Topology Optimization Method of Stamping Structures Based on the Directional Density Field.

The stamping process produces thin-walled structures that, in general, have uniform wall thickness and no enclosed cavity. However, it is difficult to satisfy the above geometric requirements with the current density-based topology optimization method, since configuring the related geometric constraints is challenging. In order to solve this problem, a topology optimization method for stamping structures based on a directional density field is proposed. Specifically, the directional density field is developed to enable the adding and removing of materials only along the stamping direction, so as to avoid internal voids and concave features. The geometric control for uniform wall thickness is realized by tuning the truncation threshold of the Heaviside projection that processes the directional density field into the 0-1 binary field. At the same time, a calibrated filter radius of the truncation thresholds will facilitate the drawing angle control of the stamping ribs. The effectiveness of the established method has been verified by a number of numerical case studies. Results show that the proposed method can perform topology optimization for stamping structures with tunable uniform thickness and drawing angle control of the ribs. No internal voids or undercuts appear in the results. The results also disclose that a constant truncation threshold increment does not guarantee uniform wall thickness, and varying the threshold increments through surface offset and polynomial fitting is necessary.

Preparation of Epoxy Resin with Disulfide-Containing Curing Agent and Its Application in Self-Healing Coating.

Intrinsic self-healing polymers via dynamic covalent bonds have been attracting extensive attention because of their repeatable self-healing property. Herein, a novel self-healing epoxy resin was synthesized with disulfide-containing curing agent via the condensation of dimethyl 3,3'-dithiodipropionate (DTPA) and polyether amine (PEA). Therefore, in the structure of cured resin, flexible molecular chains and disulfide bonds were imported into the cross-linked polymer networks for triggering self-healing performance. The self-healing reaction of cracked samples was realized under a mild condition (60 °C for 6 h). The distribution of flexible polymer segments, disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonds in cross-linked networks plays a great role in the self-healing process of prepared resins. The molar ratio of PEA and DTPA strongly affects the mechanical performance and self-healing property. Especially when that molar ratio of PEA to DTPA is 2, the cured self-healing resin sample showed great ultimate elongation (795%) and excellent healing efficiency (98%). The products can be used as an organic coating, in which the crack could self-repair during a limited time. The corrosion resistance of a typical cure coating sample has been testified by an immersion experiment and electrochemistry impedance spectrum (EIS). This work provided a simple and low-cost route to prepare a self-healing coating for prolonging the service life of conventional epoxy coatings.

Chitosan-Grafted Carbon Oxynitride Nanoparticles: Investigation of Photocatalytic Degradation and Antibacterial Activity.

In this work, a series of chitosan (CS)-grafted carbon oxynitride (OCN) nanoparticles (denoted as CS-OCN) were successfully synthesized for the first time by thermal polycondensation and subsequent esterification. The structure and photocatalytic performance of CS-OCN nanoparticles were investigated. The XPS spectra of CS-OCN-3 showed the presence of amino bonds. The optimal photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the synthesized CS-OCN-3 could reach 94.3% within 390 min, while the photocurrent response intensity was about 150% more than that of pure OCN. The improved photocatalytic performance may be mainly attributed to the enhanced photogenerated carrier's separation and transportation and stronger visible light response after CS grafting. In addition, the inhibition diameter of CS-OCN-3 reached 23 mm against E. coli within 24 h under visible light irradiation, exhibiting excellent photocatalytic bactericidal ability. The results of bacterial inhibition were supported by absorbance measurements (OD600) studies of E. coli. In a word, this work provided a rational design of an efficient novel metal-free photocatalyst to remove bacterial contamination and accelerate the degradation of organic dyes.

High-conductivity thiocyanate ionic liquid interface engineering for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

A high-conductivity thiocyanate ionic liquid (EMIMSCN) was introduced into perovskite solar cells for the first time. The high conductivity of EMIMSCN ensures an adequate supply of free SCN- anions and EMIM+ cations, so as to multifunctionally passivate the I vacancy and Pb-I antisite defects and realize an optimized interfacial energy level. Consequently, the devices with EMIMSCN treatment achieve a high PCE of 22.55% with substantial enhancement in stability. This simple and efficient strategy provides new insights into the selection of passivation agents for efficient and stable PSCs.

Robust Self-Assembled Molecular Passivation for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells.

Defect passivation via post-treatment of perovskite films is an effective method to fabricate high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the passivation durability is still an issue due to the weak and vulnerable bonding between passivating functional groups and perovskite defect sites. Here we propose a cholesterol derivative self-assembly strategy to construct crosslinked and compact membranes throughout perovskite films. These supramolecular membranes act as a robust protection layer against harsh operational conditions while providing effective passivation of defects from surface toward inner grain boundaries. The resultant PSCs exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 23.34 % with an impressive open-circuit voltage of 1.164 eV. The unencapsulated devices retain 92 % of their initial efficiencies after 1600 h of storage under ambient conditions, and remain almost unchanged after heating at 85 °C for 500 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, showing significantly improved stability.

The Feasibility of Targeted Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoagent for Noninvasive IgA Nephropathy Diagnosis.

IgA nephropathy is the most common glomerular disease in the world and has become a serious threat to human health. Accurate and non-invasive molecular imaging to detect and recognize the IgA nephropathy is critical for the subsequent timely treatment; otherwise, it may progress to end-stage renal disease and lead to glomerular dysfunction. In this study, we have developed a sensitive, specific, and biocompatible integrin αvß3-targeted superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) for the noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of integrin αvß3, which is overexpressed in glomerular mesangial region of IgA nephropathy. The rat model of IgA nephropathy was successfully established and verified by biochemical tests and histological staining. Meanwhile, the clinical 18F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 probe molecule was utilized to visualize and further confirmed the IgA nephropathy in vivo via positron emission computed tomography. Subsequently, the Fe3O4 NPs were conjugated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) molecules (Fe3O4-RGD), and their integrin αvß3-targeted T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) potential has been carefully evaluated. The Fe3O4-RGD demonstrated great relaxation in vivo. The T2WI signal of renal layers in the targeted group at 3 h after intravenous injection of Fe3O4-RGD was distinctly lower than baseline, indicating MRI signal decreased in the established IgA nephropathy rat model. Moreover, the TEM characterization and Prussian blue staining confirmed that the Fe3O4-RGD was located at the region of glomerulus and tubular interstitium. Moreover, no obvious signal decreased was detected in the untargeted Fe3O4 treated and normal groups. Collectively, our results establish the possibility of Fe3O4-RGD serving as a feasible MRI agent for the noninvasive diagnosis of IgA nephropathy.

Aspartame and sucralose extend the lifespan and improve the health status of C. elegans.

Aspartame (ASP) and sucralose (SUC) are non-nutritive sweeteners which are widely consumed worldwide. They are considered safe for human consumption, but their effects on certain physiological aspects, such as the lifespan or health status, of the organism have not yet been studied in depth and only limited data are available in the literature. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of ASP and SUC on the lifespan and health indexes using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a model system. Interestingly, it was shown that at the concentrations tested, ASP (0.03-3 mg mL-1) showed an increasing trend of the mean lifespan of C. elegans, with a significant increase of 27.6% compared to the control at 3 mg mL-1. Similarly, SUC (ranging from 0.03 to 10 mg mL-1) also significantly increased the mean lifespan by 20.3% and 22.3% at 0.03 and 0.3 mg mL-1, respectively. However, 10 mg mL-1 SUC had a negative effect on the lifespan, though it did not reach a statistically significant level. In addition, ASP and SUC decreased lipofuscin accumulation and transiently improved motility, indicating improved health status. Nonetheless, they had different effects on food intake and intestinal fat deposition (IFD) at different intervals of time. Taken together, our findings revealed that ASP and SUC can prolong the lifespan and improve the health status of C. elegans.

Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of silver ion tubing on dental unit waterlines.

PURPOSE: To assess the antimicrobial effects of silver ion tubing (ST) on dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) and their sustainability over time. METHODS: Six dental chair units (DCUs) equipped with ST and four with common tubing (CT) were included in the study. Repeated flushing with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was conducted to dislodge biofilms. Then, genetic analysis of the PBS was performed. The tubing was also detached and scanned under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the adherent biofilm on the lumen walls. RESULTS: Low bacterial levels were noted in both the CT and ST groups, but biofilm attachment was only observed in the CT group. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Silver ion tubing exhibited high antibacterial activity by reducing the colonization of pathogens in the dental unit water inhibiting biofilm formation, and showing promise as an efficient infection control method for dental unit waterlines.

The quality of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza from Dao Di area in China and its correlation with soil parameters and climate factors.

INTRODUCTION: Salvia miltiorrhiza is a frequently used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, and tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) and salvianolic acid B (Sal Acid B) are two major extracts obtained from its dried root. The quality of herbal ingredients can be affected by environmental factors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of wild S. miltiorrhiza and investigate the influence of soil constituents and parameters as well as climatic conditions and factors on the content of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B. METHODOLOGY: We collected samples in 12 natural locations in the Dao Di area in China, the area in which S. miltiorrhiza grows, that results in a distinctive higher quality of medicinal materials from the harvested plant. The concentrations of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Soil total carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and particle size distribution were determined. We also collected climate data using ArcGIS from the WorldClim database, and correlation tests, redundancy, and regression analyses were conducted to analyse the relationship and cluster the samples according to their chemical profile. RESULTS: The content of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B in most of the samples was significantly different (P < 0.05). Soil available phosphorus was considered as a key factor that influenced the quality of wild S. miltiorrhiza, and we found a significant negative association between the concentration of Tan IIA in roots and soil available phosphorus. Moreover, the accumulation of Tan IIA in S. miltiorrhiza was also significantly associated with precipitation in April, May, and October, maximum temperature in January, and standard deviation of temperature seasonality. There was no significant correlation between the content of Sal Acid B and ecological factors. In addition, samples collected from Mengshan, Hexian, and Lushi locations were rich in Tan IIA and tended to cluster together, whereas samples collected from Longquan and Huoshan locations tended to cluster and were poor in Tan IIA. CONCLUSION: The Tan IIA content in samples collected from southern Anhui was significantly lower than that in other Dao Di locations. The content of Tan IIA was related more to the soil than the temperature. Compared with Tan IIA, Sal Acid B was less influenced by soil and climate factors. The findings of this study may provide helpful references for quality control of medicinal plants that exert pharmacological effects in humans.

Spermidine inhibits neurodegeneration and delays aging via the PINK1-PDR1-dependent mitophagy pathway in C. elegans.

Aging is the primary driver of various diseases, including common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently there is no cure for AD and PD, and the development of novel drug candidates is demanding. Spermidine is a small anti-aging molecule with elimination of damaged mitochondria via the process of mitophagy identified as a molecular mechanism of action. Here, we show that spermidine inhibits memory loss in AD worms and improves behavioral performance, e.g., locomotor capacity, in a PD worm model, both via the PINK1-PDR1-dependent mitophagy pathway. Additionally, spermidine delays accelerated aging and improves healthspan in the DNA repair-deficient premature aging Werner syndrome (WS) worm model. While possible intertwined interactions between mitophagy/autophagy induction and DNA repair by spermidine are to be determined, our data support further translation of spermidine as a possible therapeutic intervention for such diseases.

Synthesis of Low-Viscosity Ionic Liquids for Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Two types of ionic liquids (ILs), 1-(3-hexenyl)-3-methyl imidazolium iodide and 1-(3-butenyl)-3-methyl imidazolium iodide, are synthesized by introducing an unsaturated bond into the side alkyl chain of the imidazolium cation. These new ionic liquids exhibit high thermal stability and low viscosity (104 cP and 80 cP, respectively). The molecular dynamics simulation shows that the double bond introduced in the alkane chain greatly changes the molecular system space arrangement and diminishes the packing efficiency, leading to low viscosity. The low viscosity of the synthesized ionic liquids would enhance the diffusion of redox couples. This enhancement is detected by fabricating dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with electrolytes containing the two ILs and I2 . The highest efficiency of DSSCs is 6.85 % for 1-(3-hexenyl)-3-methyl imidazolium iodide and 5.93 % for 1-(3-butenyl)-3-methyl imidazolium iodide electrolyte, which is much higher than that of 5.17 % with the counterpart 1-hexyl-3-methyl imidazolium iodide electrolyte.

Bisphenol-A antagonizes the rapidly modulating effect of DHT on spinogenesis and long-term potentiation of hippocampal neurons.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a common environmental endocrine disruptor, modulates estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and antiandrogenic effects throughout the lifespan. Recent studies found more obvious adverse effect of BPA on some neurobehavior in males than that in females. In this study, BPA at 10-100 nM rapidly increased the densities of the dendrite spine and synapse in cultured hippocampal neurons of rats in vitro within 1 h. Co-treatment of BPA (100 nM) with dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 10 nM) or with 17ß-E2 (10 nM) completely eliminated the promotion of DHT or 17ß-E2 in the densities of the dendritic spine and synapse. Pretreatment of estrogen receptors (ERs) antagonist ICI182,780 but not of androgen receptors (ARs) antagonist flutamide (Flu) for 30min completely blocked BPA-enhanced densities of the dendritic spine and synapse. Pretreatment of flutamide for 30min before BPA and DHT completely rescued BPA-enhanced densities of the dendritic spine and synapse. Furthermore, pretreatment of ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 or p38 inhibitor SB203580 entirely eliminated BPA-induced increases in the densities of the dendritic spine and synapse. Meanwhile, BPA (100 nM) enhanced long-term potentiation (LTP) induction of dentate gyrus in hippocampal slices of younger male rats, which was not blocked by co-incubation of flutamide but was inhibited by pretreatment of an P38 inhibitor SB203580. Co-application of BPA with DHT inhibited DHT-suppressed LTP. These results are the first demonstrating the antagonism of BPA to the rapid modification of DHT in synaptic plasticity. However, BPA alone rapidly promotes spinogenesis and synaptic activity through ER instead of AR, and both ERKs and p38 signaling pathways are involved in these processes.

Multichannel Luminescence Properties of Mixed-Valent Eu2+/Eu3+ Coactivated SrAl3BO7 Nanocrystalline Phosphors for Near-UV LEDs.

Up to now, orchestrating the coexistence of Eu2+ and Eu3+ activators in a single host lattice has been an extremely difficult task, especially for the appearance of the characteristic emission of Eu2+ and Eu3+ in order to generate white light. Nevertheless, here we demonstrate a new Eu2+/Eu3+ coactivated SrAl3BO7 nanocrystalline phosphor with abundant and excellent multichannel luminescence properties. A series of Eu2+/Eu3+ coactivated SrAl3BO7 nanocrystalline phosphors were prepared through a Pechini-type sol-gel method followed by a reduction process. With excitation of UV/NUV light, the prepared SrAl3BO7:Eu2+,Eu3+ phosphors show not only the characteristic f-f transitions of Eu3+ ion (5DJ → 7FJ,J', J, J' = 0-3), but also the 5d → 4f transitions of Eu2+ ion with comparable intensity from 400 to 700 nm in the whole visible spectral region. The luminescence color of the SrAl3BO7:Eu2+,Eu3+ phosphor can be tuned from blue, blue-green, white, and orange to orange-red by changing the excitation wavelength, the overall doping concentration of europium ions (Eu2+, Eu3+), and the relative ratio of Eu2+ to Eu3+ ions to some extent. A single-phase white-light emission has been realized in SrAl3BO7:Eu2+,Eu3+ phosphor. The obtained SrAl3BO7:Eu2+,Eu3+ phosphor has potential application in the area of NUV white-light-emitting diodes.

CdS quantum dots confined in mesoporous TiO2 with exceptional photocatalytic performance for degradation of organic polutants.

In this paper, the mesoporous TiO2 with different concentration of CdS quantum dots (i.e., x% CdS/TiO2) was successfully fabricated by the sol-gel method. The composition, structure and morphology of the nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis/DRS) and nitrogen physical adsorption test and so on. The proportion of CdS and TiO2 is very important for the photocatalytic performance. As a result, the photocatalytic degradation performance from the most to the least is in the order of 2% CdS/TiO2, 4% CdS/TiO2, 8% CdS/TiO2, pure TiO2 and 1% CdS/TiO2. The photocatalytic (PC) activity of the 2% CdSTiO2 is characterized by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange, which can be completely degraded within 45 min better than 60 min TiO2 takes. It is also much better than CdS. Moreover, other four organic pollutants, such as methylthionine chloride, bisphenol A, rhodamine B, malachite green can also be degraded quickly on the condition of 2% CdS/TiO2. What's more, the chemical stability and cycling capability of 2% CdS/TiO2 are reflected by five cyclic degradation of methyl orange.

Host-Sensitized and Tunable Luminescence of GdNbO4:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Eu3+/Tb3+/Tm3+) Nanocrystalline Phosphors with Abundant Color.

Up to now, GdNbO4 has always been regarded as an essentially inert material in the visible region with excitation of UV light and electron beams. Nevertheless, here we demonstrate a new recreating blue emission of GdNbO4 nanocrystalline phosphors with a quantum efficiency of 41.6% and host sensitized luminescence in GdNbO4:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Eu3+/Tb3+/Tm3+) nanocrystalline phosphors with abundant color in response to UV light and electron beams. The GdNbO4 and GdNbO4:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Eu3+/Tb3+/Tm3+) nanocrystalline phosphors were synthesized by a Pechini-type sol-gel process. With excitation of UV light and low-voltage electron beams, the obtained GdNbO4 nanocrystalline phosphor presents a strong blue luminescence from 280 to 650 nm centered around 440 nm, and the GdNbO4:Ln3+ nanocrystalline phosphors show both host emission and respective emission lines derived from the characterize f-f transitions of the doping Eu3+, Tb3+, and Tm3+ ions. The luminescence color of GdNbO4:Ln3+ nanocrystalline phosphors can be tuned from blue to green, red, blue-green, orange, pinkish, white, etc. by varying the doping species, concentration, and relative ratio of the codoping rare earth ions in GdNbO4 host lattice. A single-phase white-light-emission has been realized in Eu3+/Tb3+/Tm3+ triply doped GdNbO4 nanocrystalline phosphors. The luminescence properties and mechanisms of GdNbO4 and GdNbO4:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Eu3+/Tb3+/Tm3+) are updated.

Effects of uterine and lactational exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on spatial memory and NMDA receptor of hippocampus in mice.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an environmental endocrine disrupter. Currently, little is known about neurodevelopmental toxicity of DEHP in wildlife and humans. The present study investigated the effects of DEHP, focusing on the changes in the behavior of offspring mice at the ages of 6 and 12w, respectively, following utero and lactational exposure to DEHP (10, 50, and 200mg/kg/d) from gestation day 7 through postnatal day 21. The results of open field tasks showed that DEHP increased the grooming of males at age 6w and females at age 12w but decreased the frequency of rearing of 6-w-old females and the number of grid crossings of 12-w-old females. In the Morris water maze task, 50 and 200mg/kg/d DEHP significantly prolonged the time of searching the hidden platform in water maze and reduced the time staying in the target quadrant during a probe trial of 6-w-old male mice, but not of 6-w-old females nor 12-w-old mice of both sexes, suggesting an impaired spatial learning and memory among younger males after perinatal exposure to DEHP. Western blot analyses further showed that DEHP at 50 and 200mg/kg/d decreased the levels of the N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor subunits NR1 and NR2B in the hippocampus of 6-w-old males. These results suggest that uterine and lactational exposure to low doses of DEHP sex-specifically impacted behaviors, including locomotion activity and spatial memory, via the concomitant inhibition of the NMDA receptor of the hippocampus in offspring mice.

Development of insecticide resistance in malaria vector Anopheles sinensis populations from Shandong province in China.

BACKGROUND: Anopheles sinensis is a major vector of malaria and among the dominant species in Shandong province of China. Insecticide resistance is an important threat to vector-borne disease control. However, there are only few reports about insecticide resistance of An. sinensis populations from Shandong province. METHODS: From 2003 to 2012, six districts in Shandong province were selected as the study areas. Insecticide susceptibility bioassay were tested on F1 progeny of An. sinensis to 4% DDT, 0.05% deltamethrin, 0.15% cyfluthrin, and 5% malathion, using the standard WHO resistance tube assay. RESULTS: The resistance status of An. sinensis showed a significant decrease in the mortality rates in DDT, deltamethrin and cyfluthrin during the past ten years. Whereas obvious increase of mortality to malathion was observed throughout the assay, ranging from 47.37% to 86.62%.

[Study on biological characteristics of cypermethrin-resistant and -susceptible strains of Aedes albopictus at different temperatures].

OBJECTIVE: To study the biological characteristics of cypermethrin-resistance strain and -susceptible strain of Aedes albopictus under different controlled temperatures in the laboratory. METHODS: The two strains were raised at three different temperatures, 20, 25 degrees C and 28 degrees C respectively, and the biological characteristics of the two mosquito strains, such as reproduction, development and life expectancy, were observed and recorded in the laboratory. RESULTS: The life expectancy of both strains became shorter as the temperature raised, and the resistant strain(69.37% ± 0.01%, 77.04% ± 0.07%) lived shorter than the susceptible strain(85.24% ± 0.03%, 88.23% ± 0.05%)in average. Under 25 degrees C, the hatching rate of resistant strain decreased by 25.88%, and the pupation rate decreased by 11.18%. In the three temperatures, all the life expectancy expanded as the temperature went up, the periods for the susceptible strain were 19.75 ± 0.10, 23.65 ± 0.07 d and 25.08 ± 0.08 d under 28, 25 degrees C and 20 degrees C. While life expectancy for the resistant strain decreased to 17.21 ± 0.09, 20.95 ± 0.09, 22.58 ± 0.10 d. Under the same temperature, the development timing of the resistance strain was longer than that of the susceptible strain, and the period was the longest under 28 degrees C (156.2 h, 137.1 h). In the three temperatures, all the development periods expanded as the temperature went up, the susceptible and resistant larvae developed 137.1 d and 163.3 d, 247.7 d and 156.2 d, 182.3 d and 263.2 d under 28, 25 degrees C and 20 degrees C. The differences show statistic significance (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The resistance of A. albopictus to cypermethrin results in the decrease of adaptability to the environment change and the disadvantage of reproduction at different temperatures.

[Progress in application of genetic control of mosquitoes].

With the specific, environmental-friendly, fast and efficient characteristics, the genetic control of mosquitoes has been preliminary shown a good effect. However, the prejudices and misunderstandings to the genetic control limit its popularization and application. Therefore, in order to re-recognize and take full advantage of this method, the recent progresses towards applying the genetic control of mosquitoes are reviewed.

Preparation of graphene/TiO2 composites by nonionic surfactant strategy and their simulated sunlight and visible light photocatalytic activity towards representative aqueous POPs degradation.

A series of graphene/TiO2 composites were fabricated using a single-step nonionic surfactant strategy combined with the solvothermal treatment technique. Their phase structure, morphology, porosity, optical absorption property, as well as composition and structure, were characterized. The as-prepared composites were successfully applied to degrade aqueous persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as rhodamine B, aldicarb, and norfloxacin in simulated sunlight (λ>320 nm) and visible light (λ>400 nm) irradiation. The degradation mechanism and kinetics of aqueous POPs were studied in detail. The mineralization of aqueous POPs and the recyclability of the composites were also tested in the same condition.