ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Tuberculosis of the sellar region, especially the pituitary gland, is rare. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate through a review of five clinical cases the value of imaging, especially MR imaging, in the evaluation of this pathology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: CT and MRI of the brain were obtained in all cases along with a chest radiograph. RESULTS: Four patterns were detected on MRI: pituitary tuberculoma mimicking adenoma; pituitary abscess, extending to the cavernous sinus in one case and associated with infundibulum thickening in another; hypophysitis with suprasellar extension in association with tuberculous meningoencephalitis; and infundibular thickening associated with tuberculous meningoencephalitis. Diagnosis was based on biopsy in two cases and combination of imaging and clinical data in three cases. Outcome was favorable with anti-tuberculosis drugs. CONCLUSION: Irrespective of the imaging features, a history of travel to an endemic region combined to other findings such as infundibular thickening should raise concern for the possibility of tuberculosis even in the absence of signs of systemic infection.
Subject(s)
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pituitary Diseases/diagnosis , Sella Turcica , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Young AdultSubject(s)
Lipomatosis/diagnostic imaging , Pelvis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pelvis/pathology , Radiography , SclerosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to present the role of embolization in the treatment of renal angiomyolipoma (AML) in cases of hemorrhage and to prevent bleeding. METHODS: Over a period of 10 years, 35 AMLs in 34 patients, recruited in two medical centers, were treated with embolization: 16/35 AML were treated urgently to stop bleeding, and 19/35 AML had preventive embolization. Six patients were completely asymptomatic and 13 had a history of previous hematoma or flank pain. Catheterization was highly selective in all cases (coaxial microcatheter in 19 cases), and for embolization we used nonresorbable microparticles, coils, and alcohol. RESULTS: When patients presented with acute bleeding, embolization was efficient in 80% of cases; another embolization was necessary in two cases, and surgery in two others. In six of these cases, surgery was planned and done at a later date. When treatment was preventive, one embolization was necessary in 17 cases, and two embolizations per case were necessary in the other two. Over a period of 18 months of follow-up, we observed a 28% decrease in tumor volume; four patients were treated by surgery at a later date. CONCLUSION: Embolization is the technique of choice to treat a bleeding AML urgently. When preventive treatment is considered, in symptomatic or asymptomatic AML, embolization can be an alternative for surgery, but more data is needed to specify its proper place in the management of these tumors.
Subject(s)
Angiomyolipoma/complications , Embolization, Therapeutic , Hemorrhage/etiology , Hemorrhage/therapy , Kidney Neoplasms/complications , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis is a rare clinical entity, most often associated with small cell lung cancer. We report a case of a 54-year-old man presenting status epilepticus, cognitive dysfunction and loss of short term memory associated with epidermoid lung carcinoma. CT scan was normal whereas MRI revealed hyperintensities on T2WI and FLAIR images in the temporolimbic regions. Treatment of the primary tumour was followed by neurological improvement.
