The role of cultural beliefs on eating patterns and food practices among pregnant women: a systematic review.

CONTEXT: Despite the importance of cultural beliefs in clinical practice, few systematic reviews have investigated how these beliefs influence food practices in pregnant women. OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of cultural beliefs in eating patterns and food practices among pregnant women, highlighting food recommendations, food taboos and restrictions, and their association with health. DATA SOURCES: A systematic review was conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from May 2014 to May 2019. DATA EXTRACTION: Articles were included if the studies included pregnant women, analyzed how cultural beliefs may influence eating patterns, were peer-reviewed articles with original data, published in the last 5 years, and in English or Spanish language. Quality assessment was also performed. DATA ANALYSIS: A total of 544 articles were identified in the search and 24 were included in the final analysis (17 using qualitative design, 6 using quantitative design, and 1 with a mixed-design). These studies were predominantly from the African continent (n = 15). Our findings showed that culture is a key factor related to "taboos" and food restrictions, which are transmitted by the family or members of community, having a strong religious or spiritual influence. All these restrictions are related to the fear of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes such as the risk of abortion, dystocia, and congenital macrosomia, or are used to avoid child problems such as cutaneous and respiratory disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study indicate cultural beliefs are strongly associated with food patterns and eating habits in pregnant women. Administrators and health professionals should be aware of these beliefs to minimize problems in the perinatal period.

La matrona como guía para la aplicación del método madre canguro. A propósito de un caso / The midwife as a guide for the application of the Kangaroo mother care method. A case report

Se presenta un caso clínico en el que tras un parto prematuro de una gestante de 33+5 semanas de gestación, la recién nacida es ingresada en el servicio de neonatos por bajo peso, prematuridad y tiraje a pesar de un Apgar 8/9/10 y un peso de 1.300 g en el nacimiento. El equipo de matronas que atendió a la mujer desde su llegada realiza una valoración según las necesidades de Virginia Henderson. Se identifican como diagnósticos enfermeros de la madre baja autoestima y conocimientos deficientes y para la recién nacida se identifica termorregulación ineficaz. Se realiza un plan de cuidados basado en gran medida en el método madre canguro, que se inicia en el Servicio de Neonatos, adaptándose a las necesidades y los cuidados que la prematura requiere. El método logra que los padres afronten la situación de una mejor forma y también permite mantener adecuadamente las constantes vitales de la prematura

We present a clinical case of a premature birth from a mother of 33+5 weeks gestation where the newborn was admitted to the neonatal unit due to her low weight, chest retraction and prematurity, despite an Apgar score of 8/9/10 and birth weight of 1.300 g. The team of midwives that attended the woman from her arrival performed an assessment according to Virginia Henderson's Needs. Nursing diagnoses for the mother of Situational low self- esteem and Deficient Knowledge were established, and of Ineffective thermoregulation for the newborn infant. The care plan was based in great measure on the Kangaroo-mother care method which was started in the neonatal unit, and adapted to the needs and care required by the newborn infant. The method enabled the parents to cope with the situation in a better way and the vital signs of the infant to be maintained

The midwife as a guide for the application of the Kangaroo mother care method. A case report. / La matrona como guía para la aplicación del método madre canguro. A propósito de un caso.

We present a clinical case of a premature birth from a mother of 33+5 weeks gestation where the newborn was admitted to the neonatal unit due to her low weight, chest retraction and prematurity, despite an Apgar score of 8/9/10 and birth weight of 1.300 g. The team of midwives that attended the woman from her arrival performed an assessment according to Virginia Henderson's Needs. Nursing diagnoses for the mother of Situational low self- esteem and Deficient Knowledge were established, and of Ineffective thermoregulation for the newborn infant. The care plan was based in great measure on the Kangaroo-mother care method which was started in the neonatal unit, and adapted to the needs and care required by the newborn infant. The method enabled the parents to cope with the situation in a better way and the vital signs of the infant to be maintained.

Intervención de la matrona hospitalaria en una gestante con mutilación genital femenina. A propósito de un caso / Intervention of the hospital midwife in the case of a pregnant women who had undergone female genital mutilation. A case study

La mutilación genital femenina, condenada por todos los países miembros de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, se ha extendido alrededor del mundo como consecuencia de los flujos migratorios, y se realiza al amparo de una costumbre, tradición o cultura. En España está penada como delito de lesiones según el Código Penal vigente. Mediante un caso clínico se revisan las principales actuaciones de la matrona ante dicha lesión en una gestante en el trabajo de parto. Se exponen los datos recogidos en la exploración física y valoración según el modelo de Virginia Henderson, y se desarrolla un plan de cuidados completo. Del caso se puede concluir que, en el ámbito hospitalario, las matronas pueden y deben reforzar y completar el trabajo con estas mujeres y sus familias de informar, educar y fortalecer la decisión de no mutilar, el cual debería haber sido iniciado en el centro de salud (AU)

Female genital mutilation, condemned by all UN member countries has spread throughout the world as a result of migratory flows and is practiced under the guise of a custom, tradition or culture. In Spain, it is punishable as a personal injury offence under the current penal code. A clinical case study reviewed the main actions of the midwife in this kind of injury in a pregnant woman during labour. The data collected from the physical examination and the midwife's assessment according to the Virginia Henderson model are presented and a complete care plan developed. From the case it can be concluded that in the hospital area, midwives can and should reinforce and complete the work with these women and their families, of informing, educating and reinforcing the decision not to mutilate. This work should have been started in, the health centre (AU)

Intervention of the hospital midwife in the case of a pregnant women who had undergone female genital mutilation. A case study. / Intervención de la matrona hospitalaria en una gestante con mutilación genital femenina. A propósito de un caso.

Female genital mutilation, condemned by all UN member countries has spread throughout the world as a result of migratory flows and is practiced under the guise of a custom, tradition or culture. In Spain, it is punishable as a personal injury offence under the current penal code. A clinical case study reviewedthe main actions of the midwife in this kind of injury in a pregnant woman during labour. The data collected from the physical examination and the midwife's assessment according to the Virginia Henderson model are presented and a complete care plan developed. From the case it can be concluded that in the hospital area, midwives can and should reinforce and complete the work with these women and their families, of informing, educating and reinforcing the decision not to mutilate. This work should have been started in, the health centre.