ABSTRACT
We present a comparative trial between Sandimmun, the original cyclosporine presentation, and a modified one, called Neoral, in microemulsion, to increase the blood absortion and stability of the product. We built for each product, an absorption kinetic curve and we applied it to three patients with stable renal function, using the same dosage that was used for ciclosporine. We observed a greater absorption and stability in the blood levels of Neoral. We analyzed hundred blood samples in 25 patients and we found a higher level of this product; this lead us to make possible that in 72% of the patients we could diminish the daily dosis in 5 to 10%. The patient's renal function was stable and no complications or secondary effects were present with Neoral.
Subject(s)
Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Adult , Female , Graft Rejection/prevention & control , Humans , Male , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
We present a comparative trial between Sandimmun, the original cyclosporine presentation, and a modified one, called Neoral, in microemulsion, to increase the blood absortion and stability of the product. We built for each product, an absorption kinetic curve and we applied it to three patients with stable renal function, using the same dosage that was used for ciclosporine. We observed a greater absorption and stability in the blood levels of Neoral. We analyzed hundred blood samples in 25 patients and we found a higher level of this product; this lead us to make possible that in 72% of the patients we could diminish the daily dosis in 5 to 10%. The patient's renal function was stable and no complications or secondary effects were present with Neoral.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Graft Rejection/prevention & control , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
We are presenting the immunologic pattern of 100 patients with kidney transplant made from 1990-2000 at CHM CSS Dr.AAM. Eighty nine were alive related donors. Most of them were from blood group O, donors and receptors. They came from Panama, Chiriqui and Colon. Many of the donors were siblings. The grades of compatibility in frequency were D, C, A & B. For locus HLA-A the most common gen was A2 for transplanted patients and for the rest of the Panamanian population is A24. For the locus HLA-B were B35 and B38 respectively and for the locus HLA-C the most common gen was C4, and C3 for the rest of the population.
Subject(s)
HLA Antigens/analysis , Kidney Transplantation/immunology , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The authors determined the frequency of genes and haplotypes of the HLA system in 965 panamanian men and women not related to each other, between 6 and 65 years of age. The HLA-A locus genes with the highest frequency (f) were A2, with f 0.1763; A24, f 0.1584; A30, f 0.1340; A23, f 0.1069; A3, f 0.0774. The other 20 genes each had less than 0.07. The genes with the highest frequency for locus HLA-B were B35, f 0.1946; B44, f 0.0904; B7, f 0.0774; B60 and B61, f 0.0582. For locus HLA-C, the most frequent genes were Cw3 with f 0.1549 and Cw4, f 0.1444. For locus HLA-DR, the most frequent genes were DR2 with f 0.1283; DR3, f 0.0620; DR7, f 0.0409. The most frequent haplotypes in the panamanian population were A2-B35 with f 0.0382; A3-B35, f 0.0191; A24-35, f 0.0287; A24-B61, f 0.0239; A29-B44, f 0.0287; A30-B42, f 0.0239; A23-B44, f 0.0191; A1-B8, f 0.0143. The authors conclude that the panamanian population exhibits a high degree of polymorphism for loci HLA-A, B and C, while for locu HLA-DR the frequency is the median when compared with that in caucasian, negro and oriental groups; and that, according to locus, predominant genes originating from these groups and found, corroborating the multiracial origen of the panamanian population.
Subject(s)
Gene Frequency , HLA Antigens/genetics , Haplotypes , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , HLA-A Antigens/genetics , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Panama , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
The authors determined the frequency of genes and haplotypes of the HLA system in 965 panamanian men and women not related to each other, between 6 and 65 years of age. The HLA-A locus genes with the highest frequency (f) were A2, with f 0.1763; A24, f 0.1584; A30, f 0.1340; A23, f 0.1069; A3, f 0.0774. The other 20 genes each had less than 0.07. The genes with the highest frequency for locus HLA-B were B35, f 0.1946; B44, f 0.0904; B7, f 0.0774; B60 and B61, f 0.0582. For locus HLA-C, the most frequent genes were Cw3 with f 0.1549 and Cw4, f 0.1444. For locus HLA-DR, the most frequent genes were DR2 with f 0.1283; DR3, f 0.0620; DR7, f 0.0409. The most frequent haplotypes in the panamanian population were A2-B35 with f 0.0382; A3-B35, f 0.0191; A24-35, f 0.0287; A24-B61, f 0.0239; A29-B44, f 0.0287; A30-B42, f 0.0239; A23-B44, f 0.0191; A1-B8, f 0.0143. The authors conclude that the panamanian population exhibits a high degree of polymorphism for loci HLA-A, B and C, while for locu HLA-DR the frequency is the median when compared with that in caucasian, negro and oriental groups; and that, according to locus, predominant genes originating from these groups and found, corroborating the multiracial origen of the panamanian population
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , HLA Antigens/genetics , Gene Frequency , Haplotypes , HLA-A Antigens/genetics , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Panama , Histocompatibility TestingABSTRACT
The authors report the results of the immunological studies carried out on 246 individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in order to compare these data with those obtained in a previous study. They demonstrate an appreciable increase in the number of women with HIV infection and the change of the major cause of infection, in men as well as in women, from transfusions to heterosexual relations with promiscuous and/or bisexual men. They emphasize the danger of HIV infection in pregnant women because of the possibility of infection in their children.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/mortality , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Panama , Sexual BehaviorABSTRACT
The clinical records of two patients (mother and son) who had hereditary angioedema of type 1 since childhood are studied. The angioedema was present in each case after trauma, they both had history of chronic allergic rhinitis and the son had of spastic bronchitis. In each of these two patients the level of C4 and CH50 was low, C3 was normal and C1 INH was absent. In a twin (bivitaline) brother and one mother's sister as well as in the son's father the level of C1 INH was normal. They were treated every time successfully with steroids and antiallergic medicine.
Subject(s)
Angioedema/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , PedigreeABSTRACT
The author reviewed 2000 clinical records of his private allergy patients chosen at random. 197 records (9.7%) labeled "allergic to aspirin" were culled. 41 (2.1%) were acute cases and 153 (7.6%) had a history of "intolerance to aspirin". The main symptoms were angioedema or angioedema and urticaria in the majority of patients. No deaths were recorded. Each clinical record was surveyed and 61% of the acute cases and 72% of the patients with a history of intolerance to aspirin had a personal history of atopy. Family history of atopy was present in 63 and 73%, respectively. There was no history of atopy in 12% of the acute cases and in 7% of those with a history of intolerance to aspirin. 56 to 65% of these groups, respectively, had allergic rhinitis and 17 and 34%, had asthma. 23% of these patients showed allergic reactions simultaneously to Pyrazolones and between 12 and 22% showed allergy to Penicillin, and between 2 and 12%, to Acetominophene. The only food to which statistically significant allergy occurred was pancake, in 12%. 53% of the acute cases and 89% of those with a history of intolerance to aspirin showed a pseudoallergic reaction with products which contain aspirin or non steroidal antiinflamatory agents. 80% of the acute cases were treated with aqueous 1:1000 solution of epinephirine subcutaneously. 100% were given antihistaminics I.M. or orally and 61% were given steroids. Each patient was furnished with a list of the main aspirin containing products and non steroidal antiinflammatory agents, which cross react with aspirin.
