Molecular and morphological surface analysis: effect of filling pastes and cleaning agents on root dentin.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of different filling pastes and cleaning agents on the root dentin of primary teeth using Fourier-transformed Raman spectroscopy (FT-Raman), micro energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (µ-EDXRF) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty roots of primary teeth were endodontically prepared and distributed into 4 groups and filled according to the following filling pastes: Control-no filling (CP), Calen®+zinc oxide (CZ), Calcipex II® (CII), Vitapex® (V). After seven days, filling paste groups were distributed to 4 subgroups according to cleaning agents (n=5): Control-no cleaning (C), Ethanol (E), Tergenform® (T), 35% Phosphoric acid (PA). Then, the roots were sectioned and the dentin root sections were internally evaluated by FT-Raman, µ-EDXRF and SEM. Data was submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). RESULTS: Regarding filling pastes, there was no significant difference in organic content. CP provided the lowest calcium values and, calcium/phosphoric ratio (Ca/P), and the highest phosphoric values. For cleaning agents there was no difference in organic content when compared to the C; however, T showed significantly higher calcium and Ca/P than PA. All groups showed similar results for phosphorus. The dentin smear layer was present after use of the cleaning agents, except PA. CONCLUSION: The filling pastes changed the inorganic content, however they did not change the organic content. Cleaning agents did not alter the inorganic and organic content. PA cleaned and opened dentin tubules.

Molecular and morphological surface analysis: effect of filling pastes and cleaning agents on root dentin

Abstract The quality of the dentin root is the most important factor for restoration resin sealing and drives the outcome of endodontic treatment. Objective This study evaluated the effect of different filling pastes and cleaning agents on the root dentin of primary teeth using Fourier-transformed Raman spectroscopy (FT-Raman), micro energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (µ-EDXRF) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Material and Methods Eighty roots of primary teeth were endodontically prepared and distributed into 4 groups and filled according to the following filling pastes: Control-no filling (CP), Calen®+zinc oxide (CZ), Calcipex II® (CII), Vitapex® (V). After seven days, filling paste groups were distributed to 4 subgroups according to cleaning agents (n=5): Control-no cleaning (C), Ethanol (E), Tergenform® (T), 35% Phosphoric acid (PA). Then, the roots were sectioned and the dentin root sections were internally evaluated by FT-Raman, µ-EDXRF and SEM. Data was submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). Results Regarding filling pastes, there was no significant difference in organic content. CP provided the lowest calcium values and, calcium/phosphoric ratio (Ca/P), and the highest phosphoric values. For cleaning agents there was no difference in organic content when compared to the C; however, T showed significantly higher calcium and Ca/P than PA. All groups showed similar results for phosphorus. The dentin smear layer was present after use of the cleaning agents, except PA. Conclusion The filling pastes changed the inorganic content, however they did not change the organic content. Cleaning agents did not alter the inorganic and organic content. PA cleaned and opened dentin tubules.

Tooth Abnormalities and Occlusal Disorders in Individuals With Frontonasal Dysplasia.

OBJECTIVE: Frontonasal dysplasia is a rare developmental defect of the midface, and little is known about the dental involvement in individuals with this condition. This study investigated tooth abnormalities and occlusal disorders in individuals with frontonasal dysplasia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. INTERVENTIONS: Clinical oral examination, analysis of patient records, and panoramic radiographs. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 20 individuals with frontonasal dysplasia aged 7 to 17 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of the several tooth abnormalities and occlusal disorders analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 19 individuals presented at least one tooth abnormality, with highly variable findings. In radiographs, 20% of individuals (all presenting oral clefts) presented agenesis of lateral incisors and second premolars. No supernumerary teeth were observed; 65% of individuals exhibited occlusal alterations, especially anterior open bite in the two individuals with median cleft lip. CONCLUSIONS: Variable clinical and radiographic alterations were observed, probably due to the large variety of phenotypic characteristics. No specific dental alteration could be related with frontonasal dysplasia.

Evaluation of sorption/solubility, softening, flexural strength and elastic modulus of experimental resin blends with chlorhexidine.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate physical-chemical properties of experimental diacetate chlorhexidine (CHX)-added resin blends. METHODS: Blends were formulated: G1)TEGDMA; G2)TEGDMA/0.1%CHX; G3)TEGDMA/0.2%CHX; G4)TEGDMA/UDMA; G5)TEGDMA/UDMA/0.1%CHX; G6)TEGDMA/UDMA/0.2%CHX; G7)TEGDMA/BisEMA, G8)TEGDMA/BisEMA/0.1%CHX; G9)TEGDMA/BisEMA/0.2%CHX. Icon(®) was the control group. For sorption/solubility (SS), cylindrical specimens (n=5) were prepared and their weight obtained. The specimens were immersed in deionized water for 7days at 37°C and their weight was verified again. SS were calculated using accepted formulas. For softening, cylindrical specimens (n=10) were prepared and initial Knoop hardness number (KHN) obtained. The specimens were immersed in absolute ethanol for 24h at 37°C and final KHN accomplished. Softening values were calculated by KHN reduction percentage. For elastic modulus (EM) and flexural strength (FS) bar specimens were prepared (n=10) and values obtained with a universal device (three point, 5mm distance, 0.5mm/min, load of 50N). The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α=5%). RESULTS: TEGDMA/BisEMA blends and Icon(®) showed the lowest sorption from blends (p>0.05), and Icon(®) was the most soluble material (p<0.01). TEGDMA/UDMA/0.1%CHX showed the highest softening, similar to Icon(®) (p>0.05). For EM, all blends were different than Icon(®) (p<0.01). For FS, TEGDMA blends were similar to Icon(®), showing the lowest averages (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Monomers chemical characteristics influenced the physical-chemical properties of experimental blends more than CHX. Between the blends tested, UDMA blends presented satisfactory results for assays evaluated. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Infiltrants CHX-added could arrest and reinforce initial caries lesions, and the antimicrobial effect could prevent new lesions in sound enamel adjacent to the infiltrated area.

Reabilitação estética e funcional na primeira infância: relato de caso / Aesthetic and functional rehabilitation in infancy: a case report

A perda precoce dos dentes decíduos pode ocorrer pela falta de diagnóstico e tratamento na fase inicial da cárie dentária. O objetivo foi relatar o tratamento reabilitador estético e funcional de uma criança de 4 anos e 5 meses de idade, do gênero feminino, com cárie precoce da infância severa. Durante a anamnese, além da queixa de dor nos dentes, notou-se apatia da criança e constrangimento da mesma ao falar e sorrir. Ao exame clínico inicial, a paciente apresentou ausência dos dentes 55, 54, 75, 84 e 85; lesões de cárie ativa do 73 ao 83; lesões cariosas ativas extensas (53, 52, 51, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 74) e presença de fístula na região dos dentes 51 e 52. Após o exame radiográfico, o tratamento proposto foi a realização da exodontia dos elementos dentários não passíveis de receber tratamento restaurador (53, 52, 51, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 74); restauração com resina composta do 73 ao 83; e posterior colocação de prótese total superior e prótese parcial inferior. Orientações sobre higiene bucal e dieta não-cariogênica foram realizadas em todas as etapas do tratamento para incentivar a criança e familiares à prática de hábitos saudáveis. Diante do tratamento realizado, concluiu-se que a reabilitação estética-funcional recuperou as funções estéticas, fonéticas e mastigatórias da paciente; colaborando para a melhora da autoestima da criança o que gerou satisfação dos familiares. O trabalho educativo em estimular a criança e os cuidadores foi essencial para o sucesso do tratamento e manutenção da saúde bucal...

Dental caries is a disease related with sucrose rich diet and poor oral hygiene. During childhood, if caries disease is misdiagnosed, it can lead to early loss of primary teeth. This study aimed to report the aesthetic and functional rehabilitation treatment in a female child aged 4 years and 5 months, with severe early childhood caries. In the case history, as well as complaints of toothache, the child showed apathy and embarrassment to talk and smile. In initial clinical examination, it was noticed lack of teeth 55, 54, 85, 84 and 75; active caries lesion on teeth 71, 73, 81, 82 and 83; the dental elements 51, 52, 53, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 and 74 presented with extensive coronary destruction bellow the gingival margins, and the teeth 51 and 52 with the presence of fistula. After radiographic evaluation, the treatment proposed was comprised by destroyed teeth extraction, resin composite restoration of all cavities and subsequent placement of upper denture and lower partial denture. Oral hygiene and non-cariogenic diet orientations were accomplished since the initial treatment to encourage the child and her family to practice healthy habits. After accomplished the treatment, it could be concluded that aesthetic and functional rehabilitation recovered the patient aesthetic, phonetic and mastication functions. This fact contributed to improve the child’s self-esteem and it promoted satisfaction of her family. The dentist educational work and the stimulus of child and her caregivers were essential for treatment successful and for patient oral health maintenance...