ABSTRACT
Root deformation (RD) caused by errors in the pricking out process are irreversible and very difficult to detect in container-grown seedlings at the time of planting in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of RD on leaf gas exchange, growth, biomass allocation and mineral nutrition of G. americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding. Four-months-old seedlings, with and without RD, were flooded for 42 days and their recovery was evaluated 28 days after soil drainage. There were no significant interactions between RD and soil flooding for all leaf gas exchange, growth and mineral nutrition after soil drainage, with the exception of leaf P concentrations. In plants with no RD, the P concentration in leaves of non-flooded plants was significantly higher than that of plants with RD. Soil flooding and RD did not influence leaf or root N concentrations or whole-plant N content. RD increased the K concentration in the roots, but not in the leaves. Changes in the nutrient concentrations in leaves and roots indicate that RD may affect physiological performance of seedlings after planting in the field.
A deformação da raiz (RD) causada por erros no processo de repicagem é irreversível e difícil de detectar em mudas produzidas em embalagens no momento do plantio no campo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do RD nas trocas gasosas foliares, crescimento, alocação de biomassa e nutrição mineral de mudas de G. americana na fase de recuperação após o alagamento do solo. Mudas com quatro meses de idade, com e sem RD, foram alagadas por 42 dias e a sua recuperação foi avaliada 28 dias após a drenagem do solo. Não houve interação significativa entre RD e alagamento do solo nas trocas gasosas foliares, crescimento e nutrição mineral após a drenagem, com exceção das concentrações de P foliar. Em plantas sem RD, a concentração de P nas folhas de plantas não alagadas foi significativamente maior que a das plantas com RD. O alagamento do solo e a RD não influenciaram as concentrações de N nas folhas e raízes, e no conteúdo de N na planta inteira. A RD aumentou a concentração de K nas raízes, mas não nas folhas. Alterações nas concentrações de nutrientes nas folhas e raízes indicam que a RD pode afetar o desempenho fisiológico das mudas após o plantio no campo.
Subject(s)
Phosphorus/analysis , Nitrogen/analysis , Nutrients/analysis , Potassium/analysis , Plant Roots/growth & development , Rubiaceae/growth & development , Rubiaceae/physiology , Soil MoistureABSTRACT
Abstract Root deformation (RD) caused by errors in the pricking out process are irreversible and very difficult to detect in container-grown seedlings at the time of planting in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of RD on leaf gas exchange, growth, biomass allocation and mineral nutrition of G. americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding. Four-months-old seedlings, with and without RD, were flooded for 42 days and their recovery was evaluated 28 days after soil drainage. There were no significant interactions between RD and soil flooding for all leaf gas exchange, growth and mineral nutrition after soil drainage, with the exception of leaf P concentrations. In plants with no RD, the P concentration in leaves of non-flooded plants was significantly higher than that of plants with RD. Soil flooding and RD did not influence leaf or root N concentrations or whole-plant N content. RD increased the K concentration in the roots, but not in the leaves. Changes in the nutrient concentrations in leaves and roots indicate that RD may affect physiological performance of seedlings after planting in the field.
Resumo A deformação da raiz (RD) causada por erros no processo de repicagem é irreversível e difícil de detectar em mudas produzidas em embalagens no momento do plantio no campo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do RD nas trocas gasosas foliares, crescimento, alocação de biomassa e nutrição mineral de mudas de G. americana na fase de recuperação após o alagamento do solo. Mudas com quatro meses de idade, com e sem RD, foram alagadas por 42 dias e a sua recuperação foi avaliada 28 dias após a drenagem do solo. Não houve interação significativa entre RD e alagamento do solo nas trocas gasosas foliares, crescimento e nutrição mineral após a drenagem, com exceção das concentrações de P foliar. Em plantas sem RD, a concentração de P nas folhas de plantas não alagadas foi significativamente maior que a das plantas com RD. O alagamento do solo e a RD não influenciaram as concentrações de N nas folhas e raízes, e no conteúdo de N na planta inteira. A RD aumentou a concentração de K nas raízes, mas não nas folhas. Alterações nas concentrações de nutrientes nas folhas e raízes indicam que a RD pode afetar o desempenho fisiológico das mudas após o plantio no campo.
ABSTRACT
Root deformation (RD) caused by errors in the pricking out process are irreversible and very difficult to detect in container-grown seedlings at the time of planting in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of RD on leaf gas exchange, growth, biomass allocation and mineral nutrition of G. americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding. Four-months-old seedlings, with and without RD, were flooded for 42 days and their recovery was evaluated 28 days after soil drainage. There were no significant interactions between RD and soil flooding for all leaf gas exchange, growth and mineral nutrition after soil drainage, with the exception of leaf P concentrations. In plants with no RD, the P concentration in leaves of non-flooded plants was significantly higher than that of plants with RD. Soil flooding and RD did not influence leaf or root N concentrations or whole-plant N content. RD increased the K concentration in the roots, but not in the leaves. Changes in the nutrient concentrations in leaves and roots indicate that RD may affect physiological performance of seedlings after planting in the field.
A deformação da raiz (RD) causada por erros no processo de repicagem é irreversível e difícil de detectar em mudas produzidas em embalagens no momento do plantio no campo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do RD nas trocas gasosas foliares, crescimento, alocação de biomassa e nutrição mineral de mudas de G. americana na fase de recuperação após o alagamento do solo. Mudas com quatro meses de idade, com e sem RD, foram alagadas por 42 dias e a sua recuperação foi avaliada 28 dias após a drenagem do solo. Não houve interação significativa entre RD e alagamento do solo nas trocas gasosas foliares, crescimento e nutrição mineral após a drenagem, com exceção das concentrações de P foliar. Em plantas sem RD, a concentração de P nas folhas de plantas não alagadas foi significativamente maior que a das plantas com RD. O alagamento do solo e a RD não influenciaram as concentrações de N nas folhas e raízes, e no conteúdo de N na planta inteira. A RD aumentou a concentração de K nas raízes, mas não nas folhas. Alterações nas concentrações de nutrientes nas folhas e raízes indicam que a RD pode afetar o desempenho fisiológico das mudas após o plantio no campo.
Subject(s)
Soil , Seedlings , Plant Roots , Plant Leaves , Floods , MineralsABSTRACT
Root deformation (RD) caused by errors in the pricking out process are irreversible and very difficult to detect in container-grown seedlings at the time of planting in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of RD on leaf gas exchange, growth, biomass allocation and mineral nutrition of G. americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding. Four-months-old seedlings, with and without RD, were flooded for 42 days and their recovery was evaluated 28 days after soil drainage. There were no significant interactions between RD and soil flooding for all leaf gas exchange, growth and mineral nutrition after soil drainage, with the exception of leaf P concentrations. In plants with no RD, the P concentration in leaves of non-flooded plants was significantly higher than that of plants with RD. Soil flooding and RD did not influence leaf or root N concentrations or whole-plant N content. RD increased the K concentration in the roots, but not in the leaves. Changes in the nutrient concentrations in leaves and roots indicate that RD may affect physiological performance of seedlings after planting in the field.
Subject(s)
Seedlings , Soil , Floods , Minerals , Plant Leaves , Plant RootsABSTRACT
Objetivo: conhecer a percepção de pacientes colostomizados por causas não oncológicas e seus familiares acerca da forma como aprenderam a cuidar do estoma e da possibilidade de utilização de um vídeo educativo como estratégia de educação em saúde. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio de grupo focal com oito pessoas, sendo quatro pacientes e quatro familiares. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: organizou-se três categorias: Aprendendo a cuidar do estoma; o apoio familiar como potencializador do cuidado e da adaptação; as possibilidades e limitações no uso do vídeo educativo. Considerações finais: o processo de aprender a cuidar do estoma foi marcado pela escassez de orientações de enfermagem e concretizado no aprender fazendo, sendo a colaboração da família importante para o cuidado. O vídeo educativo mostra-se como tecnologia útil para educação em saúde, ao apresentar orientações básicas para o cuidado da colostomia, podendo complementar as orientações de enfermagem.
Objective: to know the perception of colostomized patients due to non-oncological cause and their relatives in front of the use of an educational video as a health education strategy. Methods:qualitative research, performed through a focus group with eight people, four patients and fourrelatives. The data were submitted to the thematic content analysis. Results: three categories were organized: Learning how to take care of and manage the stoma; Acceptance and adaptation: family support as a potentiator of this process; Educational video: possibilities and limitations. Final considerations: the process of learning to take care of the stoma was marked by the scarcity of nursing guidelines and made feasible in learning-doing, with family collaboration being important to care. The educational video is a useful technology in the health education process, presenting basicguidelines for colostomy care, and can to complement nursing orientations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Colostomy , Health Education , Nursing , Family , Educational TechnologyABSTRACT
Abstract Individual leaf area (LA) is a key variable in studies of tree ecophysiology because it directly influences light interception, photosynthesis and evapotranspiration of adult trees and seedlings. We analyzed the leaf dimensions (length – L and width – W) of seedlings and adults of seven Neotropical rainforest tree species (Brosimum rubescens, Manilkara maxima, Pouteria caimito, Pouteria torta, Psidium cattleyanum, Symphonia globulifera and Tabebuia stenocalyx) with the objective to test the feasibility of single regression models to estimate LA of both adults and seedlings. In southern Bahia, Brazil, a first set of data was collected between March and October 2012. From the seven species analyzed, only two (P. cattleyanum and T. stenocalyx) had very similar relationships between LW and LA in both ontogenetic stages. For these two species, a second set of data was collected in August 2014, in order to validate the single models encompassing adult and seedlings. Our results show the possibility of development of models for predicting individual leaf area encompassing different ontogenetic stages for tropical tree species. The development of these models was more dependent on the species than the differences in leaf size between seedlings and adults.
Resumo Área foliar individual (AF) é uma variável chave em estudos sobre a ecofisiologia de arbóreas, porque influencia diretamente a interceptação de luz, a fotossíntese e a evapotranspiração das árvores adultas e das mudas. Foram analisadas as dimensões foliares (comprimento - C e largura - L) de indivíduos adultos e de mudas de sete espécies arbóreas de florestas neotropicais (Brosimum rubescens, Manilkara maxima, Pouteria caimito, Pouteria torta, Psidium cattleyanum, Symphonia globulifera e Tabebuia stenocalyx), com o objetivo de testar a viabilidade de modelos de regressão linear para estimar a AF de indivíduos adultos e mudas. No sul da Bahia, Brasil, um primeiro conjunto de dados foi coletado entre março e outubro de 2012. A partir das sete espécies analisadas, apenas duas (P. cattleyanum e T. stenocalyx) apresentaram relações muito semelhantes entre e AF e CL, em ambos os estádios ontogenéticos. Para estas duas espécies, um segundo conjunto de dados foi coletado em agosto de 2014, a fim de validar os modelos únicos que englobam folhas de indivíduos adultos e mudas. Nossos resultados mostram a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de modelos para a predição da área foliar, abrangendo diferentes estádios ontogenéticos para espécies arbóreas tropicais. O desenvolvimento destes modelos foi mais dependente das espécies do que das diferenças entre o tamanho das folhas de mudas e de indivíduos adultos.
Subject(s)
Trees/growth & development , Plant Leaves/growth & development , Seedlings/growth & development , Rainforest , Brazil , Regression Analysis , Models, TheoreticalABSTRACT
Individual leaf area (LA) is a key variable in studies of tree ecophysiology because it directly influences light interception, photosynthesis and evapotranspiration of adult trees and seedlings. We analyzed the leaf dimensions (length - L and width - W) of seedlings and adults of seven Neotropical rainforest tree species (Brosimum rubescens, Manilkara maxima, Pouteria caimito, Pouteria torta, Psidium cattleyanum, Symphonia globulifera and Tabebuia stenocalyx) with the objective to test the feasibility of single regression models to estimate LA of both adults and seedlings. In southern Bahia, Brazil, a first set of data was collected between March and October 2012. From the seven species analyzed, only two (P. cattleyanum and T. stenocalyx) had very similar relationships between LW and LA in both ontogenetic stages. For these two species, a second set of data was collected in August 2014, in order to validate the single models encompassing adult and seedlings. Our results show the possibility of development of models for predicting individual leaf area encompassing different ontogenetic stages for tropical tree species. The development of these models was more dependent on the species than the differences in leaf size between seedlings and adults.
Subject(s)
Plant Leaves/growth & development , Rainforest , Seedlings/growth & development , Trees/growth & development , Brazil , Models, Theoretical , Regression AnalysisABSTRACT
O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) faz parte das estratégias do Programa Nacional da Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (PRO-Saúde). Com a participação da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Estado do Paraná, o PRO-PETSaúde é um programa que visa consolidar a integração ensino-serviço-comunidade para fortalecer as estratégias do Sistema Único de Saúde. Este artigo é um relato de vivência de dois grupos PET-Saúde, apresentado por quatro petianas do curso de Odontologia da UEPG, que atuaram na Unidade de Saúde Silas Sallen. O relato faz menção ao Dia Rosa: um evento realizado no mês de agosto para a saúde e cuidado da mulher, com o objetivo principal de demonstrar a importância do exame preventivo do câncer de colo do útero. Além deste exame, o trabalho multiprofissional do PET-Saúde UEPG proporcionou a execução de atendimentos odontológicos, solicitação de mamografias e orientações sobre o auto-exame das mamas, higiene e auto-exame da boca. Mesmo diante de dificuldades, com a distribuição das atividades entre todos os integrantes do grupo e com a ajuda da Unidade de Saúde, juntamente a de patrocinadores, o evento se consolidou proporcionando uma experiência profissional valiosa com o conhecimento adquirido ainda durante a graduação (AU).
The Education Program through Health Work (PET-Health) is part of the strategies of the National Program of Reorientation of Health Professional Training (Pro-Health). With the participation of the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG) the PRO-PET-Health is a program that aims to consolidate the integration of teaching and community - service strategies for the purpose to strengthen the Unified Health System (SUS). This article is a reported experience of two groups PET-Health, presented by four students of Odontology UEPG, who worked at the Health Unit Silas Sallen. The report makes mention of Pink Day: an event held in August for the women`s health and care, the main objective was to demonstrate the importance of uterine cervical cancer preventive exam. Besides this exam, the multidisciplinary work of PET-Health UEPG provided the execution of dental care, request of mammograms and request guidance on self-breast exam, on selfmouth exam and on hygiene. Even face of difficulties, with the distribution of activities between all group members with the help of the Health Unit, along with sponsors, the event has established itself by providing valuable professional experience with knowledge gained during undergraduate studies (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Patient Care Team , Women's Health , Comprehensive Health Care , Community Participation , Unified Health SystemABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The objective is to evaluate the test version of Chapter V - "Mental and Behavioral Disorders reliability", of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, Version for Primary Care (ICD -10 PC), prepared by the Division of Mental Health of the World Health Organization (WHO). METHODS: During September and October of 1994, Community General Physicians (CGP) from the Health and Environment Department of the State of Rio Grande do Sul were trained in the use of this version, prepared for the field trial, according to the design proposed by WHO. RESULTS: The results refer to a study about reliability of diagnosis attributed by 9 pairs of CGP to 460 patients in their first appointments. Cohen's Kappa for Mental Health Disorder, present or absent, was 0,79 (CI 95%: 0,69 - 0,88). CONCLUSION: The use of ICD-10 CP will give more specificity to the information and will allow a better communication between health workers at the level of primary care
