ABSTRACT
In this work, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings were produced on AA7075 using alkaline solution containing silicates compounds and silver micrometric particles in order to give to the coating an antimicrobial effect. In the optic of circular economy, silver chloride derived from the acid pre-treatment of electronic scraps was used as raw material and successively silver powders were synthesized from silver chloride solution using glucose syrup as reducing agent. The coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), potentiodynamic polarization test and antimicrobial tests. The results evidenced that the obtained coatings were homogenous and give to the samples higher corrosion resistance than untreated alloy. The silver particles, found both inside and outside of the pores that characterize the PEO layer, produced an efficacious antimicrobial effect both against E. coli and S. aureus.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry , Escherichia coli/growth & development , Plasma Gases/chemistry , Silver/chemistry , Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development , Oxidation-Reduction , Silver Compounds/chemistryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the value of upper and lower pharyngeal depth among patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion on lateral cephalograms, as well as to examine the relationship between SNA, SNB, and ANB angles, along with Wits appraisal and the cross-sectional value of upper airway space at the level of the soft palate and tongue base among patients with skeletal Class I and III. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material consisted of lateral cephalograms taken from 80 patients living in the Lubelskie voivodeship. The study group consisted of cephalograms of 50 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion (17 male and 33 female), whereas the control group consisted of 30 roentgenograms of patients with Class I malocclusion with proper jaw to mandible relation (14 maleand 16 female). The study and the control group shared no statistically significant differences considering basic sociographic data such as gender (chi = 1.267, p = 0.26)and age (U = 727.5, p = 0.82). The upper and lower pharyngeal depths were assessed with the use of McNamara's method. Spearman's rho test, Mann--Whitney's U test, and chi test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among both males and females the pharyngeal depths were greater considering patients with skeletal Class III in comparison to patients with Class Imalocclusion (p < 0.001). Furthermore, it was determined that the lower as well as the upper pharyngeal width is statistically significantly dependent on ANB and SNB angles and Wits appraisal (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pharyngeal width at the level of the soft palate and tongue base depends on skeletal class, namely ANB angle and Wits appraisal; it increases with the increase of SNB angle (forward movement of the mandible). The SNA angle (position of the maxilla) does not influence the anterior-posterior nasopharyngeal dimension.
Subject(s)
Malocclusion, Angle Class III/diagnostic imaging , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/diagnostic imaging , Pharynx/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/pathology , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/pathology , Pharynx/pathology , Radiography , Young AdultABSTRACT
Ultrasound scanning is based on biologic noninvasive use of high-frequency sonic vibration ultrasounds to obtain images of diagnostic relevance in vivo. Ultrasound scanning was used as an additional parameter in evaluation of healing of long bone fractures in patients treated by external fixation devices. Ultrasound image morphology is directly correlated to consolidation of fracture site and displays characteristic cuspid-like shapes in relationship to callus remodeling in response to axial forces. The intensity of reflected echo and the visualization of the longitudinal artifacts structure are significantly related to the calcification process of the periosteal apposition in relationship to healing time. Strain-recorded maximal values variations are synchronous with the variations of reflected echo demonstrating a correlation between the ultrasound image and mechanical status of external callus. In the current state-of-the-art, no quantitative evaluation of mechanical status of fracture site is possible by ultrasound technique alone.
Subject(s)
Bony Callus/diagnostic imaging , External Fixators , Fracture Healing/physiology , Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging , Fractures, Bone/physiopathology , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Humans , Stress, Mechanical , Time Factors , Ultrasonography , Weight-Bearing/physiologyABSTRACT
The long-term results of 21 patients treated with modular screw cementless hip prostheses are reported. An examination of periprosthetic osteogenesis and function evaluated by gait analysis revealed good incorporation of the prosthesis and good clinical results in all of the cases studied.
Subject(s)
Bone Cements , Bone Screws , Hip Prosthesis , Bone Screws/statistics & numerical data , Follow-Up Studies , Hip Prosthesis/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Osteogenesis , Prosthesis Design/statistics & numerical data , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
The authors compare the variations in the ultrasonographic and radiographic images with the strain gage values in long bone fractures treated by external fixation. The three test parameters were applied during the entire healing process of 239 fractures. There is a direct correlation between ultrasonographic changes and the calcification of the periosteal callus; there is also a correlation between the morphologic development visible on ultrasound and the stage of the callus. The strain gage values recorded were consistent with these variations.
