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Psicol. conduct ; 31(3): 463-478, 2023. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-228375

ABSTRACT

La soledad es un problema emergente de salud pública en países desarrollados. El objetivo es establecer la prevalencia en una muestra representativa de una gran ciudad y su relación con indicadores de salud mental. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio estratificado (n= 8.828), se preguntó por el grado en que se había sentido sólo durante el último año y se incluyeron cuestionarios relativos a su salud mental. Un 10,2% declaró sentirse solo durante el último año. Quienes se sienten solos cuadriplican las probabilidades de desarrollar más síntomas de mala salud mental (63% vs. 16%), recibir un diagnóstico de ansiedad/depresión y de serles prescritos psicofármacos. El modelo estructural sugiere que la soledad empeora la salud mental, conllevando mayor prescripción de fármacos, lo que incrementa la sensación de soledad. La soledad suele quedar en el anonimato y la intimidad, y se aborda principalmente mediante la prescripción de psicofármacos que agravan el problema, sumiendo al sujeto en un círculo vicioso con difícil escapatoria. Los resultados obligan a ofrecer respuestas más eficaces que el mero abordaje farmacológico. (AU)


Loneliness is an emerging public health problem in developed countries. The objective was to establish the prevalence in a representative sample of a large city and its relationship with mental health indicators. Using stratified random sampling, a sample of 8,828 was obtained. The degree to which they had felt lonely during the last year and other questions and questionnaires related to their mental health were asked. A total of 10.2% reported feeling lonely during the last year. Those who felt lonely were four times more likely to develop more symptoms of poor mental health (63% vs. 16%), to receive a diagnosis of anxiety/depression, and to be prescribed psychotropic drugs. The structural model suggests thatloneliness worsens mental health, leading to greater prescription of drugs, which increases feelings of loneliness. Loneliness tends to remain in anonymity and intimacy, and is addressed mainly through the prescription of psychotropic drugs that aggravate the problem, plunging the subject into a vicious circle that is difficult to escape. The results make it necessary to offer more effective responses than a mere pharmacological approach. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Mental Health , Loneliness/psychology , Population Studies in Public Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Spain/epidemiology
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