[Dental implantation planning in the cases of bone deficiency and prevention of perioperative complications. Part 1. Radiological diagnostics].

The primary goal of reconstructive procedures before dental implantation is restoration of bone volume to prevent the damage of anatomic structures during implantation. Radiological methods are the important component of complex follow-up. Application of radiological methods in planning of the given kind of treatment allows choosing optimum tactics of surgical treatment and their dynamic application in the postoperative period gives the chance to reveal and address in time the developing complications thus improving the success rate.

[Effects of medicinal plant species on gymnasium pupils' cardiac performance under exam stress].

The use of antistress tea from the medicinal herb species "Treasure of Nature" as a dietary supplement (DS) by pupils in the exam period causes positive changes in their psychophysiological status, reduces the magnitude of sympathoadrenal system tension, and exerts an optimizing effect on the mechanisms responsible for regulation of the cardiovascular system. In this connection, in addition to other DSs, the above species may be recommended for use as a non-specific adaptogen under stress.

[Change in salivary nitric oxide levels in students in the examinational period].

The influence of examination-induced psychoemotional stress on hemodynamic parameters and salivary nitric oxide (NO) levels was studied in students. Before examinations, the examinees with a sympathotonic response (75.0%) were observed to have diminished salivary NO excretion that was retained within 24-hours after an exam. There was a significant negative correlation between the amount of NO and the values of blood pressure. The examinees with a parasympathetic response (25%) were found to have elevated salivary NO levels with lowered blood pressures in the pre- and postexaminational periods.

[The functional status of students carrying a mental load].

The paper shows psychological and cardiac hemodynamic changes in students performing an hour mental test of a program on a computer. There are synchronous reductions in the magnitude of cardiac hemodynamic indices and in the activity of the sympathetic pattern of cardiac rhythm regulation in the examinees.

[Influence of mental and emotional stress on the levels of electrolytes in the saliva of senior schoolchildren]. / Vliianie umstvenno-émotsial'nogo napriazheniia na soderzhanie élektrolitov v sliune starsheklassnikov.

Salivary Na+,K+-excretory function was studied in senior schoolchildren-entrants during an academic year and entrance examinations. The time course of changes in the salivary levels of Na+ and K+ in entrants during an academic year was undulating. In late October that is coincident with the beginning of lessons given by tutors, the salivary content of Na+ reduced while that of K+ increased. The second peak of decreased excretion rates for Na+ and increased excretion rates for K+ and that of less Na+/K+ ratios was observed in May on the eve of entrance examinations. On the eve of the examinations, 70% were observed to have tachycardia, elevated levels of integral parameters of cardiac rhythm regulation, a considerable reduction in the concentration of Na+, and an increase in the level of K+ with less Na+/K+ ratios. The pattern of the observed changes also retained in the postexamination period. On the eve of the examinations, 30% were found to have lowered levels of integral parameters of cardiac rhythm regulation and elevated levels of Na+. After an examination, there was a reduction in Na+ excretion which did not yet achieve the initial level. The mechanisms responsible for ionic shifts in the composition of saliva during psychoemotional stress are discussed.

[Influence of cognitive and psychoemotional loads on the cardiac hemodynamic parameters of enrolling students]. / Vliianie umstvennykh i psikhoémotsional'nykh nagruzok na kardiogemodinamicheskie pokazateli abiturientov.

Psychophysiological and cardiac hemodynamic changes were studied by computer registration and an analysis in tenth formers-entrants having a higher mental and emotional load during a school year. The changes in the above parameters were also studied when the formers were taking their school-leaving and entrance examinations.

[The influence of examination stress on psychophysiological characteristics and heart rate in students]. / Vliianie ékzamenatsionnogo stressa na psikhofiziologicheskie pokazateli i ritm serdtsa studentov.

With the aim to assess the influence of pre-examination psychoemotional stress on the level of centralization of the heart rate control, mathematical analysis of ECG of students was performed in normal condition (a common day of academic semester), before, and after an examination. The ECG was recorded and processed with the help of IBM-486 PC. R-R cardiointevalograms were processed by the method of variational pulsometry after Baevsky. Common quantitative heart rate indices were studied. The level of anxiety of students was assessed by Spilberger, and subjective estimations of general condition, activity and mood were obtained from the respective questionnaire. Three types of heart rate reactions on the examination stress were revealed. The reactions depended on the individual typological characteristics and the state of autonomic nervous system.