ABSTRACT
Visual field dependence in 292 multi-ethnic adult children of alcoholics (ACAs) and nonalcoholics (NACAs) was assessed, using the Hidden Figures Test (Ekstrom, French, & Harmon, 1976). There were no differences among ethnic groups, but ACAs achieved a significantly lower percentage of correct answers and more incorrect answers and attempted more questions relative to NACAs. These findings suggest that ACAs' visuospatial deficits are not related to ethnic and cultural factors.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Alcoholism , Child of Impaired Parents/psychology , Ethnicity , Perceptual Disorders/diagnosis , Perceptual Disorders/psychology , Space Perception , Visual Fields , Visual Perception , Adolescent , Adult , Attention , Cues , Humans , Learning , Mental Processes , Perceptual Disorders/epidemiology , Perceptual Disorders/etiology , Risk Factors , Sampling StudiesABSTRACT
The retrograde barium enema is considered to be contraindicated in patients with acute colitis because of the risk of precipitating toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antegrade evaluation of the colon in such patients. Thirteen patients were examined by antegrade barium study. The right and left colon to the level of the descending colon-sigmoid junction were well seen in all (100%), the sigmoid in 77% and the rectum in 54%. Excellent correlation between the extent of disease seen on antegrade study and retrograde enema, endoscopy, and surgery was achieved. The antegrade study was found to be a safe and effective study in patients with acute colitis.
Subject(s)
Barium Sulfate , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnostic imaging , Colon/diagnostic imaging , Crohn Disease/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Colitis/diagnostic imaging , Colonoscopy , Enema , Female , Humans , Male , Methods , Middle Aged , Radiography , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Examined changes in targeted and general tension behaviors as well as reductions in physiological tension associated with cognitive imagery and electromyographic biofeedback relaxation procedures. Three groups of 15 female college students participated. During three weekly sessions each person received either guided cognitive imagery relaxation, frontalis muscle feedback relaxation, or a self-rest control procedure. The Anxiety Differential was administered before and after each session, while frontalis EMG, heart rate, and skin temperature were monitored continuously. A second Temperament Analysis was administered after the final session. The imagery procedure was associated with moderate reductions in physiological tension and significant reductions in state anxiety and three tension-related personality dimensions. Self-rest persons displayed lesser reductions in general tension with little physiological change. While biofeedback persons showed the largest reductions in physiological tension, they displayed only small and variable changes in state anxiety and personality dimensions. The data raise continued questions about the application of physiologically based operant relaxation procedures and support the use of cognitively mediated protocols for the treatment of specific or general anxiety behaviors.