ABSTRACT
T-2 toxin is one of the mycotoxins, a group of type A trichothecenes produced by several fungal genera including Fusarium species, which may lead to the decrease of testosterone secretion in primary Leydig cells derived from mouse testis. The previous study demonstrated T-2 toxin decrease the testosterone biosynthesis in the primary Leydig cells derived from the mouse testis directly. In this study, we further examined the direct biological effects of T-2 toxin on the process of steroidogenesis, primarily in Leydig cells of mice. Leydig cells of mature mouse were purified by Percoll gradient centrifugation and the cell purity was determined by 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3ß-HSD) staining. To examine the decrease in T-2 toxin-induced testosterone secretion, we measured the transcription level of three key steroidogenic enzymes including 3ß-HSD-1, cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage (P450scc) enzyme, and steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein in T-2 toxin/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) co-treated cells. Our previous study showed that T-2 toxin (10(-7), 10(-8), and 10(-9) M) significantly suppressed hCG (10 ng/ml)-induced testosterone secretion. The studies demonstrated that the suppressive effect is correlated with a decrease in the level of transcription of 3ß-HSD-1, P450scc, and StAR (p < 0.05).
Subject(s)
17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/metabolism , Leydig Cells/drug effects , Leydig Cells/metabolism , T-2 Toxin/toxicity , 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/analysis , 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/genetics , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Centrifugation , Leydig Cells/enzymology , Male , Mice , Phosphoproteins/analysis , Phosphoproteins/genetics , Phosphoproteins/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/analysis , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolismABSTRACT
Magnetic bioactive glass-ceramics (M GC) were prepared by doping apatite-wollastonite glass-ceramic (A-W GC) with Mn-Zn ferrite. The effect of different contents of Mn-Zn ferrite on the phase structure, magnetic property and bioactivity of A-W GC was investigated. X-ray powder diffraction results showed that A-W GC exhibited apatite, fluorapatite and wollastonite as the main phases. The doping of Mn-Zn ferrite caused the formation of a new phase Zn(0.75)Mn(0.75)Fe(1.5)O(4) in M GC. The amount of this new phase increased with increasing content of Mn-Zn ferrite. Under a magnetic field of 7.96 x 10(5) A m(-1), the saturation magnetization of M GC increased from 4.63 to 9.7 A m(2) kg(-1), but the coercive forces of M GC decreased from 2.39 x 10(4) to 7.56 x 10(3) A m(-1) as the Mn-Zn ferrite content increased from 5% to 20% in the material. The bioactivity of samples was evaluated by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results showed that the doping of Mn-Zn ferrite decreased the bioactivity of A-W GC dramatically. It took 7 days for an apatite layer to form on the surface of A-W GC, while at least 30 days was needed for an apatite layer forming on the surface of M GC.
