New report of Phoma glomerata on Coriandrum sativum L.

In 2011, coriander plants (Coriandrum sativum L.), showing symptoms of greyish to hell brown lesions with dark brown border between discoloured and asymptomatic tissues, were observed in Bulgaria. Pycnidia with small unicellular conidia appeared in the pale centre of the lesions. In this work, the identification of the causal agent of this disease was made applying Koch's postulates. Moreover, for a rapid and unambiguous identification of the fungal species, the internal transcribed spacers and the 5.8 rDNA gene (ITS1-5.8-ITS2) were amplified by PCR from DNA extracted from the isolated colonies. The amplicon was sequenced and analyzed using BLASTn, and showed a homology of 100% with a corresponding sequence of Phoma glomerata (accession number DQ093699). The fungus isolated, after the morphological and molecular characterization, was ascribed to the species Phoma glomerata (Corda) Wollenweber and Hochapfel. This is the first report of P. glomerata as agent of stem rot of coriander in Bulgaria and elsewhere.

[Choice of delivery method in multiple pregnancy. I. Twins]. / Izbor na metoda na rodozareshenie pri mnogoplodna bremennost I. Dvuplodna bremennost.

From 1995 till 1998 year 174 twin pregnancies were delivery at the SUH "Majchin Dome" in Sofia. The methods, applied for delivery was: per vies naturalis 78 (51, 32%) women (normal vaginal delivery 63 pregnancies, breech delivery--12, with vacuum extractor--2 and with forceps--1); by cesarean section was delivered 74 (48, 68%). The 80 pregnancies with premature delivery (under 37 g.w.) were delivered by: normal vaginal delivery--(55.13%) and cesean section--37 (50%). Indication for operative delivery were: irregular position--45, sterilitas primaria--13, EPH Gestosis--12, asphyxia intrpartum--9, previous cesarean section--3, luxatio coxe congentia--4, age over 31 years--4, abruptio placente--2, condilomata acuminata--2. We not find significant difference in experience on new-born depending on the method for delivery after 35 g.w. We find the best experience by new-born, delivered with cesarean section between 28-33 g.w. and 33-35 g.w. (50% and respectively 100%) compared to delivered per vies naturalis (43.75% and 86.36%). The authors consider the it is desirable liberation on indications for delivery with cesarean section by the twins between 28-35 g.w.

[Choice of delivery method in multiple pregnancy: twins, triplets and quadruplets]. / Izbor i metod na rodorazreshenie pri mnogoplodna bremennost - dve-, tri- i chetiriplodna bremennost.

From February 1996 tice May 1998 year 7 patients (5 with trigemini and 2 with quadrigemini) were delivery at the State University Hospital "Majchin Dome" The methods applied for delivery were: per vies naturalis--1 pregnancy with trigemini in 32 gestation wick and 1 spontaneous abortion due to hydramnions on guadrigemini in 23 g.w.; by cesarean section--4 pregnancies with trigemini in 29 g.w.--1, 32 g.w.--2 and in 36 g.w.--1 patients and 1 pregnancy with guadrigemini in 32 g.w. The trigemini delivery per vies naturalis was discharged from Hospital alive. From delivered by cesarean section (1 in 32 g.w. was fetus mortus), the rest--live, but this delivered in 29 g.w.--prematurely III and IV grade died up to 26 hour after delivery in spite off neonatal care. The remaining were discharged from Hospital alive. The guardigemini in 32 g.w. delivered by cesarean section were discharge from Hospital alive. The authors consider that by trigemini and quadrigemini after 32 g.w. the prefer method for delivery is cesarean section.

[The structure and analysis of neonatal mortality in twins in 1991-1995 at the State University Hospital Maternity Home, Sofia]. / Struktura i analiz na neonatalnata smurtnost pri bliznatsi za perioda 1991--1995 g. v DUB "Maichin dom"--Sofiia.

This is a retrospective study on all liveborn children that died in the neonatal period in the University Maternal Hospital, Sofia for a five year period of time. They are divided in two groups-twins and singletons. It is established that neonatal mortality rate as a whole is decreasing while that of twins is increasing. The early neonatal mortality rate of twins is 3.6-4.5 times higher than that of singletons. Inside the group of twins who died in the neonatal period, 63.64% are with birth weight below 1500 g, while in singletons this percentage is 37.07%. Main reasons for death of liveborn twins are respiratory distress syndrome, intracranial haemorrhages and intrapartal asphyxia followed by congenital malformations and inborn infections. Conclusions point out that multiple pregnancy is a high-risk delivery and to decrease the neonatal mortality rate of twins the collective efforts of obstetricians and neonatologists are needed.

[Our experience with the enteral feeding of low-birth weight infants]. / Nashiiat opit pri enteralno khranene na detsa, rodeni s nisko teglo.

A retrospective study is carried out on preterm babies born under 2000 grams who were treated in the intensive care unit of State Institute Hospital--Maichin dom for the period of 1990-1992. The aim of the study is to establish the optimal regime of nutrition for low birth weight infants using the experience in the Intensive Care Unit. The conclusion is made that preterm newborn babies in already stabilized condition have higher gain of weight if they begin to be fed earlier 8 times a day instead of 12 times a day.

[The diagnosis and treatment of lung barotrauma in newborn infants at risk]. / Diagnostika i lechenie na belodrobnite barotravmi pri riskovi novorodeni detsa.

Lung barotrauma (LBT) are some of the most frequent complications in the course of mechanical ventilation (MV) in risk newborn infants. The interstitial emphysema among them is the most frequent cause for development of chronic hung diseases, but the pneumothorax induces shock state, connected with high mortality. A retrospective analysis of the histories of the disease was carried out on 18 risk newborn infants with clinical and roentgenological data for pneumothorax. Blood gases and acid-base balance were examined before the incident as well as at definite intervals after drainage of extra-alveolar air. There were considerable deviations. The results indicate considerably better prognosis of the disease, when the drainage is put immediately after establishment of the clinical diagnosis. Mortality is high, when the drainage of pneumothorax is put after the first hour.