ABSTRACT
FUNDAMENTO: La notificación espontánea de reacciones adversas a medicamentos por el personal sanitario, representa en la actualidad uno de los métodos básicos para la prevención y detección de nuevas y serias reacciones adversas a medicamentos comercializados. La participación de los profesionales de enfermería en esta tarea, permite mejorar la seguridad del paciente y disminuir gastos derivados de las mismas. Aun así, en Navarra en el año 2011 se realizaron un total de 781 notificaciones, de las cuales, apenas un 7,33%, fueron realizadas por enfermeras. Los objetivos planteados fueron: identificar los factores que influyen en la notificación enfermera y definir las estrategias que favorecen un aumento de la misma. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed y Cinhal de artículos que incluyeran las palabras: reacciones adversas medicamentosas, notificación y enfermería. Se obtuvieron inicialmente 107 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 27, de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. RESULTADOS: De la lectura y análisis de los artículos seleccionados se extrajo que, los factores que influyen en la notificación dependen de las actitudes del notificador y de factores personales y profesionales. Las principales estrategias para fomentar la notificación son: educación y formación, motivación y disponibilidad de herramientas facilitadoras. CONCLUSIONES: Los principales factores que influyen en la infranotificación son la falta de conocimientos y de motivación de los profesionales. Para solventar estos problemas las principales intervenciones parten de la educación, la motivación y la constancia
BACKGROUND: The spontaneous report system, in which suspected adverse drug reaction (ADR) are reported by healthcare workers, is currently one of the primary methods to prevent and discover new and serious ADR to marketed medicinal products. The collaboration of nursing professionals with this task makes it possible to improve patient safety and to reduce ADR costs. Although a total of 781 cases of ADR cases were reported in Navarra in 2011, only 7.33% were reported by nurses. The objectives werw to determine the factors that influence nurses in reporting of ADR, and second, to devise strategies which help to increase reporting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A bibliographic search for articles that included the words: reacciones adversas medicamentosas (adverse drug reactions), notificación (reporting) and enfermería (nursing) was conducted using the PubMed and Cinhal databases. A total of 107 articles were retrieved, of which 27 were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: The conclusion learned by reading and analyzing the selected articles was that the factors that affect the notification depend on the attitude of the notifier, as well as personal and professional factors. The main strategies to encourage notification are education and training, motivation, and the availability of facilitating tools. CONCLUSIONS: The main factors that have an influence on under-notification are the lack of knowledge and motivation among professionals. To solve the problem of under-notification, the main actions and strategies to undertake are education, motivation and persistence
Subject(s)
Humans , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology , Nursing Care/organization & administration , Professional Role , Notification , Hospital Communication Systems/organization & administration , Nurse-Patient RelationsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The spontaneous report system, in which suspected adverse drug reaction (ADR) are reported by healthcare workers, is currently one of the primary methods to prevent and discover new and serious ADR to marketed medicinal products. The collaboration of nursing professionals with this task makes it possible to improve patient safety and to reduce ADR costs. Although a total of 781 cases of ADR cases were reported in Navarra in 2011, only 7.33% were reported by nurses. The objectives werw to determine the factors that influence nurses in reporting of ADR, and second, to devise strategies which help to increase reporting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A bibliographic search for articles that included the words: reacciones adversas medicamentosas (adverse drug reactions), notificación (reporting) and enfermería (nursing) was conducted using the PubMed and Cinhal databases. A total of 107 articles were retrieved, of which 27 were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: The conclusion learned by reading and analyzing the selected articles was that the factors that affect the notification depend on the attitude of the notifier, as well as personal and professional factors. The main strategies to encourage notification are education and training, motivation, and the availability of facilitating tools. CONCLUSIONS: The main factors that have an influence on under-notification are the lack of knowledge and motivation among professionals. To solve the problem of under-notification, the main actions and strategies to undertake are education, motivation and persistence.
