ABSTRACT
The kinetics of competitive adsorption of proteins onto hexadecyltrichlorosilane coated glass (HTS-glass) from model solutions containing fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled human serum albumin (HSA-FITC) and gamma-globulin (HGG-FITC) were studied by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) spectroscopy. The processes of displacement of HSA-FITC by HGG are independent of the conformational state of HSA adsorbed onto glass. On HTS-glass, displacement of protein is hindered by the presence of large numbers of CH3-terminated alkyl tails which induce conformational (reorientational) changes in HSA-FITC and HGG-FITC adsorbed from simple solutions. In contrast to HSA, adsorption of HGG onto HTS-glass from a simple solution is characterized by the absence of irreversible adsorption in the initial portion of the kinetic curve. Competition between HSA and HGG-FITC induces replacement of end-on adsorbed HGG-FITC on HTS-glass surface with subsequent desorption of the HGG-FITC into solution. Upon further increase in the HSA concentration in solution the competition of HSA for adsorption sites prevails, which leads to a decrease in the amount of adsorbed HGG-FITC and, consequently, to a decrease in the rate of its displacement.
Subject(s)
Protein Conformation , Serum Albumin/chemistry , Silanes/chemistry , gamma-Globulins/chemistry , Adsorption , Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate , Glass/chemistry , Kinetics , Serum Albumin/physiology , Silanes/metabolism , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , Surface Properties , gamma-Globulins/physiologyABSTRACT
The use of computer graphics in nursing has not yet reached its full potential. Graphs or maps can display large amounts of data so that critical elements can be inspected in a minimal amount of time. This article discusses computer graphics in terms of their use in nursing and the need for this electronic modality in nursing curricula.
Subject(s)
Computer Graphics , Decision Making , Nursing , Curriculum , Education, Nursing , Humans , SoftwareABSTRACT
Environmental factors implicated as affecting world-wide distribution of multiple sclerosis are reviewed. It is suggested that climate may be involved in the etiology of this disease. Diffused solar radiation effects on multiple sclerosis hospital admission rates are demonstrated.
Subject(s)
Climate , Multiple Sclerosis/epidemiology , Sunlight/adverse effects , Humans , Humidity/adverse effects , Multiple Sclerosis/etiology , North Dakota , Seasons , Space-Time Clustering , United StatesABSTRACT
This exploratory study examined the effects of selected weather variables on pain and pain-related stress in osteoarthritic subjects. Urban and rural dwelling arthritics who perceived that weather made their symptoms worse and those who did not were surveyed. Some persons with osteoarthritis in urban Chicago were more weather sensitive than their rural counterparts in Grand Forks, North Dakota. Multiple regression analysis showed that precipitation affected degree of pain for urban subjects who identified weather as a pain-generating factor; barometric pressure, relative humidity and sunshine were significant factors influencing pain-related stress. Wind speed correlated with pain and pain-related stress; relative humidity and precipitation correlated with pain-related stress for urban subjects who did not perceive weather as a problem. Specific weather variables were not identified as affecting rural subjects' pain. However, temperature and barometric pressure affected degree of pain-related stress in rural subjects who perceived weather as a problem. Subtle differences between Chicago urban and Grand Forks rural climates are reflected in arthritic subjects' degree of pain and their perception of pain-related stress.