencia en pacientes más jóvenes, y una mayor probabilidad de necesitar tratamiento oral en los pacientes con rosácea y con pápulas faciales


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Frontal fibrosing alopecia is an increasingly common form of scarring alopecia. The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with FFA seen at the trichology unit of a medium-sized regional hospital and to report on treatments used. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed the medical records of all patients with FFA seen at the trichology unit of Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía in Madrid, Spain between May 2016 and May 2018. We analyzed associations between disease severity, clinical patterns, need for oral medications, and other characteristics. RESULTS: Seventy-five patients (73 women and 2 men) were studied. Diagnosis was clinical in most cases and 13 cases (17.3%) were confirmed histologically. Median (interquartile range) age at reported onset of symptoms was 61 (12) years. Involvement of the eyebrows was recorded in 70 patients (93.3%) and signs of oral and genital lichen planus in 7 (9.6%). Eleven patients (14.7%) had hypothyroidism and 15 (20.0%) had signs of rosacea. Only 5 of the patients who presented a linear pattern (21.7%) had severe hairline recession. Patients with unstable and/or symptomatic disease (n = 24) were treated with oral medications (5-alpha reductase inhibitors, hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, and isotretinoin) or intralesional corticosteroids. Eighteen patients (75.0%) achieved disease stability. Ten of the 15 patients with signs of rosacea and 10 of those with facial papules required systemic treatment. CONCLUSION: Most of the patients in this series of FFA were postmenopausal women. The prevalence of oral and genital lichen planus was higher than that observed in the general population. Patients with a linear pattern had less severe disease. Facial papules were more common in younger patients and both facial papules and rosacea were associated with a greater need for oral treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Alopecia/diagnosis , Alopecia/therapy , Severity of Illness Index , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors
3.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 110(7): 554-560, sept. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-185527

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: La hidradenitis supurativa (HS) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de la piel que influencia negativamente la calidad de vida. En la actualidad no existen escalas en español que la evalúen. El objetivo del presente estudio fue desarrollar y validar un cuestionario específico para evaluar la calidad de vida en pacientes con HS. Material y métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio multicéntrico en España entre 2016 y 2017 para elaborar un cuestionario. Para ello se consideró tanto el marco conceptual como el conocimiento de la situación del paciente mediante la revisión de la bibliografía, reuniones de profesionales de diferentes áreas y entrevistas con pacientes. El cuestionario resultante se pasó a un grupo de 30 pacientes con 30 ± 10 días de intervalo entre uno y otro. Resultados: El análisis de fiabilidad muestra una buena consistencia interna y reproductibilidad con puntuación alfa de Cronbach de 0,920 (test) y 0,917 (retest) y coeficiente de correlación intraclase con DLQI y Skindex-29 de 0,698 IC 95% (0,456-0,844) y 0,900 IC 95% (0,801-0,951) respectivamente. Se establecieron puntos de corte para su uso y se comprobó que el instrumento es sensible al cambio. Conclusiones: El cuestionario HSQoL-24 es la primera prueba autoadministrada específica para evaluar la calidad de vida en HS en español. Sencillo de usar y puntuar por los profesionales. Este estudio demuestra que el instrumento es fiable, válido y sensible al cambio, pendiente de realizar estudio confirmatorio con una muestra mayor con 100 pacientes con HS


Introduction and objectives: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with a negative impact on quality of life. Up to now, there are no disease specific instruments in Spanish to assess quality of life in HS. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life in patients with HS. Material and methods: A multicentre study was carried out in Spain between 2016 and 2017 to develop the questionnaire. Both the conceptual framework and understanding of the patient's situation were considered through a review of the literature, consensus of professionals from different related health areas, and in-depth interviews with patients. The resulting questionnaire was passed to a group of 30 patients with 30±10 days of interval between both assessments. Results: The reliability analysis shows a good internal consistency and reproducibility with Cronbach's alpha score of 0.920 (test) and 0.917 (retest) and intraclass correlation coefficient with DLQI and Skindex-29 of 0.698 IC 95% (0.456-0.844) and 0.900 IC 95% (0.801-0.951) respectively. Cut-off points were established for its use and the instrument was found to be sensitive to change. Conclusions: The HSQoL-24 is the first disease-specific self-administered instrument to assess quality of life in patients with HS in Spanish. It is user friendly, and easy to score. This study shows that the instrument is reliable, valid and sensitive to change, pending confirmatory study with a larger sample of 100 patients with HS


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Hidradenitis Suppurativa/diagnosis , Quality of Life , Validation Studies as Topic , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires , Correlation of Data
6.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 107(2): 125-132, mar. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-150575

ABSTRACT

ANTECEDENTES: Los problemas dermatológicos constituyen uno de los motivos de consulta más frecuentes en atención primaria. En los últimos años, como consecuencia de la adaptación al espacio europeo de educación superior, en muchos planes de estudios se ha reducido el tiempo destinado al aprendizaje de la dermatología. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Para consensuar los contenidos básicos del programa de dermatología en el pregrado, se remitió electrónicamente una encuesta a los 57 miembros de grupo de profesores de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología para establecer cuáles deberían ser los objetivos de aprendizaje de la asignatura en España. Se incluyeron 131 objetivos previamente seleccionados, buscándose un consenso mediante el método Delphi sobre los objetivos importantes o muy importantes (puntuación ≥ 4). RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron 19 respuestas (33%). Tras una segunda ronda de consenso 68 objetivos alcanzaron una puntuación≥4 de promedio en la escala de Likert. Destacan que los graduados conozcan la estructura y las funciones de la piel, las infecciones bacterianas, víricas, micóticas y de transmisión sexual frecuentes, las 4 principales dermatosis inflamatorias, algunos problemas comunes como el prurito y la alopecia en placas, el manejo de dermatosis urgentes, la púrpura y el eritema nudoso como signos de enfermedad interna y reconocer algunos tumores cutáneos benignos y el cáncer de piel, así como la prevención de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y del cáncer cutáneo. Además, durante las prácticas clínicas, deberían adquirir las habilidades de comunicación necesarias para realizar una entrevista y redactar una historia clínica dermatológica y una hoja de derivación. Conclusiones; Se definen los contenidos considerados fundamentales para impartir en las facultades de medicina y recomendados por el grupo de profesores y docentes de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología


BACKGROUND: Skin problems are among the most frequent reasons for seeking medical attention in primary care. In recent years, as a result of the process of adapting medical curricula to the requirements of the European Higher Education Area, the amount of time students spend learning the concepts of dermatology has been reduced in many universities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In order to reach a consensus on core content for undergraduate education in dermatology, we sent a survey to the 57 members of the instructors' group of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV), asking their opinions on what objectives should be set for a dermatology course in Spain. A total of 131 previously selected objectives were listed. We then applied the Delphi method to achieve consensus on which ones the respondents considered important or very important (score ≥ 4 on a Likert scale). RESULTS: Nineteen responses (33%) were received. On the second round of the Delphi process, 68 objectives achieved average scores of at least 4. The respondents emphasized that graduates should understand the structure and functions of the skin and know about bacterial, viral, and fungal skin infections, the most common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and the 4 main inflammatory dermatoses. Students should also learn about common complaints, such as itching and bald patches; the management of dermatologic emergencies; purpura and erythema nodosum as signs of internal disease; and the prevention of STDs and skin cancer. During clinical clerkships students should acquire the communication skills they will need to interview patients, write up a patient's medical history, and refer the patient to a specialist. CONCLUSIONS: The AEDV's group of instructors have defined their recommendations on the core content that medical faculties should adopt for the undergraduate subject of dermatology in Spain


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dermatology/education , Dermatology/trends , Education, Medical/methods , Educational Measurement/methods , Students, Medical , Faculty, Medical , Data Collection/instrumentation , Data Collection/methods , Spain
7.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 105(6): 569-573, jul.-ago. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-125168

ABSTRACT

La legislación de nuestro país reconoce que el paciente tiene derecho a ser informado sobre los distintos aspectos de su enfermedad y a su autonomía en la toma de decisiones relativas al diagnóstico y tratamiento de la misma. Como dermatólogos tenemos la obligación de conocer, respetar y ejecutar dicha normativa en nuestra labor asistencial


Spanish legislation recognizes patients' right to be informed about various aspects of their illness and to make autonomous decisions regarding diagnosis and treatment. As dermatologists, we need to become familiar with this legislation, heed its stipulations, and implement them in our practice


Subject(s)
Humans , Informed Consent/legislation & jurisprudence , Advance Directive Adherence , Skin Diseases , Patient Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Truth Disclosure , Access to Information/legislation & jurisprudence
9.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 105(4): 367-370, mayo 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-122008

ABSTRACT

Aportamos algunos datos acerca de los anuncios publicados en la revista Actas Dermosifiliográficas durante el periodo 1909-1939. Destacan los anuncios relacionados con el tratamiento de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Son un ejemplo de la estrecha relación existente entre la industria farmacéutica y las revistas médicas


We review advertisements published in the journal Actas Dermosifiliográficas between 1909 and 1939. Treatments for sexually transmitted diseases were advertised with particular frequency, and they offer a case in point that exemplifies the close relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and medical journals


Subject(s)
Humans , Periodicals as Topic , Advertising/history , Drug Industry/trends , Drug Publicity
10.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 105(3): 263-270, abr. 2014. ilus, tab, mapas
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-121154

ABSTRACT

En 1936 Covisa y Bejarano publicaron su tratado titulado Elementos de Dermatología. El libro destacaba por su modernidad, al dejar atrás los debates nosológicos que caracterizaban a la Dermatología del siglo anterior, y al agrupar las enfermedades por su etiología y patogenia, apoyándose en los avances científicos y técnicos de la época. Era también el primer texto adaptado a la realidad española, y no una simple adaptación de un texto extranjero. Sin embargo, la Guerra Civil iniciada ese mismo año determinó el futuro de los autores y del propio libro. Covisa y Bejarano tuvieron una intensa participación en la administración sanitaria y universitaria de la Segunda República y se vieron obligados a exiliarse a América. El libro tuvo escasa distribución por librerías en aquel difícil momento, y tampoco se realizarían nuevas ediciones. Nunca sabremos qué habría sucedido de no haber estallado la guerra, pero creemos justo recordar esta importante obra


In 1936, Covisa and Bejarano published a treatise entitled Elementos de Dermatología (The Elements of Dermatology). In this surprisingly modern book they abandoned the nosological debates characteristic of the 19th century and instead classified diseases according to their etiology and pathogenesis based on the scientific and technical advances of the time. Moreover, unlike other books available at the time, which were essentially adaptations of foreign texts, this was the first medical work to reflect the reality of Spanish medicine. However, the future of both the book and its authors was to be determined by the start of the Spanish Civil War in the same year. Covisa and Bejarano, who were both extremely active in the public health system and medical education during the Second Republic, were obliged to seek exile in America. Due to the difficulties of the time, very few copies of the book reached the public and no new editions were ever printed. We will never know what would have happened if the war had not started, but we believe that this important work should be remembered


Subject(s)
Humans , Dermatology/history , History of Medicine , Textbooks as Topic/history
13.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 100(6): 472-475, ago. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-60365

ABSTRACT

El libro Defensa social contra las enfermedades venéreas, de los doctores Bravo, Covisa, Sáinz de Ajay Villarejo, representó un modelo de la propaganda que contra las enfermedades de transmisión sexual se realizó en España a principios del siglo xx (AU)


On Social Prophylaxis of Venereal Diseases is a book written by 4 Spanish dermatologists: Bravo, Covisa, Sáinz de Aja, and Villarejo. It is an illustration of the information provided on venereal disease at the beginning of twentieth century in Spain (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/history , Venereology/history , Social Desirability , Prejudice , Risk-Taking , Books/history
14.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 100(4): 287-290, mayo 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-61798

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un breve comentario del primer artículo publicado en la revista Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas con documentación gráfica del caso clínico y de los hallazgos histológicos. Fue redactado por nuestro fundador, el Dr. Juan de Azúa, en el año 1909 (AU)


Brief comment is made on the first article published in the journal Actas Dermo-Sifiliográf icas with photographic documentation of the case history and histological findings. It was written by the founder of the journal, Dr. Juan de Azúa, in 1909 (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bibliometrics , Periodicals as Topic/history , Periodicals as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Photograph/history , Photograph/methods , Dermatology/history , Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic/epidemiology , Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic/history , Ichthyosis/history , Keratosis/congenital , Keratosis/history , Dermatology/methods , Dermatology/statistics & numerical data
15.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 99(8): 648-652, oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68489

ABSTRACT

El amiloide es un material proteináceo que se deposita en los tejidos en una gran variedad de situaciones clínicas; en la piel puede ser hallado con o sin afectación sistémica concomitante. La amiloidosis cutánea primaria localizada designa a aquellas amiloidosis con afectación exclusivamente cutánea, sin afectación a otros niveles. Las formas más comunes dentro de este grupo son la amiloidosis macular y el liquen amiloideo. La amiloidosis nodular es extremadamente infrecuente y mantiene importantes diferencias clínicas, pronósticas, histológicas y patogénicas con respecto a las variantes macular y liquenoide. Presentamos un nuevo caso de amiloidosis cutánea primaria localizada nodular con placas y nódulos diseminados, que no desarrolló afectación sistémica tras tres años desde el debut de las lesiones (AU)


Amyloid is a proteinaceous material that is deposited in the tissues in a large variety of clinical contexts; in the skin it can be found with or without concomitant systemic disease. Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis encompasses those amyloidoses restricted to the skin without involvement of other systems. The most common forms within this group are macular and lichen amyloidosis. Nodular amyloidosis is extremely rare, and there are notable differences in clinical presentation, prognosis, histology, and pathogenesis between this entity and the macular and lichenoid variants. We report a new case of nodular primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis with disseminated plaques and nodules in which no systemic disease developed in the 3 years following the appearance of the lesions (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Amyloidosis/complications , Amyloidosis/diagnosis , Amyloidosis/therapy , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Radiography, Thoracic/trends , Cryotherapy , Electrocoagulation , Amyloidosis/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathology , Amyloidosis/classification , Amyloidosis/physiopathology , Immunohistochemistry/trends , Bone Marrow/surgery
16.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 40(7): 417-420, 1 abr., 2005. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-037056

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La enfermedad celíaca (EC) se ha asociado a varios trastornos neurológicos, con un claro aumento de la incidencia de la epilepsia con respecto a la población normal. Desde la descripción original de Gobbi en 1992 del síndrome de epilepsia con calcificaciones cerebrales y enfermedad celíaca, se han publicado múltiples comunicaciones con evoluciones diversas, aunque persisten ciertos interrogantes sobre su patogenia. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la presentación clínica y evolución de tres pacientes con el síndrome característico, en quienes se realizó un diagnóstico temprano. Casos clínicos. Se presentan tres varones, en edad escolar, que consultan por crisis parciales con sintomatología visual, secundariamente generalizadas. La tomografía de cráneo mostró en todos los casos calcificaciones occipitales bilaterales. El electroencefalograma evidenció descargas paroxísticas temporooccipitales con ritmo de fondo normal. Se solicitaron anticuerpos antigliadina y antiendomisio, que fueron positivos, y biopsia de intestino delgado, que confirmó una enteropatía grave de grado III. Todos los pacientes que reciben dieta sin gluten y anticomiciales se encuentran libres de crisis en la evolución (1, 2 y 8 años). Conclusión. Se destaca la importancia de investigar la EC en todo paciente con epilepsia y calcificaciones cerebrales occipitales, aun en ausencia de síntomas digestivos, dado que el diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoces con exclusión del gluten inciden en la evolución posterior del síndrome


Introduction. Coeliac disease (CD) has been linked to several neurological disorders, with a clearly higher incidence of epilepsy than in the general population. Since Gobbi’s original description of the epilepsy with cerebral calcifications and coeliac disease syndrome in 1992, various reports have been published concerning different stages of development, although a number of questions remain to be answered with respect to its pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical symptoms and progression of three patients with the characteristic syndrome, who were diagnosed in the early stages of the disease. Case reports. We describe the cases of three males, of school age, who visited because of partial seizures with visual symptoms that were secondarily generalised. A tomography scan of the head revealed bilateral occipital calcifications in all cases. The electroencephalogram showed temporooccipital paroxysmal discharges with a normal background rhythm. Tests for antiendomysium and antigliadin antibodies, with positive results, and a small intestine biopsy study were requested, which confirmed the suspicion of a grade 3 severe enteropathy. All the patients, following a gluten-free diet and taking anticonvulsants, were free of seizures in the follow-up (1, 2 and 8 years). Conclusions. It is of vital importance to investigate CD in any patient with epilepsy and occipital cerebral calcifications, even in the absence of digestive symptoms, since early diagnosis and treatment with exclusion of gluten affect how the syndrome courses later on


Subject(s)
Male , Child , Humans , History, 16th Century , Calcinosis/epidemiology , Calcinosis/pathology , Celiac Disease/epidemiology , Epilepsy/epidemiology , Telencephalon/pathology , Calcinosis , Celiac Disease/diet therapy , Electroencephalography , Epilepsy/diagnosis , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Glutens/adverse effects , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Occipital Lobe/pathology , Occipital Lobe/physiopathology , Occipital Lobe , Temporal Lobe/pathology , Temporal Lobe/physiopathology , Temporal Lobe , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Severity of Illness Index , Telencephalon/physiopathology , Telencephalon
17.
Crit Care ; 2(2): 61-66, 1998.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11056711

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We studied the incidence of withholding or withdrawing therapeutic measures in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, as well as the possible implications of sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) in the decision-making process and the ethical conflicts emerging from these measures. METHODS: The patients (n = 372) were placed in different groups: those surviving 1 year after ICU admission (S; n = 301), deaths at home (DH; n = 2), deaths in the hospital after ICU discharge (DIH; n = 13) and deaths in the ICU (DI; n = 56). The last group was divided into the following subgroups: two cardiovascular deaths (CVD), 20 brain deaths (BD), 25 deaths after withholding of life support (DWH) and nine deaths after withdrawal of life support (DWD). RESULTS: APACHE III, daily therapeutic intervention scoring system (TISS) and daily SOFA scores were good mortality predictors. The length of ICU stay in DIH (20 days) and in DWH (14 days) was significantly greater than in BD (5 days) or in S (7 days). The number of days with a maximum SOFA score was greater in DWD (5 days) than in S, BD or DWH (2 days). CONCLUSIONS: Daily SOFA is a useful parameter when the decision to withhold or withdraw treatment has to be considered, especially if the established measures do not improve the clinical condition of the patient. Although making decisions based on the use of severity parameters may cause ethical problems, it may reduce the anxiety level. Additionally, it may help when considering the need for extraordinary measures or new investigative protocols for better management of resources.

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