ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Estudiar los hábitos alimentarios en un grupo de pacientes con trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) en tratamiento con metilfenidato de liberación prolongada (MTF-LP). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Encuesta nutricional (consumo de alimentos de 3 días consecutivos) a 150 pacientes con TDAH (100 varones y 50 mujeres) en tratamiento con MTF-LP, y a 150 sujetos sanos de la misma edad (grupo control). Se han comparado la ingesta de alimentos y nutrientes y el estado nutricional entre ambos grupos. RESULTADOS: La dosis media de MTF-LP era de 1,02 mg/kg/día. En el grupo con TDAH el estado nutricional era significativamente inferior (p < 0,05). La ingesta de cereales, carnes, legumbres y frutas era significativamente inferior (p < 0,05) en el grupo con TDAH. El aporte calórico del almuerzo, comida del mediodía y merienda era significativamente superior (p < 0,05) en el grupo control; mientras que el aporte calórico de la cena era significativamente superior (p < 0,05) en el grupo con TDAH. En el grupo control el aporte calórico y de proteínas, hidratos de carbono, grasas y fibra, calcio, hierro, magnesio, cinc, selenio y fósforo, tiamina, niacina, vitamina B6 y folatos era significativamente superior (p < 0,05) respecto al grupo TDAH. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento con MTF-LP modifica sustancialmente la distribución porcentual del aporte calórico de las distintas ingestas diarias. El aporte calórico y de nutrientes en los pacientes en tratamiento con MTF-LP es, en general, inferior al de la población sana de la misma edad. Habría que considerar la necesidad de impartir, simultáneamente con el tratamiento multimodal, programas de educación nutricional a estos pacientes y/o sus familias
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dietary patterns in a group of patients diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and under treatment with extended-release methylphenidate (MPH-ER).MATERIAL AND METHODS: A nutrition survey (food intake recall for three consecutive days) was carried out on 100 patients diagnosed with ADHD and under treatment with MPH-ER, and in 150healthy children (control group). Calorie and nutrient intake, as well as nutrition status, were evaluated and compared in both groups. RESULTS: The mean MPH-ER dose was 1.02 mg/kg/day. Nutritional status in the ADHD group was significantly lower (P < .05) than in control group. The consumption of cereals, meat, pulses and fruits in the control group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in ADHD group. Calorie intake in the mid-morning snack, lunch and afternoon snack was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the control group. Calorie intake at supper was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the ADHD group. Total calorie intake, as well as protein, carbohydrates, fat, fibre, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, selenium and phosphorous, thiamine, niacin, vitamin B6 and folate intake in the control group was significantly higher than in ADHD group. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with MPH-ER substantially modifies the percentage distribution of calorie intake of the different meals. The daily calorie and nutrients intake in patients under treatment with MPH-ER is, generally, lower than in the healthy population of a similar age. Nutrition education should be provided, along with multimodal treatment, to the patients and/or their families
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diet therapy , Feeding Behavior , Methylphenidate/therapeutic use , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use , Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
El síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible, previamente conocido como leucoencefalopatía posterior reversible, es una entidad manifestada clínicamente por cefalea, disminución del nivel de conciencia, convulsiones y alteraciones visuales, y radiológicamente como edema cerebral, predominantemente de la sustancia blanca de regiones parietooccipitales en la resonancia magnética. Son múltiples las situaciones que pueden desencadenar el cuadro. Exponemos 5 casos de pacientes oncológicos, 4 de ellos con leucemia linfoblástica aguda, que desarrollaron el síndrome cuando se encontraban bajo tratamiento quimioterápico. Un diagnóstico precoz y un adecuado tratamiento de la hipertensión y las convulsiones son la base para evitar la aparición de secuelas en estos pacientes
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, previously known as Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, is a clinical-radiological condition characterized by headache, altered mental functioning, seizures and visual alterations, with the magnetic resonance imaging showing cerebral edema, predominantly in the white matter with posterior distribution. Multiple clinical conditions can act as triggers. We present five oncology patients, four of them with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, receiving chemotherapy when they presented with this pathology. A prompt diagnosis, an appropriate therapy for hypertension, and a rapid control of the seizures are the keys to avoiding sequelae
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Leukoencephalopathies/chemically induced , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Brain Edema/chemically induced , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Intracranial Hypertension/etiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dietary patterns in a group of patients diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and under treatment with extended-release methylphenidate (MPH-ER). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A nutrition survey (food intake recall for three consecutive days) was carried out on 100 patients diagnosed with ADHD and under treatment with MPH-ER, and in 150 healthy children (control group). Calorie and nutrient intake, as well as nutrition status, were evaluated and compared in both groups. RESULTS: The mean MPH-ER dose was 1.02 mg/kg/day. Nutritional status in the ADHD group was significantly lower (P < .05) than in control group. The consumption of cereals, meat, pulses and fruits in the control group was significantly higher (P < .05) than in ADHD group. Calorie intake in the mid-morning snack, lunch and afternoon snack was significantly higher (P < .05) in the control group. Calorie intake at supper was significantly higher (P < .05) in the ADHD group. Total calorie intake, as well as protein, carbohydrates, fat, fibre, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, selenium and phosphorous, thiamine, niacin, vitamin B6 and folate intake in the control group was significantly higher than in ADHD group. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with MPH-ER substantially modifies the percentage distribution of calorie intake of the different meals. The daily calorie and nutrients intake in patients under treatment with MPH-ER is, generally, lower than in the healthy population of a similar age. Nutrition education should be provided, along with multimodal treatment, to the patients and/or their families.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Diet , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use , Child , Delayed-Action Preparations , Female , Humans , Male , Methylphenidate/therapeutic use , Nutrition SurveysABSTRACT
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, previously known as Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, is a clinical-radiological condition characterized by headache, altered mental functioning, seizures and visual alterations, with the magnetic resonance imaging showing cerebral edema, predominantly in the white matter with posterior distribution. Multiple clinical conditions can act as triggers. We present five oncology patients, four of them with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, receiving chemotherapy when they presented with this pathology. A prompt diagnosis, an appropriate therapy for hypertension, and a rapid control of the seizures are the keys to avoiding sequelae.
