[Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in pubertal stages of female students]. / Prevalência da síndrome metabólica nos estágios pubertários de escolares do sexo feminino.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in pubertal stages of female students. Methods Cross-sectional study of 449 school children between eight and 18 years, stratified by pubertal stage, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF %). The MS was classified according to the International Diabetes Federation. The analysis by frequency distribution, confidence intervals (95 %), Chi-square and odds ratio for associations was performed. Results The prevalence of MS was 3.3 % (CI:2 %-5 %) and 2.5 % (CI: 0.1 - 5 %) in pubertal and 7.9% (CI:3.2 % - 12.6 %) in the post-pubescent, with a significant association of this group with MS (X² = 5.2 [p <0.02]). The odds ratio shows that post-pubescent girls (3.3 [CI: 1.2 to 5]) and obese girls (2.1 [CI: 2 - 2.2]) are more likely to have MS, indicating significant linear association between BMI and the outcome (X²=29.4 [p<0.001]). Pubescent children under 10 years of age with MS had higher %G. The prevalent components were altered waist circumference (27.2 % [CI23 %-31 %]) and low HDL cholesterol (39.6 % [CI 35 % - 44 %]), as well as prevalence of systemic hypertension in post-pubertal girls. Conclusions MS begins in the pubertal stage, with prevalence in the post-pubertal stage. Excess fat is a trigger in children under 10 years of age. Prevention strategies are needed for the population of children and adolescents.

[Maternal perception of premature birth and the experience of pre-eclampsia pregnancy]. / Percepção materna com o nascimento prematuro e vivência da gravidez com pré-eclampsia.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze maternal experiences of preeclampsia pregnancy with premature birth at a neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS: A qualitative study using the focus group technique was conducted with 28 women in a facility specialized in high-risk pregnancies in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil, in 2004. Mothers included had had preeclampsia during pregnancy and a preterm delivery with consequent hospitalization of their baby at a neonatal intensive care unit. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis of three thematic nuclei subjects: information about preeclampsia during prenatal care; experiences with the preterm newborn, and their perception of neonatal intensive care unit professionals' attitudes. RESULTS: Maternal reports showed subjects' lack of knowledge with regard to preeclampsia and its association with prematurity. Difficulties inherent to the maternal role of caring for the child in the neonatal intensive care unit were identified, accentuated by communication flaws between health professionals and users. CONCLUSIONS: Some difficulties experienced by the mothers, in the context of preeclampsia and prematurity, were aggravated by lack or inadequacy of information provided to the users.

Fundamentación del abordaje cualitativo para la investigación en salud sexual y reproductiva / Fundamental aspects of a qualitative approach for research in sexual and reproductive health

Objetivo: este artículo pretende exponer la situación actual de la violencia sexual en Colombia, desde la perspectiva de una salud pública con enfoque de género. Metodología: identificación, recopilación y análisis documental de un conjunto de estudios y otras fuentes sobre violencia sexual y salud pública en Colombia correspondientes al período 1993 -2006, seleccionadas mediante revisión de bases de datos electrónicas y catálogos de bibliotecas. Resultados: se presentan algunos conceptos sobre la violencia sexual y los derechos humanos de las mujeres; se caracteriza la magnitud del problema entre las niñas y mujeres de nuestro país; se discuten algunas políticas públicas desplegadas en Colombia ante el tema; y se señalan áreas críticas para la acción futura. Conclusiones: lo encontrado conduce a considerar que es necesario estimular la reflexión, la investigación, el análisis y las acciones interdisciplinarias efectivas y sensibles a los asuntos de género en torno a este tema, que no obstante su importancia ha permanecido relegado en medio del complejo panorama de la salud pública nacional