ABSTRACT
Fundamento. Las crisis convulsivas sin fiebre en lactantesimplican un diagnóstico diferencial amplio.Caso clínico. Lactante mujer de 7 meses que presenta,estando afebril, dos crisis generalizadas tónico-clónicasbreves en 23 horas. Su desarrollo psicomotor y estaturo-ponderal seguía un curso normal. Se obtuvo analíticade sangre, ecografía cerebral y electroencefalograma,normales. Debido a una situación sociofamiliar desfavorable,se realizaron tóxicos en orina, positivos paracocaína en dos muestras sucesivas; se negativizaronen 48 horas. Estuvo en contacto con humo ambientalhoras previas al inicio de las crisis. Sin crisis en lossiguientes 6 meses, con desarrollo normal, sigue bajovigilancia por asistencia social.Discusión. La inhalación pasiva de humo de cocaína seasocia a crisis convulsivas en lactantes. Este riesgo escasi desconocido en nuestro país, a pesar del aumentodel consumo de crack. Ante una primera crisis epilépticaafebril en cualquier edad, se debe incluir de formarutinaria la detección de tóxicos en orina(AU)
Background. The differential diagnosis of afebrile seizuresin the first year of life is extensive.Case report. A 7-month old infant presented two afebrilegeneralized tonic-clonic seizures in 23 hours; her psychomotorand growth development followed a normalcourse. Laboratory analysis, cerebral echography andelectroencephalogram were normal. Urine toxicologywas positive for cocaine on two occasions. A negativeurine sample was obtained 48 hours later. The parentsdenied drug abuse but explained a recent exposure tosmoke some hours before the episode. The patient hadno seizures in the following six months, with normal psychomotordevelopment.Discussion. Passive inhalation of cocaine is associatedwith seizures in infants. There is no perception ofthe risk of passive exposure to cocaine in our country,despite the increasing consumption of crack in youngadults. Urine toxicology should be systematicallyincluded in the study of a first afebrile seizure in aninfant(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Cocaine-Related Disorders/diagnosis , Epilepsy/etiology , Crack Cocaine/adverse effects , Environmental ExposureABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The differential diagnosis of afebrile seizures in the first year of life is extensive. CASE REPORT: A 7-month old infant presented two afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizures in 23 hours; her psychomotor and growth development followed a normal course. Laboratory analysis, cerebral echography and electroencephalogram were normal. Urine toxicology was positive for cocaine on two occasions. A negative urine sample was obtained 48 hours later. The parents denied drug abuse but explained a recent exposure to smoke some hours before the episode. The patient had no seizures in the following six months, with normal psychomotor development. DISCUSSION: Passive inhalation of cocaine is associated with seizures in infants. There is no perception of the risk of passive exposure to cocaine in our country, despite the increasing consumption of crack in young adults. Urine toxicology should be systematically included in the study of a first afebrile seizure in an infant.
Subject(s)
Cocaine/toxicity , Status Epilepticus/chemically induced , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Female , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
In this work, a bulk liquid membrane method has been applied for Ni enrichment and separation from natural waters. The carrier-mediated transport was accomplished by pyridine-2-acetaldehyde benzoylhydrazone dissolved in toluene as a complexing agent. The preconcentration was achieved through pH control of source and receiving solutions via a counterflow of protons. The main variables were optimized by using a modified simplex technique. High transport efficiencies (101.2 +/- 1.8-99.7 +/- 4.2%) were provided by the carrier for nickel ions in a receiving phase of 0.31 mol L(-1) nitric acid after 9-13 h depending on sample salinity. The precision of the method was 2.05% (without a saline matrix) and 4.04% (with 40 g L(-1) NaCl) at the 95% confidence level and the detection limit of the blank was 0.015 mug L(-1) Ni for detection by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The applicability of the method was tested on certified reference and real water samples with successful results, even for saline samples. The relative errors were -0.60% for certified reference materials and ranged from -0.39 to 2.90% and from 0.3 to 11.05% for real samples, obtained by comparison of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry measurements, respectively.
