ABSTRACT
We report four cases of tardive dyskinesia (TD) with second generation antipsychotics (SGA). All of those cases where women, three of them had affective psychosis. The presentation of TD where choreo athetosis in one case, respiratory dyskinesia in another and a tardive dystonia in a third. The fourth one had a very precocious form after just a few weeks of treatment. All of them, except one, had a major form of the disorder, with a major impact on their quality of live. We discuss the necessity to remain aware of this dangerous side effect and to keep it in mind while prescribing SGA for bipolar disorders.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
This paper aims to review current knowledge on risk factors leading to burn-out of general practitioners, who are particularly concerned by burn-out, as 50% of them are being more or less affected. This article is based on bibliographic research covering literature between 1975 and 2010, using PUB MED software, medical books and articles. 44 articles were selected as dealing well with the aspects of the burn-out reviewed here. It seems established that stress precedes burnout symptoms. Theories investigating relationships between stress and work are presented. Exogenic stress (load and organization of work, emotional interaction with the patient, constraints, lack of recognition, conflicts between private and professional life) interacts with endogenous stress (idealism, (too much) acute feeling of responsibility, mood disorder, difficulty in collaborating, character, personality). Burn-out symptoms would appear preferentially when these two stresses coexist. Despite the wealth of publications, there is still a lack of knowledge of the causes of burn-out, requiring therefore increased research efforts, in order to improve the implementation of preventive measures, beneficial to the doctors as well as to their patients.
