Diabetes mellitus risk among Jordanians in a dental setting: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Dental offices can be useful to screen and identify patients at risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM) using risk prediction tools. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a validated, questionnaire-based tool used to predict the 10-year risk of developing type II DM. OBJECTIVES: To determine the 10-year DM risk among Jordanians using the FINDRISC questionnaire in a dental setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants attending two university dental teaching centres between March 2017 and February 2018 were interviewed using an Arabic translated version of the FINDRISC questionnaire. Anthropometrics including weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Random capillary blood glucose level was measured for each participant. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square and independent t-tests. RESULTS: A total of 1,247 (436 males and 811 females) participants were included. As defined by BMI, 1,012 (81.2%) participants were either overweight or obese. Abdominal adiposity as determined by WC was seen in 738 (59.2%) participants. The mean (±â€…SD) FINDRISC score for females (11.3 ± 4.3) was significantly higher (P = 0.001) than males (10.4 ± 4.9). After age adjustment, more females were in the high-risk categories (FINDRISC ≥ 15) compared with males. This trend was seen among all age groups, but was statistically significant in the older age groups; 55-64 years (P = 0.037) and ≥ 65 years (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: In a developing Middle Eastern country such as Jordan, almost half of Jordanians attending university dental clinics are at a moderate to high risk of developing type II DM in 10 years. The risk of DM should be considered in dental patients, particularly older females.

Tongue lesions in a Jordanian population. Prevalence, symptoms, subject’sknowledge and treatment provided

Tongue lesions constitute a considerable proportion of oral mucosal lesions, and are health concern to both oralhealth care providers and public.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tongue lesions and conditions among a groupof Jordanian population attending dental clinics, in addition to assessment of their symptoms, knowledge, andtreatment provided for their tongue lesions. Study design: A total of 2000 dental out-patients were screened fortongue lesions.Results: Fissured tongue was the most common tongue lesion diagnosed in 11.5% of the subjects, followed bycoated tongue (8.2%), geographic tongue (4.8%), hairy tongue (2.4%) and median rhomboid glossitis (0.5%).Symptoms were reported by 28% of the subjects with geographic tongue and 23% with fissured tongue. The majorityof the subjects (ranging from 61.1%-86.4%) were neither aware about their tongue lesions nor worried abouttheir prognosis. Less than 50% of those who were aware of their tongue lesions sought medical advice.Conclusion: The high prevalence of tongue lesions necessitates higher awareness of the general dental practitionerby their etiology, diagnosis and management (AU)

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Tongue lesions in a Jordanian population. Prevalence, symptoms, subject's knowledge and treatment provided.

UNLABELLED: Tongue lesions constitute a considerable proportion of oral mucosal lesions, and are health concern to both oral health care providers and public. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tongue lesions and conditions among a group of Jordanian population attending dental clinics, in addition to assessment of their symptoms, knowledge, and treatment provided for their tongue lesions. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 2000 dental out-patients were screened for tongue lesions. RESULTS: Fissured tongue was the most common tongue lesion diagnosed in 11.5% of the subjects, followed by coated tongue (8.2%), geographic tongue (4.8%), hairy tongue (2.4%) and median rhomboid glossitis (0.5%). Symptoms were reported by 28% of the subjects with geographic tongue and 23% with fissured tongue. The majority of the subjects (ranging from 61.1%-86.4%) were neither aware about their tongue lesions nor worried about their prognosis. Less than 50% of those who were aware of their tongue lesions sought medical advice. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of tongue lesions necessitates higher awareness of the general dental practitioner by their etiology, diagnosis and management.

The relationship between tobacco smoking and oral colonization with Candida species.

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the quantitative and qualitative oral colonization of Candida species between a group of healthy tobacco smokers and a comparable group of nonsmokers, and to investigate a possible correlation between oral candidal colonization and the quantity or duration of the smoking habit. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty smokers and 50 nonsmokers were included in the study. Candida species were isolated using the concentrated oral rinse (COR) technique and identified using the germ tube test and API 20 C AUX yeast identification system. RESULTS: Overall candidal transmission was 84 percent. Candida species were isolated from 42 (84 percent) of the smokers and 37 (74 percent) of the nonsmokers (p>0.05). The mean CFU/ml were 333 (SD=358) and 268 (SD=332), respectively (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Tobacco smoking did not appear to increase oral colonization with Candida species in healthy subjects. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The effects of smoking on oral tissues and the mechanisms by which Candida proliferate intra-orally as a result of cigarette smoking warrant additional study.

Oral lesions in Saudi renal transplant patients.

Renal transplantation has evolved as the best treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease. Different oral problems arise in these patients, either as a direct consequence of drug-induced immunosuppression or pharmacokinetics. To determine the prevalence of intra-oral lesions in a group of medically stable Saudi renal transplant patients (RTP) and to identify possible risk factors, in comparison with age and sex-matched healthy control subjects (HCS), we studied 58 RTP and 52 HCS. All subjects had a thorough oral examination and oral lesions were diagnosed according to the clinically accepted criteria. Gingival overgrowth (GO), erythematous candidiasis (EC) and hairy leukoplakia (HL) were diagnosed in RTP with prevalence of 74.1%, 15.5%, and 8.6%, respectively. The severity of the gingival overgrowth significantly correlated with the use of cyclosporine and nifedipine combination therapy, serum cyclosporine, and serum creatinine level. In conclusions, the finding of our study strongly propose that RTP should undergo routine and regular comprehensive oral examination, and any suspicious lesion must be investigate and treated.