ABSTRACT
Forage supply from herbs was assessed in a thinned Caatinga enriched with buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) exposed to goat and sheep grazing. The 2.4 ha experimental area, located at the Experimental Station of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in Santa Terezinha, Paraíba State, Brazil, was divided into four 0.6 ha paddocks, which were further subdivided into two 0.3 ha experimental plots. Twelve F1 (Boer x SRD) goats and 12 Santa Inês sheep were divided in four groups of six animals of the same species. The herbaceous vegetation was separated into buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.), dicotyledons and other grass species. Treatments were randomized to plots according to a completely random design with two treatments, four replications, with measures repeated in time (July/1, Aug/1, Sept/1 and Oct/1. Buffel grass dry mater (DM) availability was higher in the sheep grazed than in the goat-grazed area. Buffel grass DM supply did not change from July to September, while dicotyledons DM supply decreased. Grazing affected availability, accumulation rate and supply of the forage produced (DM basis) by dicotyledonous herbs. Buffel grass forage availability was not affected during the experimental period.
ABSTRACT
Forage supply from herbs was assessed in a thinned Caatinga enriched with buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) exposed to goat and sheep grazing. The 2.4 ha experimental area, located at the Experimental Station of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in Santa Terezinha, Paraíba State, Brazil, was divided into four 0.6 ha paddocks, which were further subdivided into two 0.3 ha experimental plots. Twelve F1 (Boer x SRD) goats and 12 Santa Inês sheep were divided in four groups of six animals of the same species. The herbaceous vegetation was separated into buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.), dicotyledons and other grass species. Treatments were randomized to plots according to a completely random design with two treatments, four replications, with measures repeated in time (July/1, Aug/1, Sept/1 and Oct/1. Buffel grass dry mater (DM) availability was higher in the sheep grazed than in the goat-grazed area. Buffel grass DM supply did not change from July to September, while dicotyledons DM supply decreased. Grazing affected availability, accumulation rate and supply of the forage produced (DM basis) by dicotyledonous herbs. Buffel grass forage availability was not affected during the experimental period.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of stem diameter in branch dehydration, chemical composition and hay production in Jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora). The selected plants were about three feet high and were in the end of blooming. Representative branches were selected with 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 mm diameters, which were sliced and separated into stems and leaves and submitted to the dehydration process. It consisted of drying in the forced air circulation stove at a 65C temperature until the constant weight was reached. The dehydration curve was obtained according to the weighing time intervals. The other variables used a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications. The stem and leaves dehydration had a linear response with plateau, being greater at 5mm, with 0.02g water/g DM in the stems after 15.84 hours and 0.01g water/g DM in the leaves after 13.48 hours. The stem CP decreased and the NDF and ADF increased with the diameter of the branch, but it did not influence the leafs chemical composition. If the goal is branch quality in Jurema preta, they should be cut with diameters smaller than 6 mm; if the goal is quantity, with diameters from 7 to 9 mm; but if the aim is to match quality and quantity, it is recommended to cut the branches when they reach a diameter of 6mm.
Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do diâmetro do caule na desidratação, composição química e disponibilidade de feno da Jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora). As plantas estavam com média de 3 metros de altura e em final de floração. Foram selecionados caules representativos nos diâmetros 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9mm, os quais foram cortados, separados em caule e folhas e submetidos ao processo de desidratação que consistiu na secagem em estufa de circulação de ar forçada a uma temperatura de 65C até peso constante. A curva de desidratação foi obtida em função dos intervalos de tempo de pesagem. Para as demais variáveis utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. A desidratação de caule e folhas teve resposta linear com platô, maior para diâmetros de 5mm cuja perda foi de 0,02g de água/g matéria seca ao final de 15,84 horas no caule, e de 0,01g de água/g MS na folha a partir 13,48 horas. Os teores de proteína bruta do caule diminuíram e os de fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido aumentaram com o diâmetro do caule, mas não houve influência na composição química da folha. Se o objetivo for qualidade, os caules de Jurema preta devem ser cortados com diâmetros inferiores a 6mm; se o objetivo for quantidade o diâmetro deve ser de 7 a 9mm; se a finalidade for adequar qualidade e quantidade, recomenda-se cortar os caules ao atingirem 6m
ABSTRACT
The objective of this word was to evaluate the chemical composition, digestibility and intake of herbaceous vegetation in a thinned and enriched with buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) Caatinga grazed by sheeps and goats. 12 goats F1 (Boer x SRD) and 12 Santa Inês sheeps with live weight of 15,00kg were used. The vegetation data were analyzed using a completely randomized design with repeated observations over time, and the animals intake of was also a completely randomized design with two treatments and twelve repetitions. Grazing did not affect the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of herbaceous vegetation. On the evaluation on june 1st the three floristic components had the lowest percentage of dry matter and the higherest percentages of crude protein and in vitro digestibility of dry matter, while the opposite occurred in august 1st, differing even from that observed in september 1st and october 1st. The goats intake was 437.47 of dry matter, compared to 331.78g of dry matter intake by sheep. Although the available dry matter from thinned and enriched caatinga with buffel grass presented low levels of crude protein and in vitro digestibility of dry matter, the goats were able to select a diet that allowed intake of more than 2% of body weight.
Objetivou-se avaliar a composição química, digestibilidade e o consumo da vegetação herbácea de uma Caatinga raleada e enriquecida com capim buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) pastejada por ovinos e caprinos. Foram utilizados 12 caprinos F1 (Bôer x SRD) e 12 ovinos Santa Inês com peso vivo médio de 15kg. Os dados da vegetação foram analisados através de delineamento inteiramente casualizado com observações repetidas no tempo, e os de consumo dos animais foram em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos e 12 repetições. O pastejo não afetou a composição química e a digestibilidade in vitro da vegetação herbácea. Em avaliação do dia 01 de junho os três componentes florísticos apresentaram os menores percentuais de matéria seca e os maiores de teores de proteína bruta e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. Entretanto ocorreu o inverso em 01 de agosto, que diferiu até mesmo do observado em 01 de setembro e 01 de outubro. Os caprinos apresentaram consumo de 437,47g de matéria seca, superior aos 331,78g de matéria seca ingerida pelos ovinos. Embora a matéria seca disponível da Caatinga raleada e enriquecida com capim buffel apresentasse baixos teores de proteína bruta e de digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca, os caprinos conseguiram selecionar uma dieta capaz de permitir um consumo superior a 2% do peso vivo.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this word was to evaluate the chemical composition, digestibility and intake of herbaceous vegetation in a thinned and enriched with buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) Caatinga grazed by sheeps and goats. 12 goats F1 (Boer x SRD) and 12 Santa Inês sheeps with live weight of 15,00kg were used. The vegetation data were analyzed using a completely randomized design with repeated observations over time, and the animals intake of was also a completely randomized design with two treatments and twelve repetitions. Grazing did not affect the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of herbaceous vegetation. On the evaluation on june 1st the three floristic components had the lowest percentage of dry matter and the higherest percentages of crude protein and in vitro digestibility of dry matter, while the opposite occurred in august 1st, differing even from that observed in september 1st and october 1st. The goats intake was 437.47 of dry matter, compared to 331.78g of dry matter intake by sheep. Although the available dry matter from thinned and enriched caatinga with buffel grass presented low levels of crude protein and in vitro digestibility of dry matter, the goats were able to select a diet that allowed intake of more than 2% of body weight.
Objetivou-se avaliar a composição química, digestibilidade e o consumo da vegetação herbácea de uma Caatinga raleada e enriquecida com capim buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) pastejada por ovinos e caprinos. Foram utilizados 12 caprinos F1 (Bôer x SRD) e 12 ovinos Santa Inês com peso vivo médio de 15kg. Os dados da vegetação foram analisados através de delineamento inteiramente casualizado com observações repetidas no tempo, e os de consumo dos animais foram em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos e 12 repetições. O pastejo não afetou a composição química e a digestibilidade in vitro da vegetação herbácea. Em avaliação do dia 01 de junho os três componentes florísticos apresentaram os menores percentuais de matéria seca e os maiores de teores de proteína bruta e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. Entretanto ocorreu o inverso em 01 de agosto, que diferiu até mesmo do observado em 01 de setembro e 01 de outubro. Os caprinos apresentaram consumo de 437,47g de matéria seca, superior aos 331,78g de matéria seca ingerida pelos ovinos. Embora a matéria seca disponível da Caatinga raleada e enriquecida com capim buffel apresentasse baixos teores de proteína bruta e de digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca, os caprinos conseguiram selecionar uma dieta capaz de permitir um consumo superior a 2% do peso vivo.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of stem diameter in branch dehydration, chemical composition and hay production in Jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora). The selected plants were about three feet high and were in the end of blooming. Representative branches were selected with 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 mm diameters, which were sliced and separated into stems and leaves and submitted to the dehydration process. It consisted of drying in the forced air circulation stove at a 65C temperature until the constant weight was reached. The dehydration curve was obtained according to the weighing time intervals. The other variables used a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications. The stem and leaves dehydration had a linear response with plateau, being greater at 5mm, with 0.02g water/g DM in the stems after 15.84 hours and 0.01g water/g DM in the leaves after 13.48 hours. The stem CP decreased and the NDF and ADF increased with the diameter of the branch, but it did not influence the leafs chemical composition. If the goal is branch quality in Jurema preta, they should be cut with diameters smaller than 6 mm; if the goal is quantity, with diameters from 7 to 9 mm; but if the aim is to match quality and quantity, it is recommended to cut the branches when they reach a diameter of 6mm.
Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do diâmetro do caule na desidratação, composição química e disponibilidade de feno da Jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora). As plantas estavam com média de 3 metros de altura e em final de floração. Foram selecionados caules representativos nos diâmetros 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9mm, os quais foram cortados, separados em caule e folhas e submetidos ao processo de desidratação que consistiu na secagem em estufa de circulação de ar forçada a uma temperatura de 65C até peso constante. A curva de desidratação foi obtida em função dos intervalos de tempo de pesagem. Para as demais variáveis utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. A desidratação de caule e folhas teve resposta linear com platô, maior para diâmetros de 5mm cuja perda foi de 0,02g de água/g matéria seca ao final de 15,84 horas no caule, e de 0,01g de água/g MS na folha a partir 13,48 horas. Os teores de proteína bruta do caule diminuíram e os de fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido aumentaram com o diâmetro do caule, mas não houve influência na composição química da folha. Se o objetivo for qualidade, os caules de Jurema preta devem ser cortados com diâmetros inferiores a 6mm; se o objetivo for quantidade o diâmetro deve ser de 7 a 9mm; se a finalidade for adequar qualidade e quantidade, recomenda-se cortar os caules ao atingirem 6m