Relación entre calidad de sueño y calidad de vida con el estado nutricional y riesgo cardiometabólico en adultos mayores físicamente activos / Relationship between sleep quality and quality of life with nutritional status and cardiometabolic risk in physically active older adults

Introducción: El incremento de la población de adultos mayores (AM) es una realidad global que plantea a las sociedades grandes retos y oportunidades. Objetivo: Relacionar la calidad de sueño y percepción de la calidad de vida con el estado nutricional y riesgo cardiometabólico en AM chilenos físicamente activos. Material y método: Estudio transversal que evaluó 212 AM. Se estudió el índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh, la escala de somnolencia de Epworth, la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud SF-36, el estado nutricional según el índice de masa corporal y el riesgo cardiometabólico según perímetro de cintura e índice cintura estatura. Se realizaron comparaciones a través de la prueba t de Student y asociaciones por medio de regresión logística, considerando un p<0,05. Resultados: Los AM evaluados presentaron diferencias significativas sólo entre las mujeres para latencia al sueño (p=0,022). Además, la regresión logística manifestó relación entre menor latencia al sueño con baja probabilidad de presentar sobrepeso/obesidad (OR=0,276; IC95%=0,086-0,887; p=0,031). Por su parte, menor cantidad de sueño aumenta la probabilidad de presentar sobrepeso/obesidad (OR=3,921; IC95%=1,061-14,490; p=0,031). La calidad de vida no reportó relaciones significativas con el estado nutricional ni con el riesgo cardiometabólico. Conclusiones: Los AM chilenos que participan en talleres gubernamentales de actividad física que presentan mayor latencia al sueño y menor cantidad de sueño exhiben más riesgo de poseer sobrepeso/obesidad. Además, la percepción de la calidad de vida es positiva independiente de su estado nutricional o riesgo cardiometabólico

Introduction: The increase in the population of older adults is a global reality that poses great challenges and opportunities to societies. Objective: To relate sleep quality and the perception of quality of life with the nutritional status and cardiometabolic risk in Chilean physically active older adults. Material and method: Cross-sectional study that evaluated 212 older adults. We studied the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the health-related quality of life SF-36, the nutritional status according to body mass index and the cardiometabolic risk according to waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. Comparisons were made through the Student's t-test and associations through logistic regression, considering p<0.05. Results: Older adults evaluated showed significant differences only among women for sleep latency (p=0.022). In addition, the logistic regression showed a relationships between lower sleep latency with a low probability of being overweight/ obesity (OR=0.276, 95% CI=0.086-0.887, p=0.031). On the other hand, less sleep increases the probability of being overweight/obesity (OR=3.921, 95% CI=1.061-14.490, p=0,031). The dimensions of quality of life did not report significant relationships with nutritional status or cardiometabolic risk. Conclusions: Chilean older adults participating in physical activity governmental workshops that present greater sleep latency and less sleep exhibit a higher risk of being overweight/ obesity. In addition, the perception of quality of life is positive regardless of their nutritional status or cardiometabolic risk

[Relationship between anthropometric health indexes with food consumption in physically active elderly]. / Relación entre índices antropométricos de salud con el consumo de alimentos en adultos mayores físicamente activos.

INTRODUCTION: Programs focused on active aging do not always have actions to guide the elderly about healthy eating. Therefore, the concordance between the feeding habits and the morphological characteristics of this population group is little known. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the anthropometric health indexes with the frequency of food consumption in physically active elderly (PAE). METHODS: The sample consisted of 307 physically active Chilean elders of both sexes (8.4% males), with a mean age of 70.2 years. The studied variables corresponded to nutritional status, abdominal adiposity, cardiovascular risk and frequency of food consumption. A logistic regression model was applied, considering alpha < 0.05. RESULTS: Fruit intake (OR = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.02-0.92) and water consumption (OR = 0.20; CI 95%, 0.04-0.90) are shown as protective factors for obesity; on the other hand, alcohol consumption (OR = 4.19; 95% CI, 1.03-17.02) and sweet snacks (OR = 10.68; 95% CI, 1.85-61.74) are presented as risk factors for obesity. In addition, vegetable intake (OR = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.92) was associated as a protective factor against abdominal adiposity and sweet snack consumption (OR = 6.45; 95% CI, 1.08-38.43) as a factor to present cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSION: The PAE that are more frequent in the consumption of healthy foods also show better nutritional status, abdominal adiposity and lower cardiovascular risk than active Chilean elderly who exhibit less healthy eating behavior.

Relación entre índices antropométricos de salud con el consumo de alimentos en adultos mayores físicamente activos / Relationship between anthropometric health indexes with food consumption in physically active elderly

Introducción: los programas enfocados en el envejecimiento activo no siempre cuentan con acciones que orienten a los adultos mayores en torno a la alimentación saludable. Esta situación hace poco conocida la concordancia entre los hábitos de alimentación con las características morfológicas de este grupo de la población. Objetivo: relacionar los índices antropométricos de salud con la frecuencia en el consumo de alimentos en adultos mayores físicamente activos (AMFA). Métodos: la muestra incluyó 307 adultos mayores chilenos físicamente activos de ambos sexos (8,4% varones), con una edad media de 70,1 años. Las variables estudiadas correspondieron al estado nutricional, adiposidad abdominal, riesgo cardiovascular y frecuencia en el consumo de alimentos. Se aplicó un modelo de regresión logística, considerando un α < 0,05. Resultados: la ingesta de frutas (OR = 0,12; IC 95%, 0,02-0,92) y el consumo de agua (OR = 0,20; IC 95%, 0,04-0,90) se exhiben como factores protectores frente a la obesidad. En cambio, el consumo de alcohol (OR = 4,19; IC 95%, 1,03-17,02) y snacks dulces (OR = 10,68; IC 95%, 1,85-61,74) se presentan como factores de riesgo para la obesidad. Además, la ingesta de verduras (OR = 0,32; IC 95%, 0,11-0,92) se asoció como un factor protector frente a la adiposidad abdominal, y el consumo de snacks dulces (OR = 6,45; IC 95%, 1,08-38,43), como un factor para presentar riesgo cardiovascular. Conclusión: los AMFA que presentan mayor frecuencia en el consumo de alimentos saludables manifiestan también mejor estado nutricional, adiposidad abdominal y menor riesgo cardiovascular respecto a los adultos mayores chilenos activos que exhiben conductas de alimentación menos saludables (AU)

Introduction: Programs focused on active aging do not always have actions to guide the elderly about healthy eating. Therefore, the concordance between the feeding habits and the morphological characteristics of this population group is little known. Objective: To correlate the anthropometric health indexes with the frequency of food consumption in physically active elderly (PAE). Methods: The sample consisted of 307 physically active Chilean elders of both sexes (8.4% males), with a mean age of 70.2 years. The studied variables corresponded to nutritional status, abdominal adiposity, cardiovascular risk and frequency of food consumption. A logistic regression model was applied, considering α < 0.05. Results: Fruit intake (OR = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.02-0.92) and water consumption (OR = 0.20; CI 95%, 0.04-0.90) are shown as protective factors for obesity; on the other hand, alcohol consumption (OR = 4.19; 95% CI, 1.03-17.02) and sweet snacks (OR = 10.68; 95% CI, 1.85-61.74) are presented as risk factors for obesity. In addition, vegetable intake (OR = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.92) was associated as a protective factor against abdominal adiposity and sweet snack consumption (OR = 6.45; 95% CI, 1.08-38.43) as a factor to present cardiovascular risk. Conclusion: The PAE that are more frequent in the consumption of healthy foods also show better nutritional status, abdominal adiposity and lower cardiovascular risk than active Chilean elderly who exhibit less healthy eating behaviors (AU)