Determination of Compassion Levels of Nurses Working at a University Hospital.

This study was conducted to determine the compassion levels of nurses working in a university hospital. The study sample consists of 227 nurses who were available and participated in the research voluntarily during the study. The study data were collected by using "Nurse Description Form" and "Compassion Scale (CS)." In the analysis of the study data, number, percentage, mean and independent T test and ANOVA test were used. The total mean score of CS of the nurses was found as 97.02 ± 10.67. There was no statistically significant difference between gender, marital status and weekly work hours of the nurses and their total CS score means and total sub-scale score means. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference between the age variable of the nurses and the sub-scale of "separation," between the education level of the nurses and their total CS score means. As a result, it was found that the level of compassion of the nurses was moderate and the level of education affected the compassion levels of the nurses.

The short- and long-term effectiveness of transcatheter arterial embolization in patients with intractable hematuria.

PURPOSE: Selective transarterial embolization (TAE) of the internal iliac artery is a well-known alternative technique to control intractable bladder hemorrhage (IBH). We explored the short- and long-term effectiveness of, and clinical outcomes after, TAE in patients with IBH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the hospital records of 18 IBH patients non-responsive to conservative medications who underwent TAE between January 2003 and May 2014. The early- and long-term effectiveness of TAE was investigated in the context of hematuria control, complications, mortality, requirement for blood transfusions, and hematocrit level. RESULTS: Sixteen of the 18 patients underwent endovascular treatment; the technical success rate was 88%. TAE allowed complete remission in 16 patients (100% clinical success). On follow-up, mean hematocrit (P=0.003) and hemoglobin (P=0.005) levels significantly improved. Thirteen of the 16 patients (81%) required no further emergency admission after TAE during a mean follow-up period of 18.1months (range, 3-105months). CONCLUSION: TAE is a feasible, effective, and safe technique in both the short- and long-term for the treatment of IBH.

[Detection of HIV-1 antigen--determination using 3 different test systems]. / Der Nachweis von HIV-1-Antigen--Bestimmung mit Hilfe von drei verschiedenen Testsystemen.

51 human sera containing antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus 1 (= HIV-1) were examined for HIV-1-antigen by three different enzyme immunoassay procedures (= EIA) of Abbott, Organon and Dupont. Sensibilities, handling as well as the correlation with the clinical stages of HIV-infection were compared. The EIA's diagnosed in accordance 6 sera which contained HIV-1-antigen and 42 sera to be HIV-1-antigen negative. 3 sera showed differences: according to the EIA of Organon none of these sera contained HIV-1-antigen, the EIA of Abbott (but not of Dupont) analysed HIV-1-antigen in one of these sera, in the other two sera only the EIA of Dupont showed HIV-1-Antigen. It is concluded that the differences in these 3 serum samples may originate not only in the different types of EIA used (indirect/direct procedure) but also in the different capture antibodies provided (antibodies against p-24 antigen or polyvalent antibodies).

[IgM antibodies to toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in human sera and human immunoglobulins]. / IgM-Antikörper gegen das Toxic-shock Syndrom Toxin-1 in Humanseren und Human-Immunglobulinen.

IgM antibodies against toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) in 1990 human sera and in 14 human immunoglobulin preparations were determined using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. High levels of IgM antibody titres could be found beginning with the third month of life within the first 5 years of age. They were also very common in the age group of 21 up to 25 years. In no case of IgM antibodies with titres higher than 1:251 symptoms could be observed as described for toxic shock syndrome. Of the human immunoglobulin preparations, Pentaglobin contained IgM antibodies against TSST-1 only. The results show that most of the infections with TSST-1 producing Staphylococcus aureus are of subclinical nature or are of less dramatic course than the commonly known toxic shock syndrome.

Measurement of the response of HELA cells towards the radiomimetic activity of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.

The sensitivity of HeLa cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle towards the radiomimetic activity of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (Kinzel et al. (1980) Science, 210, 429-431) has been utilized to establish dose response relationships. This was accomplished by analysis of mitotic curves and determination of cells not affected, a measurement known to be dose dependent in the case of very low X-ray doses. Half maximal activity was exerted by TPA at approximately 5 X 10(-9) M concentration. Mechanistically, however, TPA seems to exert its activity through a route different from that of X-rays or other radiomimetic drugs for 2 reasons: (1) the cellular response does not increase proportionally with dose; (2) cells recover from G2 blockage even in the presence of TPA. Therefore it appears as if the tumor promoter acts indirectly by triggering an exhaustable cellular activity which leads to the radiomimetic response.