ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Platelets undergo structural, biochemical and functional alterations when stored, and platelet storage lesions reduce platelet function and half-life after transfusion. The objective of this study was to evaluate stored canine platelet concentrates with platelet aggregation, flow cytometry and biochemistry assays. Twenty-two bags of canine platelet concentrates were obtained by the platelet-rich plasma method and were assessed on days 1, 3 and 5 after collection. Parameters such as platelet counts, residual leukocytes, platelet swirling, glucose, lactate, pH, CD62P expression (platelet activation), JC-1 (mitochondrial function) and annexin V (apoptosis and cell death) were assessed. RESULTS: Over the five days of storage there was a significant decrease in glucose, HCO3, pCO2, ATP, pH, swirling and mitochondrial function, associated with a significant increase in lactate levels and pO2. At the end of storage pH was 5.9 ± 0.6 and lactate levels were 2.8 ± 1.2 mmol/L. Results of the quality parameters evaluated were similar to those reported in human platelets studies. The deleterious effects of storage were more pronounced in bags with higher platelet counts (> 7.49 × 1010/unit), suggesting that canine platelet concentrates should not contain an excessive number of platelets. CONCLUSIONS: Quality parameters of canine platelets under standard storage conditions were similar to those observed in human platelets. Our results have potential to be used for the routine evaluation and quality control in veterinary blood banks.
Subject(s)
Blood Banks/standards , Blood Platelets/physiology , Blood Preservation/veterinary , Dogs/blood , Animals , Blood Platelets/metabolism , Platelet Activation , Platelet Aggregation , Platelet Function Tests/veterinary , Quality ControlABSTRACT
Mitochondria perform crucial roles in many biochemical processes, and mitochondrial depolarization is an early sign of platelet apoptosis. The mitochondrial membrane potential is usually evaluated through JC-1 probe, but it can also be assessed with MitoTracker probes. Our aim was to evaluate mitochondrial viability in stored canine platelet concentrates (PCs) with the fluorescent probes JC-1 and MitoTracker. Platelets from 22 canine PCs were stained with JC-1 and MitoTracker probes on days 1, 3, and 5 of storage. Data on metabolic parameters were also collected for correlation studies. Results of JC-1 and MitoTracker revealed a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in day 5 of storage compared to days 1 and 3, providing evidence of mitochondrial depolarization, a finding that was confirmed by the data on metabolic parameters. MitoTracker probes also added information regarding platelet swelling. In conclusion, MitoTracker probes offered a more complete mitochondrial analysis in the evaluation of stored canine PCs. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Subject(s)
Benzimidazoles/metabolism , Blood Platelets/metabolism , Carbocyanines/metabolism , Fluorescent Dyes/metabolism , Mitochondria/metabolism , Animals , Apoptosis/physiology , Blood Preservation/methods , Dogs , Flow Cytometry/methods , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/physiologyABSTRACT
The aims of this study were to determine the occurrence of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis infection in dogs in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil; and to investigate their association with hematological abnormalities. Serum samples from 196 dogs were first tested using dot-ELISA for antibodies against Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia canis. Peripheral blood samples from 199 dogs were subjected to 16S rRNA nested PCR (nPCR) for A. platys and E. canis, followed by DNA sequencing to ensure pathogen identity. A total of 19/196 samples (9.69%) were positive for Anaplasma spp. using ELISA and 28/199 (14.07%) samples were positive for A. platys by nested PCR. All the dog samples were negative for E. canis, both in anti-E. canis antibody tests and in nested PCR. There were no significant differences in hematological parameters between A. platys-PCR positive and negative dogs and Anaplasma spp. serologically positive dogs, except for basophil counts, which were higher in nPCR-positive dogs. This is the first report showing A. platys presence in dogs in Southern Brazil. In conclusion, hematological parameters may not be sufficient to diagnose A. platys infection in dogs in Southern Brazil, probably due either to low pathogenicity or to chronic infection. On the other hand, E. canis may either have very low occurrence or be absent in dogs in Porto Alegre.
Subject(s)
Anaplasma/genetics , Anaplasma/isolation & purification , DNA, Bacterial/blood , Dogs/blood , Ehrlichia canis/genetics , Ehrlichia canis/isolation & purification , Animals , Brazil , Female , MaleABSTRACT
The aims of this study were to determine the occurrence of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis infection in dogs in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil; and to investigate their association with hematological abnormalities. Serum samples from 196 dogs were first tested using dot-ELISA for antibodies against Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia canis. Peripheral blood samples from 199 dogs were subjected to 16S rRNA nested PCR (nPCR) for A. platys and E. canis, followed by DNA sequencing to ensure pathogen identity. A total of 19/196 samples (9.69%) were positive for Anaplasma spp. using ELISA and 28/199 (14.07%) samples were positive for A. platys by nested PCR. All the dog samples were negative for E. canis, both in anti-E. canis antibody tests and in nested PCR. There were no significant differences in hematological parameters between A. platys-PCR positive and negative dogs and Anaplasma spp. serologically positive dogs, except for basophil counts, which were higher in nPCR-positive dogs. This is the first report showing A. platys presence in dogs in Southern Brazil. In conclusion, hematological parameters may not be sufficient to diagnose A. platys infection in dogs in Southern Brazil, probably due either to low pathogenicity or to chronic infection. On the other hand, E. canis may either have very low occurrence or be absent in dogs in Porto Alegre.
O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ocorrência de Anaplasma platys e Ehrlichia canis em cães de Porto Alegre, sul do Brasil, sua detecção molecular e associação com anormalidades hematológicas. Amostras séricas de 196 cães foram inicialmente triadas por dot-ELISA para a presença de anticorpos contra Anaplasma spp. e Ehrlichia canis. Amostras de sangue periférico de 199 cães foram submetidas à nested PCR (16S rRNA) para A. platys e E. canis, seguido de sequenciamento do DNA para confirmar a identidade do agente. Do total, 19/196 (9,69%) amostras foram positivas para Anaplasma spp. por dot-ELISA e 28/199 (14,07%) por nPCR. Todas as amostras dos cães foram negativas para E. canis no teste sorológico anti-E. canis e também na nPCR. Não houve diferença significativa nos parâmetros hematológicos, exceto a contagem de basófilos, que apresentou valores mais altos em cães positivos na nPCR para A. platys. Este é o primeiro relato da presença de A. platys no Rio Grande do Sul, e a primeira detecção molecular do agente no sul do Brasil. Em conclusão, parâmetros hematológicos não são suficientes para diagnosticar a infecção por A. platys em cães, provavelmente devido sua baixa patogenicidade ou infecção crônica. Por outro lado, E. canis parece ter ocorrência baixa ou mesmo nula em cães de Porto Alegre.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Anaplasma/genetics , Anaplasma/isolation & purification , DNA, Bacterial/blood , Dogs/blood , Ehrlichia canis/genetics , Ehrlichia canis/isolation & purification , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , BrazilABSTRACT
Foi demonstrado em estudos com animais que uma ativação da coagulação sanguínea e alterações que indicam CID podem ser encontradas em leitos capilares após uma parada cardíaca e ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP). Este resumo tem como objetivo relatar o caso e as alterações laboratoriais apresentadas por um cão que após uma parada cardíaca durante procedimento cirúrgico e RCP desenvolveu um quadro de CID.
Subject(s)
Male , Animals , Dogs , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/veterinary , Orthopedics/veterinary , Heart Arrest/veterinary , Critical Care , Heparin/administration & dosage , PlasmaABSTRACT
As serpentes peçonhentas dos gêneros Bothrops (jararacas), Micrurus (corais), Crotalus (cascavéis) e Lachesis (surucucus) são as mais importantes em acidentes ofídicos no Brasil. A maior incidência destes acidentes na Medicina Veterinária é causada por serpentes do gênero Bothrops. Os cães são altamente suscetíveis a acidentes botrópicos devido ao seu comportamento curioso, e os locais comumente atingidos no ataque da serpente são o focinho e o pescoço. Cães e gatos são geralmente tratados algumas horas após a picada, quando os sintomas já são bem evidentes. Devido à atividade proteolítica, hipotensora e coagulante do veneno, o tratamento imediato é um fator decisivo para o prognóstico do paciente. O objetivo deste resumo é descrever o caso de um acidente ofídico em um cão atendido em hospital universitário.
Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Dogs , Bothrops , Tachypnea/veterinary , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary , Antivenins/administration & dosage , Symptom Assessment/veterinaryABSTRACT
Um cão adulto, fêmea, SRD e 5,0 kg foi atendido no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul com sinais de choque. A anamnese não revelou nenhuma informação consistente. No exame clínico, o paciente apresentava estado de estupor, midríase, hipotermia (36,5oC), bradicardia (50 b.p.m), cianose e presença de hemorragia contínua em região digital. O animal foi imediatamente colocado em oxigênio e submetido à fluidoterapia intensiva com fluido cristalóide (90ml/kg/hora).
