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1.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 18(72): e199-e208, oct.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-158704

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el sobrepeso y obesidad alcanzan una alta prevalencia entre niños y adolescentes en España. Los hábitos modificables, la carga genética y la percepción del peso empeoran con los años, convirtiendo a los niños en adultos con sobrepeso. Se analizó la relevancia de distintos factores modificables (hábitos alimentarios, actividad física, sedentarismo y horas de sueño), la herencia genética, así como la percepción de su imagen corporal, en el exceso ponderal de niños y adolescentes. Material y métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo de 101 escolares de Madrid (edad media de diez años), con recogida de datos antropométricos (peso, talla, pliegues cutáneos y circunferencia de cintura), dietéticos (KidMed®), de actividad física (IPAQ® adaptado), sedentarismo, horas de sueño y percepción del peso e imagen corporal. Resultados: el 31% de los niños presentaba exceso ponderal. Un 53,4% necesitaba mejorar la dieta. Fue mayor el número de participantes con normopeso que no seguían una alta adherencia a la dieta mediterránea que aquellos con sobrepeso-obesidad que sí se adherían. No se observó correlación estadísticamente significativa entre el estado ponderal (según el percentil de peso) y las características corporales de los padres, pero sí en función del índice de masa corporal (IMC).A un 70% de obesos y un 50% de desnutridos les gustaría pesar lo mismo. Conclusiones: los factores modificables no se relacionaron con un mayor exceso ponderal. El peso de los progenitores tuvo influencia en el estado ponderal de los hijos, aunque no se obtuvieron resultados estadísticamente significativos al analizar los factores modificables y la herencia en conjunto (AU)


Introduction: overweight and obesity achieve a high prevalence among children and adolescents in Spain. Modifiable habits, combined with the genetic load and weight perception, declines over the years making children overweight adults. Our aim was to analyze the relevance in excess weight of various modifiable factors (dietary habits, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and sleep), heredity and body image perception in children and adolescents. Methods: a retrospective observational study of 101 schoolchildren in Madrid (mean age 10 years) was performed with collection of anthropometric (weight, height, skinfold thickness and waist circumference), dietary (KidMed), physical activity (IPAQ adapted), sedentary lifestyle, sleep and perception of weight and body image data. Results: 31% of children had excess weight. 53.4% ​​needed diet improvement. The number of participants with normal weight who did not follow a high adherence to the Mediterranean diet was greater than those with overweight-obesity who did adhered. No statistically significant results between weight status (according to weight percentile) and body parental characteristics were obtained, but according to BMI. 70% of obese and 50% of malnourished would like to stay in their weigh. Conclusion: modifiable factors were not associated with an increased excess weight. Parents’ weight had some influence on the weight status of children, although no statistically significant results were obtained when both modifiable factors and heredity were analyzed altogether (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Obesity/epidemiology , Obesity/genetics , Obesity/prevention & control , Body Image , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Motor Activity/physiology , Sedentary Behavior , Sleep/physiology , Weight by Height/physiology , Weight Reduction Programs/standards , Retrospective Studies , Anthropometry/methods , 28599 , Primary Health Care/methods
2.
Actas urol. esp ; 39(2): 112-117, mar. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-133763

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) representa una de las complicaciones más frecuentes tras los procedimientos sobre la vía urinaria, sobre todo si se requiere la colocación de un catéter. El tratamiento con arándano rojo se ha relacionado con una disminución del riesgo de ITU, pero hasta ahora no se ha realizado ningún estudio que valore si este efecto preventivo se produce en pacientes portadores de un catéter ureteral a nivel de la vía urinaria, que es el objetivo de este estudio. Material y métodos: Se trata de un ensayo prospectivo en el que se se comparó la tasa de ITU (urocultivo positivo) en 31 pacientes portadores de catéter doble J (JJ) y profilaxis con arándano rojo (120 mg) como adyuvante al tratamiento profiláctico habitual, con la tasa de ITU de 31 pacientes portadores de JJ que solo recibieron profilaxis habitual. Resultados: La caracterización de los pacientes no encontró diferencias significativas entre los 2 grupos. En el análisis de los factores de riesgo y la aparición de ITU, únicamente las variables tratamiento con arándano y tiempo de permanencia del JJ mostraron diferencias significativas. El tiempo de permanencia del catéter fue mayor en aquellos pacientes con ITU, 35,9 respecto a 28,5 días (p = 0,03), y el grupo tratado con arándano mostró un porcentaje de ITU menor que aquellos que no recibieron arándano, 12,9 y 38,7%, respectivamente (p = 0,04). Conclusiones. Podemos concluir que el arándano (120 mg) tiene un efecto adyuvante en la prevención de la ITU en pacientes portadores de JJ tras la cirugía


Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most frequent complications after urinary tract surgical procedures, mainly when catheter placement is necessary. Although the use of American cranberry has been related with a reduced risk of UTI, there is no study reporting the value of its prevention effect against catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Material and methods: A prospective trial comparing UTI rate (positive urine culture) among 31 patients with double J catheter (JJ) and adding American cranberry (120 mg) in routine prophylactic therapy, and 31 patients with JJ catheter only receiving routine prophylactic therapy. Results: Regarding general characteristics of the populations no significant difference among groups have been found. Only significant differences have been observed when the variables “cranberry treatment” and “dwell time of JJ catheter” were related. “Dwell time of JJ catheter” was higher in patients with UTI (35.9 compared 28.5 days [P = .03]). UTI percentage was lower in cranberry supplemented patient group (12.9 compared to 38.7% [P = .04]). Conclusions: We can conclude that American cranberry (120 mg) has an adjuvant effect in the prevention of UTI in patients with JJ catheter after surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Phytotherapy , Catheter-Related Infections/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Proanthocyanidins/therapeutic use , Urinary Catheterization/adverse effects , Vaccinium macrocarpon , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
3.
Actas Urol Esp ; 39(2): 112-7, 2015 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25204992

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most frequent complications after urinary tract surgical procedures, mainly when catheter placement is necessary. Although the use of American cranberry has been related with a reduced risk of UTI, there is no study reporting the value of its prevention effect against catheter-associated urinary tract infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective trial comparing UTI rate (positive urine culture) among 31 patients with double J catheter (JJ) and adding American cranberry (120 mg) in routine prophylactic therapy, and 31 patients with JJ catheter only receiving routine prophylactic therapy. RESULTS: Regarding general characteristics of the populations no significant difference among groups have been found. Only significant differences have been observed when the variables "cranberry treatment" and "dwell time of JJ catheter" were related. "Dwell time of JJ catheter" was higher in patients with UTI (35.9 compared 28.5 days [P=.03]). UTI percentage was lower in cranberry supplemented patient group (12.9 compared to 38.7% [P=.04]). CONCLUSIONS: We can conclude that American cranberry (120 mg) has an adjuvant effect in the prevention of UTI in patients with JJ catheter after surgery.


Subject(s)
Catheter-Related Infections/drug therapy , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Proanthocyanidins/therapeutic use , Urinary Catheterization/adverse effects , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Vaccinium macrocarpon , Adult , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
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