Psychosomatics in Eating Disorders.

BACKGROUND: To study the psychosomatic options and dynamics in patients with eating disorders. To conduct a comparative study of psychosomatic characteristics of surveyed patients with eating disorders, taking into account the duration and severity of protein-energy deficiency and levels of catecholamines excretion; to reveal features of mental working capacity, basic mental processes and EEG data at different stages of eating disorders; to develop scientifically based effective methods and means for correcting pathological changes that have arisen as a result of prolonged protein-energy deficiency in eating disorders. METHODS: Catamnestic, statistical, clinico-psychopathological with somatic, psychological and laboratory examination, anthropometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, electroencephalography. Statistical analysis of collected data was processed using the program IBM SPSS Statistics 22, the confidence level p-value is ≤0.001. RESULTS: The long-term consequences of prolonged fasting in 500 women with eating disorders (ED), who applied for help at the RUDN department and were examined in 1987-2013, were studied. The most common somatic complications of prolonged protein-energy deficiency were investigated. In addition to the clinical method and anthropometry, to measure the efficiency of weight gain after prolonged alimentary deficiencies and to treat anorexia nervosa patients the pathopsychological method of "Shabalina's complex decoding" and analysis of catecholamine excretion rates in urine of patients with anorexia at different stages of therapy were used. Improvement of mental performance and general condition of the examined after applying the developed treatment was observed. Scientifically based principles of therapy, allowing to avoid complications of long-term fasting and during weight gain were suggested.

Analysis of the Quality of life and the Prevalence of Various Types of Mental Disorders in Patients with Isolated and Combined Somatic Pathology.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the work is to compare the characteristics of quality of life and mental disorders in patients in the group with isolated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and in patients with combined pathology (GERD in combination with hypothyroidism). METHODS: Symptomatic questionnaire of Yu. Alexandrovich and questionnaire SF-36 were used. The survey was conducted in 124 patients aged 18 to 65 years. RESULTS: Anxiety disorders are the most common among the mental disorders in patients with GERD, depressive and psychasthenic disorders - in patients with combined pathology. All indicators of quality of life were lower in patients with combined pathology.

Impaired Mental Age Self-Consciousness in Latent Schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: The topic of research was phenomenon of impaired age self-consciousness in non-psychotic latent schizophrenia patients defined. METHODS: The study sample comprised 141 patients with latent schizophrenia (pseudo neurotic (F21.3 - 64.5%, 91 patients), coenesthopathic (F20.8 - 25.5%, 36 patients) and pseudo psychopathic (F21.4 - 9.9%, 14 patients)) aged 16-31 (average 22.1 years old) in 2007-2019. A follow-up, experimental psychological and clinical study was conducted. RESULTS: The onset of impaired age self-identity was dominated by a radical drop of the subjective age in self-conscious mind of the patients accompanied by a tormented feeling of loss of self-dependence, role autonomy, helplessness, inability of decision making and to be answerable. Patients described this sudden condition as a loss of 'maturity feeling' and return to the juvenile perception of self. In a delusive and unclear manner, phrases such as 'I feel inferior to others as if a helpless child among adults', 'I feel as if my childhood is back' were uttered. Excessive worrying and enlivening of childhood memories were also included. This correlates to occurrence of humble and sometimes dependent/avoidant behavior, feeling of helplessness and fear with respect to caring for one self, rising subordination and suggestibility. CONCLUSIONS: This phenomenon of regress to earlier ontogenetic level of personal development reported as impaired age self-consciousness can thus be regarded as an obligate form of depersonalization in patients with latent schizophrenia.

Association of GA genotype of SNP rs4680 in COMT gene with psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a multigene and multifactorial skin disease with heterogeneous genetic inheritance. Mental disorders participate in the development of psoriasis as predisposing factors; a correlation of dermatological diseases with pathological anxiety and stress was shown. Meanwhile, there are no studies describing molecular mechanisms of the linkages between psycho-emotional disorders and skin diseases. The aim of this study is to find the associations between SNP in genes COMT (rs4680), DBH (rs141116007), CCKAR (rs1800857) and CCKBR (rs1805002), and psoriasis. Patients were selected according to the 10th revision of International Classification of Diseases (L-40). The sample size was 88 patients. The size of the control sample (population control) was 365 people. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP and real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using WinPepi software. Identification of complex genotypes was performed by the Monte Carlo method using APSampler 3.6.1 algorithm. Among the studied genes, only GA genotype of COMT gene is significantly associated with psoriasis [χ2 = 19.163 (p = 1.3E-5), F (p) = 1.2E-5, OR 3.47 (CI 99% = 1.61-7.91)]. At the moment, the functional significance of this phenomenon is difficult to explain.

Psychodermatology: a molecular link between psoriasis and anxiety disorder.

This article describes premises for the development of psychodermatology. An analysis of research literature and data is presented based on the example of psoriasis and anxiety disorder. Protein molecules with altered concentrations in patients with psoriasis and anxiety disorder compared to controls are identified (chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 2, corticotropin-release hormone, growth hormone 1, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor with increased concentration and brain-derived neurotrophic factor with decreased concentration). All molecules are secretory peptides. In the future, the information obtained may make it possible to pursue an in-depth study of the molecular mechanisms underlying psychodermatology.