In situ grown Ni phosphide nanowire array on Ni foam as a high-performance catalyst for hydrazine electrooxidation.

Synthesis of high-performance and cost-effective electrocatalysts towards hydrazine electrooxidation is vital to develop the direct hydrazine fuel cell (DHFC) as a viable energy conversion technology. Herein, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study of nickel phosphides (NixP) as promising catalysts for hydrazine electrooxidation. NixP nanowire array supported on a Ni foam (NF) was synthesized by a one-step phosphorization method using hypophosphite as a P-source. Ni12P5 and Ni2P phases are observed as the products of the direct phosphorization of commercial NF under the applied conditions with Ni2P nanoparticles exclusively distributing on the surface of Ni12P5. The NixP/NF catalyst exhibits a synergetic capabilities of exceptionally high activity, excellent durability and nearly 100% selectivity towards the complete electrooxidation of hydrazine in alkaline condition, which is among the best performance reported on hydrazine electrooxidation catalysts. First-principles calculations have been conducted to gain insight into the catalytic mechanism of Ni phosphides towards hydrazine electrooxidation.

Tuning the Surface Composition of Ni/meso-CeO2 with Iridium as an Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogen Generation from Hydrous Hydrazine.

Selective decomposition of hydrous hydrazine (N2 H4 ⋅H2 O) over metal catalysts provides a promising means for onboard or portable hydrogen source applications. Studies on N2 H4 ⋅H2 O decomposition catalysts mainly focus on the effects of bulk composition and structure on their performances, instead of the surface-composition-dependent properties. Herein, the synthesis of an Ir-modified Ni/meso-CeO2 catalyst is reported by using a combination of colloidal solution combustion synthesis and galvanic replacement methods. A combination of structural characterization, control experiments, and DFT calculations reveals that the Ni-Ir alloy resulting from calcination treatment exerts a profound effect on the catalytic properties. The resulting Ni@Ni-Ir/meso-CeO2 catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance towards hydrogen generation from N2 H4 ⋅H2 O, which compares favorably with the Ni-Ir bimetallic catalysts reported to date.

Evaluation of the ocular surface in the patients after strabismus surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM:To evaluate the ocular surface in the patients after strabismus surgery. ·METHODS: One hundred and eighty-eight hospitalized patients (240 eyes) with strabismus from May 2015 to October 2016 in Aier Hospital were divided into 3 groups according to the type of incision:85 cases(100 eyes) with the corneal limbus incision in Group A;35 cases(50 eyes) with the cross-muscle incision in Group B; 68 cases (90 eyes) with the adjacent-fornix incision (including Parks incisions and improved Parks incisions) in Group C. And 75 eyes with single extraoeular muscle surgery, 110 eyes with 2 extraoeular muscle surgery, 55 cases with 3 extraoeular muscle surgery. The first noninvasive tear film break-up time (NITBUTf) and the tear meniscus height (TMH) were tested by Oculus anterior segment analyzer preoperatively and 1d, 1, 2 and 4wk postoperatively. The data were studied by statistics. · RESULTS: Comparing with preoperative, TMH increased significantly at post-operatively 1d in all group, NIKBUTf reduced significantly(P<0.05). NIKBUTf was recovered in Group A at post-operative 2wk. NIKBUTf were recovered in Group B and C at post-operative 1wk. TMH were recovered in Group A and B at post-operative 2wk. TMH was recovered in Group C at post-operative 1wk. NIKBUTf and TMH were recovered with the single extraoeular muscle surgery at post-operative 1wk. They were recovered at post-operative 2wk with the 2 and 3 extraoeular muscle surgery. ·CONCLUSION: Surgical incision and surgical muscle number may affect the ocular surface of the people after strabismus surgery. The adjacent fornix conjunctival incision has less effect. The less number of muscles in strabismus surgery,the less effect on ocular surface.

Highly Dispersed Platinum on Honeycomb-like NiO@Ni Film as a Synergistic Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Platinum (Pt) is well-known as the best-performing catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but its practical application is severely hindered by its prohibitively high cost and problematic performance in alkaline electrolyte. Herein, we report that the issues of intrinsic activity and cost concern of Pt can be simultaneously addressed by employing a combination of concerted catalysis and nanoengineering strategies. Motivated by our density functional theory (DFT) calculations that the cooperative catalysis between Pt and NiO would lead to a better HER activity in comparison to Pt solely in alkaline solution, we successfully synthesized a Pt/NiO@Ni/NF nanocomposite catalyst by depositing highly dispersed Pt nanoclusters/nanoparticles on a honeycomb-like NiO@Ni film supported on Ni foam (NF). The resulting Pt/NiO@Ni/NF catalyst outperforms the commercial Pt/C catalyst with a high and stable HER activity in alkaline solution and, more impressively, with an economical Pt content as low as ∼0.1 mg cm-2.

Complete and Rapid Conversion of Hydrazine Monohydrate to Hydrogen over Supported Ni-Pt Nanoparticles on Mesoporous Ceria for Chemical Hydrogen Storage.

The development of active, selective, and robust catalysts is a key issue in promoting the practical application of hydrazine monohydrate (N2 H4 ⋅H2 O) as a viable hydrogen carrier. Herein, the synthesis of a supported Ni-Pt bimetallic nanocatalyst on mesoporous ceria by a one-pot evaporation-induced self-assembly method is reported. The catalyst exhibits exceptionally high catalytic activity, 100 % selectivity, and satisfactory stability in promoting H2 generation from an alkaline solution of N2 H4 ⋅H2 O at moderate temperatures. For example, the Ni60 Pt40 /CeO2 catalyst enabled complete decomposition of N2 H4 ⋅H2 O to generate H2 at a rate of 293 h(-1) at 30 °C in the presence of 2 M NaOH, which compares favorably with the reported N2 H4 ⋅H2 O decomposition catalysts. Phase/structural analysis by XRD, TEM, and Auger electron spectroscopy was conducted to gain insight into the excellent catalytic performance of the Ni-Pt/CeO2 catalyst.

[Effects of androgen on microstructure and mechanics nature of bone in orchiechtomied male rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of androgen on microstructure and mechanics nature of bone in orchiechtomied (ORX) male rats and reveal its mechanism by using the Micro CT analysis, bone biomechanics test, bone histomorphometric parameter test, and total body bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiomery (DXA). METHODS: Thirty 12-month-old male Wister rats were randomly divided into three groups including ORX, sham-operated (Sham) and androgen (AD) group, ten rats in every group. Total body BMD was measured by DXA. Femurs and vertebrae were then harvested at the 12 th week after ORX for micro-computed tomography (Micro CT), histology and biomechanical were tested. RESULTS: The administration of testosterone may reverse the decreasing BMD of total body and may prevent the decreasing weight. The biomechanical values of Maximum load, Enery, Maximum stress, Elastic Modulus of AD group significantly enhanced compared with ORX group (P < 0.05). The results of histomorphometric parameters showed that cancellous bone volume, osteoblast-osteoid interface, linear extent of bone formation, mineralizing surfaces, mineral apposition rate increased in the therapy group. CONCLUSION: Androgen can accelerate cancellous bone formation and bone turnover, improve bone microstructure and enhance bone intensity and BMD.