[BIOMARKERS OF EARLY AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATIC CANCER].

There were examined 87 patients, suffering prostatic gland diseases, in whom the level of general prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood have constituted 0.5 ­ 30 ng/ml. In 27 of them prostatic gland diseases were not revealed, in 28 ­ prostatic cancer was diagnosed, and in 32 ­ benign prostatic hyperplasia. There was proved, that rate of prostatic cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia have correlated with prostatic gland volume and depended upon PSA and its isoforms concentration in the blood. The [-2] proPSA in the blood serum level have differed in all three groups, and the level of general and free PSA ­ in patients of group I, comparing with that in the groups 2 and 3. That have witnessed the possibility of determining of the [-2]proPSA content as alternative biomarker of early and differential diagnosis of prostatic cancer.

[IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS OF PROSTATIC CANCER, USING NOTI-MICROCHIPS].

The biopsy material specimens were investigated in 33 patients, examined for the prostatic cancer suspicion. In accordance to the morphological investigation data, in 15 patients a benign prostatic hyperplasia was verified, and in 18--pancreatic adenocarcinoma. NotI-Microchips of 180 clones of the third chromosome were used for determination of epigenetic changes. In 50 genes of the third chromosome a high rate of the methylation state changes (from 33 to 82%) was noted. Some changed genes take part in cancerogenesis (HMGB1L5, LRRC58, GPR149, DZIP1L, C3orf77, NUDT16) and in the prostatic gland cancer occurrence (BCL6, ITGA9, FBLN2, SOX2, LRRC3B etc.). Dependence of the genes methylation state from the clinic-morphological indices in patients with the prostatic gland cancer, including, the prostate-specific antigen level, the tumor differentiation degree in accordance to Gleason, was not established. Panel, consisting of 16 new potential markers for early and differentiated diagnosis of prostatic gland cancer, was identified: BHLHE40, FOXP1, LOC285205, ITGA9, CTDSPL, FGF12, LOC440944/SETD5, VHL, CLCN2, OSBPL10/ZNF860, LMCD1, FAM19A4, CAND2, MAP4, KY and LRRC58.

[PROGNOSTIC STRATIFICATION OF CLINICALLY LOCALLY SPREAD CANCER OF PROSTATIC GLAND].

In 2002 ­ 2015 yrs in the clinic radical prostatectomy was performed in 403 patients for prostatic cancer, including those having stage cТ3 ­ in 102 (25.3%). Basing on analysis of main risk factors, a model of prognostic stratification of clinically locally spread prostatic cancer on three groups was created: with low risk ­ in the absence of data, confirming invasion into seminal vesicles (stage cТ3а), the prostate­specific antigen (PSA) content less than 20 ng/ml, degree of cellular differentiation of tumor (Glisson's index) in accordance to biopsy data ­ 6 and less; with intermediate risk ­ while presence of one of unfavorable prognostic factors (stage cТ3b), PSA 20 ng/ml and more, Glisson's index 7 and more; with high risk ­ while presence of two and more unfavorable prognostic factors. The follow­up duration was 50,6 mo at average. Biochemical recurrence in the groups while low, intermediate and high risk presence have occurred, accordingly, in 14.3, 37.1 and 62.3% patients (р<0.05), and its occurrence risk in patients while intermediate risk present is in 3,5 times, in high risk ­ in 9.9 times bigger, than in a low risk. Stratification may appear useful for practical physicians and investigators while choosing tactics of treatment in patients with prostatic cancer clinical stage ІІІ