ABSTRACT
Se acaban de cumplir 60 años de la aprobación de la especialidad de Fisioterapia para los Ayudantes Técnicos Sanitarios, así como la creación de las primeras escuelas de Fisioterapia. El presente artículo justificará cómo el conjunto de brotes epidémicos de poliomielitis en España, influyeron de forma decisiva en el nacimiento de profesiones sanitarias como la Fisioterapia. Por otro lado, se reconstruirá el proceso de institucionalización, nacimiento y desarrollo en sus primeros años de la Escuela de Fisioterapia Salus Infirmorum, la primera en ser aprobada por el Ministerio de Educación. Salus Infirmorum, con la creación del centro infantil "Casa del Niño" consiguió aunar la formación de fisioterapeutas y el tratamiento de niños con problemas motóricos como consecuencia de la poliomielitis. En el centro se atendió a más de 680 niños y se formaron en ella 373 enfermeras fisioterapeutas, siendo reconocido como Obra de interés social, por la Comisaría de Asistencia Social del Ministerio de Educación Nacional, en orden 6 de junio de 1958
Sixty years have passed since approval of the Physiotherapy specialty for licensed practical nurses, as well as the establishment of the first Physiotherapy Schools. This paper will explain how the set of epidemic outbreaks of poliomyelitis in Spain, had a decisive influence on the birth of health professions such as Physiotherapy. On the other hand, throughout it, the process of institutionalization of Salus Infirmorum, the first Physiotherapy College recognized by the Ministry of Education, its birth and its first years early development will be reconstructed. Salus Infirmorum, with the creation of the childrens center "Casa del Niño" managed to combine the physiotherapists training with the treatment of children with motor disorders as a result of poliomyelitis. In the healthcare center, more than 680 children were attended and 373 physiotherapist-nurses were trained, being recognized as a Social Interest Group, by the Social Assistance Commission of the Ministry of National Education, in order June 6, 1958
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Physical Therapy Modalities/education , Physical Therapy Modalities/history , Physical Therapy Specialty/education , Physical Therapy Specialty/history , Poliomyelitis/history , Poliomyelitis/nursing , Occupational Therapy/nursing , Occupational Therapy/education , Occupational Therapy/history , Child Care/history , Disabled Persons/history , Health Services for Persons with Disabilities/historyABSTRACT
Objective.To describe the work of the Salus Infirmorum Sisterhood in caring for the most underprivileged individuals from the postwar outskirts of Madrid, through the voluntary service of the nurses who were part of that Institution. Methods. A historical study based on the analysis of primary sources from the Sisterhood's archives. Results. Salus Infirmorum once relied on more than 100 volunteer nurses who treated over 425-thousand people in 21 parish dispensaries located within the neediest neighborhoods of Madrid, providing both preventative and curative medical care. Nurses were offered adequate training in exchange for the care provided. Conclusion. Salus Infirmorum took healthcare to the streets of Madrid, treating patients in improvised medical clinics set up in parishes or in the patient's own home, as the situation required, in addition to training women who otherwise would not have had access to it.
Objetivo.Describir la labor realizada por la Hermandad Salus Infirmorum en la atención a los más desfavorecidos de los suburbios de la posguerra madrileña, por intermedio del voluntariado de las enfermeras de dicha institución. Metodología. Estudio histórico en el que se han analizado fuentes primarias del archivo de la entidad. Resultados. Salus Infirmorum llegó a contar con más de cien enfermeras quienes atendieron a más de 425 mil personas de forma altruista, en 21 dispensarios parroquiales de los barrios más necesitados de Madrid. En este contexto, llevaron a cabo una asistencia sanitaria de tipo preventivo y curativo a las que, además, se les ofertaba una formación adecuada para esta atención. Conclusión. Salus Infirmorum llevó el cuidado a las calles, mediante improvisados centros asistenciales en las parroquias o en el propio domicilio si la situación del enfermo lo requería; además se preocupó de preparó a mujeres que de otra manera no hubieran podido acceder a una formación académica.
Objetivo.Descrever o trabalho realizada pela Irmandade Salus Infirmorum na atenção aos mais desfavorecidos dos subúrbios da pós-guerra madrilena, através do voluntariado das enfermeiras que integravam dita instituição. Metodologia. Estudo histórico no qual se analisou fontes primárias do arquivo da entidade. Resultados. Salus Infirmorum chegou a contar com mais de cem enfermeiras que atenderam a mais de 425 mil pessoas de forma altruísta, em 21 dispensários paroquiais dos bairros mais necessitados de Madrid, levando a cabo uma assistência sanitária, de tipo preventiva e curativa, às que, ademais, se lhes ofertava uma formação adequada para esta atenção. Conclusão. Salus Infirmorum levou o cuidado às ruas, através de improvisados centros assistenciais nas paroquias ou no próprio domicílio se a situação do doente o requeresse, ademais de formar a mulheres que de outra maneira não houvesse podido acessar.
Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Education, Nursing , History of Nursing , Nursing CareABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the work of the Salus Infirmorum Sisterhood in caring for the most underprivileged individuals from the postwar outskirts of Madrid, through the voluntary service of the nurses who were part of that Institution. METHODS: A historical study based on the analysis of primary sources from the Sisterhood's archives. RESULTS: Salus Infirmorum once relied on more than 100 volunteer nurses who treated over 425-thousand people in 21 parish dispensaries located within the neediest neighborhoods of Madrid, providing both preventative and curative medical care. Nurses were offered adequate training in exchange for the care provided. CONCLUSION: Salus Infirmorum took healthcare to the streets of Madrid, treating patients in improvised medical clinics set up in parishes or in the patient's own home, as the situation required, in addition to training women who otherwise would not have had access to it.
