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1.
Am J Infect Control ; 30(1): 8-14, 2002 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11852410

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The teaching of infection control (IC) was introduced at dental schools in Mexico during the 1990s. A 1992 survey indicated that some dentists had limited access to current IC standards. Deficient knowledge of bloodborne pathogens may influence dentists' attitudes about infected individuals and reduce compliance with IC recommendations. OBJECTIVE: To update the 1992 appraisal of attitudes about persons infected with HIV or the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and IC knowledge and practices in a nonrepresentative sample of dentists in Mexico City. METHOD: One hundred eighty dentists were interviewed in 1999 (response rate, 84.1%) with the same methods used in 1992. RESULTS: Seventy-nine percent of respondents perceived the risk of HIV infection as "considerable" to "very strong." The risk of HBV infection was considered higher than that of HIV. Only 32% of respondents had not been immunized against HBV. Reported use of personal protective equipment remained high. Dry heat was the preferred method for sterilization in 1992, but by 1999 it had been displaced by steam under pressure. Reported preference for more effective disinfectants was also evident overall. CONCLUSIONS: We found certain improvements in IC knowledge and practices between 1992 and 1999, and the results suggest targets for educational and regulatory efforts that are needed to promote better adherence to current IC standards.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Dentists/psychology , HIV Infections/prevention & control , HIV Infections/transmission , Infection Control, Dental/methods , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control , Adult , Dental Disinfectants , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Mexico , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Patología ; 34(4): 295-301, oct.-dic. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-192346

ABSTRACT

Para determinar el comportamiento fagocítico de macrófagos en función del tamaño de partícula fagocitada, se cultivaron macrófagos peritoneales de ratón CBA in vitro durante 4, 24, 48, 72 y 96 h. Posteriormente se les incubó con partículas de látex opsonizadas (cinco grupos con partículas de 2, 6, 10, 15 y 25 µm de diámetro). En en grupo de 2 µg, 70.1 por ciento+ 5.7 de los macrófagos fagocitó las partículas, decreciendo progresivamente esta proporción (6 µm, 54.5 por ciento+ 4.9; 10 µm, 25.5 por ciento+ 6.6) hasta el grupo de 15 µm (0.33 por ciento + 0.2). La fagocitosis estuvo inversamente correlacionada al tamaño de las partículas (r=-0.9). No hubo fagocitosis en el ensayo de 25 µm. Mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido se pudo observar que en todos los grupos se estableció un contacto entre partículas de látex y macrófagos. En todos los grupos hubo liberación de lisozima, encontrándose que una mayor liberación estuvo asociada a un tamaño de partícula más grande (r=0.91). Nuestros resultados apoyan el concepto de que la fagocitosis está limitada por el tamaño de la partícula y que el contacto con éstas provoca degranulación, fenómeno que puede dar lugar a la muerte de organismo (p.ej., bacterias) cuando son atacados por enzimas liberadas por los macrófagos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Bacterial Adhesion , Cell Degranulation , Culture Media , Immunoglobulin G , Latex , Macrophages , Mice , Phagocytosis
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