Sleep quality of nurses who worked in coping with COVID-19: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze sleep quality of nurses who worked coping with COVID-19 in scientific evidence. METHODS: an integrative review, carried out in seven databases, including studies between December 2021 and June 2022, without language restrictions. The sample consisted of 15 primary studies. RESULTS: nurses working in hospital, intensive care, outpatient care and teaching institutions constitute a vulnerable group for sleep disorders: latency, duration, efficiency and quality. The disorders identified involved insomnia at varying levels of severity: daytime dysfunction and morning sleepiness. Night work and low capacity for self-care were determinants of impaired sleep patterns. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to greater vulnerability of nurses to changes in sleep, requiring strategies for risk management and well-being promotion.

Uso dos antifúngicos no tratamento da candidíase vulvovaginal: uma revisão integrativa / Use of antifungals in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis: an integrative review

Objective: To identify scientific evidence available in the literature and analyze the action of antifungal drugs used for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Methods:Integrative literature review conducted in the databases Medline/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SCOPUS and VHL; with the descriptors "woman", "antifungal agents"; "vulvovaginal candidiasis". Results:Ten scientific articles published between 1983 and 2020 were obtained. Of these, four were developed in Iran; followed by Mexico, England, Taiwan, Thailand, Denmark, and the United States. In terms of methodological design, most studies are clinical trials (n=8), and two are cross-sectional studies. Regarding the level of evidence, eight are level II, and only two investigations are level IV. Concerning the antifungal drugs used in the treatment, there was a predominance of clotrimazole (n=4; efficacy ranging from 42.4% to 98.3%), followed by econazole (n=2; efficacy between 39% and 89%), combined or not with another antifungal drug. Conclusion: The use of clotrimazole stands out, as it is highly effective in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. This study contributes to the advancement of knowledge and improvement of the clinical practice of nursing and other health professionals. It is expected that these results will encourage further studies and update clinical practices.Descriptors:Women;Antifungal Agents;Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal

Objective: To identify scientific evidence available in the literature and analyze the action of antifungal drugs used for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Methods: Integrative literature review conducted in the databases Medline/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SCOPUS and VHL; with the descriptors "woman", "antifungal agents"; "vulvovaginal candidiasis". Results:Ten scientific articles published between 1983 and 2020 were obtained. Of these, four were developed in Iran; followed by Mexico, England, Taiwan, Thailand, Denmark, and the United States. In terms of methodological design, most studies are clinical trials (n=8), and two are cross-sectional studies. Regarding the level of evidence, eight are level II, and only two investigations are level IV. Concerning the antifungal drugs used in the treatment, there was a predominance of clotrimazole (n=4; efficacy ranging from 42.4% to 98.3%), followed by econazole (n=2; efficacy between 39% and 89%), combined or not with another antifungal drug. Conclusion:The use of clotrimazole stands out, as it is highly effective in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. This study contributes to the advancement of knowledge and improvement of the clinical practice of nursing and other health professionals. It is expected that these results will encourage further studies and update clinical practices.Descriptors:Women;Antifungal Agents;Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal

Campomanesia adamantium O Berg. fruit, native to Brazil, can protect against oxidative stress and promote longevity.

Campomanesia adamantium O. Berg. is a fruit tree species native to the Brazilian Cerrado biome whose fruits are consumed raw by the population. The present study determined the chemical composition of the C. adamantium fruit pulp (FPCA) and investigated its in vitro antioxidant potential and its biological effects in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. The chemical profile obtained by LC-DAD-MS identified 27 compounds, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and organic carboxylic acids, in addition to antioxidant lipophilic pigments and ascorbic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was analysed by the radical scavenging method. In vivo, FPCA showed no acute reproductive or locomotor toxicity. It promoted protection against thermal and oxidative stress and increased the lifespan of C. elegans. It also upregulated the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase and activated the transcription factor DAF-16. These results provide unprecedented in vitro and in vivo evidence for the potential functional use of FPCA in the prevention of oxidative stress and promotion of longevity.

Safety assessment of different unloaded polymeric nanocapsules in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Nano-sized drug delivery systems have been the subject of intense research in recent years because polymeric materials allow the absorption and release of active substances in a controlled manner. Despite the benefits, the safety of nanoparticulate systems is an aspect to be understood, particularly in vivo systems. Caenorhabditis elegans is a very useful alternative model for nanotoxicology and has been recently applied in this field. The aim of this study was to evaluate toxicological endpoints in C. elegans exposed to nanocapsules (NC) prepared with different coatings: polysorbate 80 (NCP80); polyethylene glycol (NCPEG), Eudragit® RS 100 (NCEUD) and chitosan (NCCS). Nanocapsules were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and showed acceptable physico-chemical characterization. Polyethylene glycol nanocapsules and chitosan nanocapsules increased worms lethality in a dose-dependent manner in acute exposure; polysorbate 80 nanocapsules, polyethylene glycol nanocpsules and chitonan nanocapsules also increased lethality following chronic exposure. Chitosan nanocapsules were the most toxic in all exposures, demonstrating toxicity even at low concentrations. Reproduction and body length were not affected by any of the nanocapsules exposures. The expression of superoxide dismutase showed that polysorbate 80 nanocapsules at the highest concentration slightly increased SOD-3::GFP expression. On the other hand, chitosan nanocapsules exposure blunted SOD-3 expression. This work demonstrates the toxicological differences between nanocapsule produced with different coatings and indicates higher safety for the use of eugragit nanocapsule in new formulations for future drug delivery and targeting systems.

Sleep quality of nurses who worked in coping with COVID-19: an integrative review / Calidad del sueño de enfermeros que actuaron en el enfrentamiento a la COVID-19: revisión integradora / Qualidade do sono de enfermeiros que atuaram no enfrentamento da COVID-19: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze sleep quality of nurses who worked coping with COVID-19 in scientific evidence. Methods: an integrative review, carried out in seven databases, including studies between December 2021 and June 2022, without language restrictions. The sample consisted of 15 primary studies. Results: nurses working in hospital, intensive care, outpatient care and teaching institutions constitute a vulnerable group for sleep disorders: latency, duration, efficiency and quality. The disorders identified involved insomnia at varying levels of severity: daytime dysfunction and morning sleepiness. Night work and low capacity for self-care were determinants of impaired sleep patterns. Final considerations: the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to greater vulnerability of nurses to changes in sleep, requiring strategies for risk management and well-being promotion.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la calidad del sueño de enfermeros que actuaron frente a la COVID-19 en evidencia científica. Métodos: revisión integradora, realizada en siete bases de datos, incluyendo estudios entre diciembre de 2021 y junio de 2022, sin restricciones de idioma. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 15 estudios primarios. Resultados: los enfermeros que trabajan en instituciones hospitalarias, de cuidados intensivos, de atención ambulatoria y de enseñanza constituyen un grupo vulnerable para los trastornos del sueño: latencia, duración, eficiencia y calidad. Los trastornos identificados involucraron insomnio en diferentes niveles de severidad: disfunción diurna y somnolencia matutina. El trabajo nocturno y la baja capacidad de autocuidado fueron determinantes de los patrones de sueño alterados. Consideraciones finales: la pandemia de COVID-19 contribuyó para mayor vulnerabilidad de los enfermeros a los cambios en el sueño, requiriendo estrategias de gestión de riesgos y promoción del bienestar.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar nas evidências científicas a qualidade do sono de enfermeiros que atuaram no enfrentamento da COVID-19. Métodos: revisão integrativa, realizada em sete bases de dados, incluindo estudos entre dezembro de 2021 e junho de 2022, sem restrições de idioma. A amostra foi constituída por 15 estudos primários. Resultados: os enfermeiros atuantes na assistência hospitalar, intensiva, ambulatorial e de instituição de ensino constituem grupo vulnerável para alterações no sono: latência, duração, eficiência e qualidade. Os transtornos identificados envolveram a insônia em níveis variados de gravidade: a disfunção diurna e a sonolência matinal. O trabalho noturno e a baixa capacidade para autocuidado foram determinantes do comprometimento no padrão de sono. Considerações finais: a pandemia de COVID-19 contribuiu para maior vulnerabilidade do enfermeiro às alterações no sono, exigindo estratégias para gerenciamento do risco e da promoção do bem-estar.

Ansiedade devido à pandemia pelo SARS-CoV-2: análise de vídeos do YouTubeTM / Anxiety due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: analysis of YouTubeTMvideos

Objetivo: Analisar os conteúdos disponíveis na plataforma YouTubeTM acerca da ansiedade devido à pandemia pelo SARS-CoV-2.Métodos:Trata-se de um estudo transversal e analítico, com 404 vídeos da Plataforma YouTubeTM, utilizando-se das produções com acesso livre aos não assinantes dos conteúdos premium. O tipo de amostragem utilizada foi a não probabilística em sequência. Utilizaram-se os testes Exato de Fischer e Qui-quadrado de Pearson para análise. Resultados: Os vídeos contemplam, sobretudo, ansiedade pela COVID-19(48%). Houve associação significativa entre caracterização e tipo de canal (p<0,001), caracterização e subtemas (p=0,021) e caracterização e os personagens (p<0,001).Conclusão: A maior parte dos vídeos foi de duração intermediária, com personagens humanos e sobre o subtema "ansiedade pela COVID-19". Em relação às referências, a maior parte dos vídeos não continha essa informação. Descritores: Ansiedade. COVID-19. Pandemias. Acesso à Informação. Coronavírus.

Objective: To analyze the contents about anxiety due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic available in the YouTubeTMplatform. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted with 404videos from the YouTubeTMplatform, resorting to productions offering free access to premiumcontent non-subscribers. The sampling type used was sequential non-probabilistic. Fisher's Exactand Pearson's Chi-square tests were employed for the analysis. Results: The videos especially contemplate anxiety due to COVID-19(48%). There was a significant association between characterization and type of channel(p<0.001), characterization and subtopics(p=0.021) and characterization and characters(p<0.001). Conclusion: Most of the videos were average in length, included human characters and, especially, the topic of "anxiety due to COVID-19". In relation to references, most of the videos did not include this information.Descriptors:Anxiety. COVID-19. Pandemics. Access to Information. Coronavirus.

Tecnologias em saúde implementadas na atenção àsaúde dacriança: revisão integrativa / Health technologies implemented in child health care: integrative review / Tecnologías sanitarias implementadas en la atención de salud infantil: revisión integrativa

Objetivo: analisar na literatura as tecnologias em saúde implementadas na atenção à saúde da criança no contexto de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método:trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. O acesso aos bancos de dados e bases de dados foi realizado em agosto de 2021, por meio do portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Foram utilizados os seguintes bancos de dados (Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS); Medline via Pubmed) e bases de dados (CINAHL; Scopus; Web of Science; Embase e Cochrane Library). Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva, empregando-se o critério de similaridade semântica para guiar a síntese dos resultados. Resultados:Foram recuperados 543 estudos, após a primeira fase de seleção resultaram 89 artigos, após leitura na íntegra compuseram a amostra final 18 estudos. As categorias temáticas que emergiram após análise foram: Tecnologias em saúde implementadas aos profissionais de saúde no cuidado a criança na atenção primária. 2. Tecnologias em saúde implementas aos usuários no cuidado a criança na atenção primária. Conclusão:Como principais achados dessa análise, destacam-se as tecnologias implementadas e os benefícios de suas aplicações. Nesse sentido, as ferramentas aqui descritas, podem auxiliar pesquisadores e profissionais no desenvolvimento de intervenções com benefícios comprovados, para uma melhor atenção à saúde da criança e assim, seguirem os princípios da prática baseada em evidência.

Objective: to analyze in the literature the health technologies implemented in child health care in the context of Primary Health Care. Method: this is an integrative literature review. Access to databases and databases was carried out in August 2021, through the journals portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). The following databases (Virtual Health Library (VHL); Medline via Pubmed) and databases (CINAHL; Scopus; Web of Science; Embase and Cochrane Library) were used. Data were analyzed descriptively, using the semantic similarity criterion to guide the synthesis of results. Results: 543 studies were retrieved, after the first selection phase, 89 articles resulted, after reading in full, 18 studies made up the final sample. The thematic categories that emerged after analysis were: Health technologies implemented to health professionals in child care in primary care. 2. Health technologies implemented to users in the care of children in primary care. Conclusion: As the main findings of this analysis, the technologies implemented and the benefits of their applications stand out. In this sense, the tools described here can help researchers and professionals in the development of interventions with proven benefits, for better attention to children's health and, thus, following the principles of evidence-based practice.

Objetivo: analizar en la literatura las tecnologías sanitarias implementadas en la atención a la salud del niño en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura. El acceso a bases de datos y bases de datos se realizó en agosto de 2021, a través del portal de revistas de la Coordinación para el Perfeccionamiento del Personal de Educación Superior (CAPES). Se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos (Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS); Medline vía Pubmed) y bases de datos (CINAHL; Scopus; Web of Science; Embase y Cochrane Library). Los datos fueron analizados descriptivamente, utilizando el criterio de similitud semántica para guiar la síntesis de los resultados. Resultados: se recuperaron 543 estudios, luego de la primera fase de selección resultaron 89 artículos, después de la lectura completa, 18 estudios conformaron la muestra final. Las categorías temáticas que surgieron después del análisis fueron: Tecnologías en salud implementadas a los profesionales de la salud en el cuidado del niño en la atención primaria. 2. Tecnologías sanitarias implementadas a usuarios en el cuidado de niños en atención primaria. Conclusión: Como principales hallazgos de este análisis se destacan las tecnologías implementadas y los beneficios de sus aplicaciones. En ese sentido, las herramientas aquí descritas pueden ayudar a investigadores y profesionales en el desarrollo de intervenciones con beneficios probados, para una mejor atención a la salud infantil y, así, siguiendo los principios de la práctica basada en evidencia.

The Symbiotic Effect of a New Nutraceutical with Yeast ß-Glucan, Prebiotics, Minerals, and Silybum marianum (Silymarin) for Recovering Metabolic Homeostasis via Pgc-1α, Il-6, and Il-10 Gene Expression in a Type-2 Diabetes Obesity Model.

The use of natural products and derivatives for the prevention and control of non-communicable chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and hepatic steatosis is a way to achieve homeostasis through different metabolic pathways. Thus, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups: high-fat diet (HFD) vehicle, HFD + Supplemented, HFD + Supplemented_S, and isolated compounds. The vehicle and experimental formulations were administered orally by gavage once a day over the four weeks of the diet (28 consecutive days). We evaluated the energy homeostasis, cytokines, and mitochondrial gene expression in these groups of mice. After four weeks of supplementation, only the new nutraceutical group (HFD + Supplemented) experienced reduced fasting glycemia, insulin, HOMA index, HOMA-ß, dyslipidemia, ectopic fat deposition, and hepatic fibrosis levels. Additionally, the PPARγ coactivator 1 α (Pgc-1α), interleukin-6 (Il-6), and interleukin-10 (Il-10) gene expression were augmented, while hepatic steatosis decreased and liver parenchyma was recovered. The glutathione-S-transferase activity status was found to be modulated by the supplement. We discovered that the new nutraceutical was able to improve insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis mainly by regulating IL-6, IL-10, and Pgc-1α gene expression.

Novel nutraceutical supplements with yeast ß-glucan, prebiotics, minerals, and Silybum marianum (silymarin) ameliorate obesity-related metabolic and clinical parameters: A double-blind randomized trial.

Purpose: It is known that obesity has a multifactorial etiology that involves genetic and environmental factors. The WHO estimates the worldwide prevalence of 1.9 billion overweight adults and more than 650 million people with obesity. These alarming data highlight the high and growing prevalence of obesity and represent a risk factor for the development and aggravation of other chronic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is frequently considered the hepatic outcome of type 2 diabetes. The use of non-pharmacological therapies such as food supplements, nutraceuticals, and natural integrative therapies has grown as an alternative tool for obesity-related diseases compared to conventional medications. However, it is a still little explored research field and lacks scientific evidence of therapeutic effectiveness. Considering this, the aim is to evaluate whether a new nutraceutical supplement composition can improve and supply essential mineral nutrients, providing an improvement of obesity-related metabolic and endocrine parameters. Methods: Sedentary volunteers (women and men) with body mass index (BMI) ≤34.9 kg/m2 were divided into two groups: Novel Nutraceutical Supplement_(S) (n = 30) and Novel Nutraceutical Supplement (n = 29), differing in the absence (S) or presence of silymarin, respectively. Volunteers were instructed to take two capsules in the morning and two capsules in the evening. No nutritional intervention was performed during the study period. The data (anthropometrics and anamneses) and harvest blood (biochemistry and hormonal exams) were collected at three different time points: baseline time [day 0 (T0)], day 90 (T90), and day 180 (T180) post-supplementation. Results: In the anthropometric analysis, the waist circumference in middle abdomen (WC-mid) and waist circumference in iliac crest (WC-IC) were reduced. Also, the waist-to-height ratio (WHt R) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) seem to slightly decrease alongside the supplementation period with both nutraceutical supplements tested as well as transaminase enzyme ratio [aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR)], a known as a biomarker of NAFLD, and endocrine hormones cortisol and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at 90 and 180 days post-supplementation. Conclusions: In a condition associated with sedentary and no nutritional intervention, the new nutraceutical supplement composition demonstrated the ability to be a strong and newfangled tool to improve important biomarkers associated with obesity and its comorbidities.

Tecnologias educacionais em saúde mental para trabalhadores: revisão integrativa / Tecnologías educativas en salud mental para trabajadores: revisión integradora de la literatura / Education technologies in mental health for workers: an integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Identificar na literatura científica as tecnologias educacionais em saúde mental desenvolvidas ou voltadas para os trabalhadores. Métodos Revisão integrativa, realizada em maio de 2021, nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), acessada por meio do portal PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science e Embase. Utilizou-se a estratégia População Interesse Contexto, na qual foram combinados descritores controlados e não controlados com os operadores booleanos OR e AND. Para tanto, fez-se uso do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A análise crítica e a síntese qualitativa dos oito estudos selecionados foram realizadas de forma descritiva. Resultados Das tecnologias utilizadas para educação em saúde mental de trabalhadores, houve predomínio de vídeos educativos. Ademais, também surgiram outros tipos de tecnologias, como: softwares e material por escrito. Sete tecnologias demonstraram aumento do conhecimento dos trabalhadores que foram submetidos a elas. Quanto aos temas que foram abordados, houve predominância da depressão e da demência. Conclusão Foi possível observar que as tecnologias utilizadas colaboraram com o conhecimento sobre a saúde mental de trabalhadores.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar en la literatura científica las tecnologías educativas en salud mental desarrolladas o destinadas a los trabajadores. Métodos Revisión integradora, realizada en mayo de 2021, en las bases de datos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), a la que se ingresó por medio del portal PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science y Embase. Se utilizó la estrategia Población Interés Contexto, en la cual se combinaron descriptores controlados y no controlados con los operadores booleanos OR y AND. Para eso, se usó el Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. De los ocho estudios seleccionados, se realizó el análisis crítico y la síntesis cualitativa de forma descriptiva. Resultados De las tecnologías utilizadas para la educación en salud mental de trabajadores, predominaron los videos educativos. También surgieron otros tipos de tecnologías, como software y material escrito. Siete tecnologías demostraron un aumento del conocimiento de los trabajadores que las utilizaron. Respecto a los temas que fueron abordados, predominaron depresión y demencia. Conclusión Fue posible observar que las tecnologías utilizadas colaboraron con el conocimiento sobre la salud mental de trabajadores.

Abstract Objective To identify in the scientific literature the educational technologies in mental health developed for or directed at workers. Methods This integrative review was carried out in May 2021 on the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), accessed through the PubMed portal, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The Population, Interest, Context strategy was used, in which controlled and uncontrolled descriptors were combined with Boolean operators OR and. For such, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were used. The critical analysis and qualitative synthesis of the eight selected studies were performed descriptively. Results Among the technologies used for the mental health education of workers, there was a predominance of educational videos. Moreover, other technology types such as software and written materials also emerged. Seven technologies demonstrated an increase in the knowledge of workers subjected to them. Regarding the addressed themes, there was a predominance of depression and dementia. Conclusion It was possible to observe that the technologies used collaborated with the mental health knowledge of workers.

A novel supplement with yeast ß-glucan, prebiotic, minerals and Silybum marianum synergistically modulates metabolic and inflammatory pathways and improves steatosis in obese mice.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the synergic effects of a novel oral supplement formulation, containing prebiotics, yeast ß-glucans, minerals and silymarin (Silybum marianum), on lipid and glycidic metabolism, inflammatory and mitochondrial proteins of the liver, in control and high-fat diet-induced obese mice. METHODS: After an acclimation period, 32 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups: nonfat diet (NFD) vehicle, NFD supplemented, high-fat diet (HFD) vehicle and HFD supplemented. The vehicle and experimental formulation were administered orally by gavage once a day during the last four weeks of the diet (28 consecutive days). We then evaluated energy homeostasis, inflammation, and mitochondrial protein expression in these groups of mice. RESULTS: After four weeks of supplementation, study groups experienced reduced glycemia, dyslipidemia, fat, and hepatic fibrosis levels. Additionally, proliferator-activated receptor-α, AMP-activated protein kinase-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α, and mitochondrial transcription factor A expression levels were augmented; however, levels of inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB kinase subunit α and p65 nuclear factor-κB expression, and oxidative markers were reduced. Notably, the cortisol/C-reactive protein ratio, a well-characterized marker of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis immune interface status, was found to be modulated by the supplement. CONCLUSION: We discovered that the novel supplement was able to modify different antioxidant, metabolic and inflammatory pathways, improving the energy homeostasis and inflammatory status, and consequently alleviated hepatic steatosis.

A novel supplement with yeast β-glucan, prebiotic, minerals and Silybum marianum synergistically modulates metabolic and inflammatory pathways and improves steatosis in obese mice / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the synergic effects of a novel oral supplement formulation, containing prebiotics, yeast β-glucans, minerals and silymarin (Silybum marianum), on lipid and glycidic metabolism, inflammatory and mitochondrial proteins of the liver, in control and high-fat diet-induced obese mice.@*METHODS@#After an acclimation period, 32 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups: nonfat diet (NFD) vehicle, NFD supplemented, high-fat diet (HFD) vehicle and HFD supplemented. The vehicle and experimental formulation were administered orally by gavage once a day during the last four weeks of the diet (28 consecutive days). We then evaluated energy homeostasis, inflammation, and mitochondrial protein expression in these groups of mice.@*RESULTS@#After four weeks of supplementation, study groups experienced reduced glycemia, dyslipidemia, fat, and hepatic fibrosis levels. Additionally, proliferator-activated receptor-α, AMP-activated protein kinase-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α, and mitochondrial transcription factor A expression levels were augmented; however, levels of inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB kinase subunit α and p65 nuclear factor-κB expression, and oxidative markers were reduced. Notably, the cortisol/C-reactive protein ratio, a well-characterized marker of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis immune interface status, was found to be modulated by the supplement.@*CONCLUSION@#We discovered that the novel supplement was able to modify different antioxidant, metabolic and inflammatory pathways, improving the energy homeostasis and inflammatory status, and consequently alleviated hepatic steatosis.

Propriedades psicométricas do protocolo de sistema diagnóstico Operationalization of Psychodynamic Diagnosis 2 (OPD-2) em pacientes com transtorno mental grave em psicoterapia / Psychometric properties of the Operationalization of Psychodynamic Diagnosis 2 (OPD-2) diagnostic system protocol in patients with severe mental disorder undergoing psychotherapy

INTRODUCTION: In order to expand the descriptive classification of symptoms in mental disorders, and to bring empirical consistency to psychodynamic/psychoanalytic models, a multiaxial instrument called Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2) has been developed, allowing psychotherapy research to encompass the complexity of the relationships between conditions and factors that determine the phenomena of mental pathologies, from a psychodynamic point of view. METHODOLOGY: Longitudinal naturalistic study with 80 outpatients with severe mental disorders, who were treated with a) psychodynamic psychotherapy, b) interpersonal psychotherapy and c) cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. All patients were interviewed at baseline and after six months, according to OPD-2's criteria. They all also completed two self-report measures (WHOQOL-BREF and SCL-90R) to evaluate symptoms and quality of life at each assessment point. RESULTS: According to OPD-2's axis I, better personal resources, psychosocial support, and introspective capacity significantly correlated with fewer symptoms in the BDI's and SCL-90's measures. Also, symptoms' reduction and quality of life's domains significantly correlated with items that assessed OPD-2's "desire for care versus autarchy" and "identity" conflicts. There was also a significant correlation between all items that evaluate structural functioning according to OPD-2 and the SCL-90R's psychotic index. Regarding predictive validity analysis, we observed mean differences in the structural functioning of patients with a history of suicide attempt and previous history of hospitalization. DISCUSSION: results support that OPD-2's criteria significantly correlates with data from validated self-report measures. When administered by trained raters, OPD-2 displayed good quality in assessing patients' conflicts and structural issues. This evidence suggests that the Brazilian version of OPD-2 is a valid and reliable instrument in evaluating psychodynamic properties and can be a useful tool within the clinical and research contexts. (AU)

Correlation of Body Mass Index (BMI), initial neutralizing antibodies (nAb), ABO group and kinetics of nAb and anti-nucleocapsid (NP) SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent plasma (CCP) donors: A longitudinal study with proposals for better quality of CCP collections.

IntroductionA cohort of COVID-19 convalescent volunteers allowed the study of neutralizing (nAb) and ligand antibodies kinetics by providing sequential samples during a median of 100 days after onset of disease. Material and MethodsA cohort of previously RT-PCR+ve (detected by nasopharyngeal swab during the acute phase), male convalescent patients, all with mild symptoms, were enrolled on serial blood sample collection for evaluation of longitudinal nAb titers and anti-nucleocapsid (NP) antibodies (IgM, IgG and IgA). Nabs were detected by a cytopathic effect-based virus neutralization test (CPE-based VNT), carried out with SARS-CoV-2 (GenBank: MT350282) ResultsA total of 78 male volunteers provided 316 samples, spanning a total of 4820 days of study. Although only 25% of donors kept nAb titers [≥]160, after a median of 100 days after the onset of disease, there was a high probability of sustaining nAB titers [≥]160 in volunteers whose initial nAb titer was [≥]1280, weight [≥] 90kg or BMI classified as overweight or obese, evidenced by Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox hazard regression. There was no correlation between ABO group, ABO antibody titers and persistent high nAb titers. High IgG anti-NP (S/CO [≥]5.0) is a good surrogate for detecting nAB [≥]160, defined by ROC curve (sensitivity = 90.5%; CI95% 84.5-94.7%) ConclusionSelection of CCP donors for multiple collections based on initial high nAb titers ([≥]1280) or overweight/obese (BMI) provides a simple strategy to achieve higher quality in CCP programs. High IgG anti-NP levels can also be used as surrogate markers for high nAb screening.

Building and validating an educational video for elderly individuals about fall risks.

OBJECTIVE: to build and validate educational video for elderly individuals about fall risks. METHODS: methodological study with video building. validated by 22 judges and assessed by 22 elderly individuals. Content was selected from the Fall Prevention Model and items from the Falls Risk Awareness Questionnaire. Items with an agreement greater than 0.80 were considered valid. verified through Content Validation Index (CVI) and binomial test. RESULTS: building the video was guided by the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. Digital animation and audio narration were used. It lasted ten minutes and five seconds and included biological. socioeconomic. behavioral and environmental risks as well as precautions to avoid them. The CVI of judges had an average of 0.99. and of elderly individuals. an average of 1.0. CONCLUSION: the video was built and validated for content and understanding and can be used to prevent falls in elderly individuals.

CORRELATION BETWEEN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY SCREENING BY IMMUNOASSAY AND NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY TESTING

BackgroundPassive antibody therapy with convalescent plasma (CP) represents a promising alternative for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The efficacy of CP therapy has been associated with high titers of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in the plasma of recovered patients, but the assays for quantifying nAbs are not widely available. Our goal was to develop a strategy to predict high titers of nAbs based on the results of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays and the clinical characteristics of the CP potential donors. MethodsTwo hundred and fourteen CP donors were enrolled and tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using two commercial immunoassays (IA): Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG EUROIMMUN and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Chemiluminescence IgG Abbott. In parallel, quantification of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) was performed using the Cytopathic effect-based virus neutralization test (CPE-VNT). Three criteria for identifying donors with high titers of nAbs ([≥]1:160) were tested: - Criterion1: Curve ROC Method; - Criterion 2: Conditional decision tree considering only the results from the IA and -Criterion 3: Conditional decision tree including both the IA results and the clinical variables. ResultsThe performance of Abbott and EUROIMMUN immunoassays was similar referring to both S/CO and predictive value for identifying nAbs titers [≥] 1:160. Regarding the three studied criteria for identifying CP donors with high nAbs titers ([≥] 1:160): 1) Criterion 1 showed 76.1% accuracy when the S/CO cut-off of 4.65 was used, 2) Criterion 2 presented 76.1% accuracy if the S/CO [≥] 4.57 was applied and 3) Criterion 3 had 71.6% accuracy if either S/CO [≥] 4.57 or S/CO between 2.68 and 4.57 and the last COVID-19-related symptoms occurred less than 19 days from donor recruiting were used. ConclusionThe results of SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays (S/CO) can be used to predict high nAbs titers of potential CP donors. This study has proposed three different criteria for identifying donors with [≥] 1:160 nAbs titer based on either solely S/CO results or S/CO together with clinical variables, all with high efficacy and accuracy.

Baru Pulp (Dipteryx alata Vogel): Fruit from the Brazilian Savanna Protects against Oxidative Stress and Increases the Life Expectancy of Caenorhabditis elegans via SOD-3 and DAF-16.

Fruits are sources of bioactive compounds that are responsible for several biological activities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the chemical composition of the pulp of the Brazilian Savanna fruit Dipteryx alata; evaluate its toxic effects, influence on the life expectancy of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and its antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo; and describe the mechanisms involved. The chemical compounds identified include phenols, terpenes, fatty acid derivatives, vitamins, and a carboxylic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was demonstrated by radical scavenging methods. In vivo, the D. alata fruit pulp was not toxic and promoted resistance to oxidative stress in nematodes exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent. Furthermore, it promoted an increased life expectancy in wild-type nematodes and increased the expression of superoxide dismutase and the nuclear translocation of DAF-16. These results suggest that the beneficial effects identified are related to these two genes, which are involved in the regulation of metabolic activities, the control of oxidative stress, and the lifespan of C. elegans. These beneficial effects, which may be related to its chemical constituents, demonstrate its potential use as a functional and/or nutraceutical food.

Leave of absence due to depression.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the occurrence of leave of absence due to depression among workers. METHOD: census, descriptive-analytical study, with retrospective collection. Population composed of 2,267 workers on leave due to depression with data from the Unified Benefits Information System. The independent variables were: sex, age group, income; county, origin, number of leaves of absence and type of benefit. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used and the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied. The variables that presented a value of p≤0.20 were submitted to logistic regression. RESULTS: there was a predominance of females, age ≥50 years, from the capital, with income of one to two minimum wages, urban origin and single removal. Single leaves of absence occurred mainly due to a mild depressive episode and the benefit granted to the significant majority was social security sickness benefit. Among those who were on leave of absence more than once, the main cause was recurrent depressive disorder, a current mild episode and, in terms of benefit, social security sickness benefit. There was a statistical association between total time and absence from work. In logistic regression, it was found that the time ≥60 days, was 3.1 times longer in recurrent depressive disorder. CONCLUSION: there were an expressive quantitative number of absences due to depression, in which it was observed, especially, that the absence time remained long.

Leave of absence due to depression / Afastamentos laborais por depressão / Ausencias laborales por depresión

Objective: to analyze the occurrence of leave of absence due to depression among workers. Method: census, descriptive-analytical study, with retrospective collection. Population composed of 2,267 workers on leave due to depression with data from the Unified Benefits Information System. The independent variables were: sex, age group, income; county, origin, number of leaves of absence and type of benefit. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used and the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied. The variables that presented a value of p≤0.20 were submitted to logistic regression. Results: there was a predominance of females, age ≥50 years, from the capital, with income of one to two minimum wages, urban origin and single removal. Single leaves of absence occurred mainly due to a mild depressive episode and the benefit granted to the significant majority was social security sickness benefit. Among those who were on leave of absence more than once, the main cause was recurrent depressive disorder, a current mild episode and, in terms of benefit, social security sickness benefit. There was a statistical association between total time and absence from work. In logistic regression, it was found that the time ≥60 days, was 3.1 times longer in recurrent depressive disorder. Conclusion: there were an expressive quantitative number of absences due to depression, in which it was observed, especially, that the absence time remained long.

Objetivo: analisar a ocorrência de afastamentos das atividades laborais motivados pela depressão. Método: estudo censitário, descritivo-analítico, com coleta retrospectiva. População composta por 2267 trabalhadores afastados por depressão com dados procedentes do Sistema Único de Informações de Benefícios. As variáveis independentes foram: sexo, faixa etária, renda, município, procedência, quantidade de afastamentos e tipo de benefício. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e foram aplicados os testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. As variáveis que apresentaram valor de p≤0,20 foram submetidas à regressão logística. Resultados: houve a predominância do sexo feminino, idade ≥50 anos, da capital, com renda de um a dois salários mínimos, procedência urbana e único afastamento. Os afastamentos únicos ocorreram, principalmente, por episódio depressivo leve e o benefício concedido para a expressiva maioria foi o auxílio-doença previdenciário. Entre os que se afastaram mais de uma vez, a principal causa foi o transtorno depressivo recorrente, episódio atual leve e, quanto ao benefício, foi o auxílio-doença previdenciário. Houve associação estatística entre o tempo total e os afastamentos ao trabalho. Na regressão logística, verificou-se que o tempo ≥60 dias foi 3,1 vezes maior no transtorno depressivo recorrente. Conclusão: verificou-se um quantitativo expressivo de ocorrência de afastamentos devido à depressão no qual se observou, especialmente, que o tempo de afastamento manteve-se longo.

Objetivo: analizar la ocurrencia de ausencias laborales por depresión. Método: estudio censal, descriptivo analítico, con recogida de datos retrospectiva. Población compuesta por 2267 trabajadores con ausencias laborales por depresión, con datos procedentes del Sistema Único de Informaciones de Beneficios. Las variables independientes fueron: sexo, intervalo etario, renta, municipio, procedencia, cantidad de licencias médicas y tipo de beneficio. Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizaron estadística descriptiva y se aplicaron las pruebas chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher. Las variables que presentaron valor de p≤0,20 fueron sometidas a regresión logística. Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino, edad ≥50 años, de la capital, renta de uno a dos salarios mínimos, procedencia urbana y única ausencia laboral.. Principalmente, las ausencias únicas ocurrieron por episodio depresivo leve y el beneficio, para la expresiva mayoría, fue el auxilio por enfermedad de la seguridad social. Entre los que obtuvieron licencias médicas más de una vez, la principal causa fue el trastorno depresivo recurrente, episodio actual leve; en cuanto al beneficio, el auxilio por enfermedad fue de la seguridad social. Hubo asociación estadística entre el tiempo total y las ausencias laborales.. En la regresión logística, se verificó que el tiempo ≥60 días fue 3,1 veces mayor en el trastorno depresivo recurrente. Conclusión: se verificó una cantidad expresiva de ocurrencia de ausencias, debido a la depresión, en la cual se observó, especialmente, que el tiempo de ausencia se mantuvo extenso.