ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate age dependent immune-system response versus exposure to different doses of mixture of (chlorpyrifos, profenofose, and fenitrothion) and/or combined with 60 and 250 mg kg(-1) alpha lipoic acid and garlic, respectively. 120 males of albino rats were divided to two groups according to age; weaning group (2 months age and 60-80 gm.), adult (6 months and 180-200 gm). Each age was divided into 6 subgroups treated orally for 3 months , G1 (control), G2 high dose (HDPM) CPF10 mg kg(-1), PRO 3 mg kg(-1), FEN 6 mg kg(-1), G3 low dose (LDPM) CPF 1 mg kg(-1), PFN 0.3 mg kg(-1) and FEN 0.6 mg kg(-1), G4 AOX (alpha lipoic + Garlic), G5 HDPM + AOX and G6 LDPM + AOX. Results showed significant inhibition in serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE), elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) concurrent with reduction in total reduced glutathione (GSH) in both ages was recorded as well as, decrease in IGG, IGM, Lymphocyte transformation and Phagocytosis humeral and cellular immunity confirmed by alteration in lymph nodes architecture. This study was concluded that the supplementation with alpha lipoic acid and garlic improved previous alternations slightly to be more or less near the control level in both adult and weaning rats. It seems that, immune-responses of both adult and weaning rats were slightly similar.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The human CD24 antigen is a small heavily glycosylated cell surface protein, which is expressed in hematological malignancies, as well as in a large variety of solid tumors. Its expression is now known to be related to the prognosis of several kinds of tumors. This study is designed to examine the prognostic significance of CD24 in Korean gastric cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, we examined CD24 expression in 300 consecutive cases of gastric carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining using the tissue-array method. We also investigated the clinicopathological profiles related to CD24 expression. RESULTS: One hundred and three cases out of 300 (34.3%) showed the positive expression of CD24. The altered expression of CD24 was significantly associated with differentiated cancer (p=0.003), the intestinal subtype according to the Lauren classification (p<0.001), the advanced stage cancer (p=0.027), with lymphatic invasion (p=0.038) and with vascular invasion (p=0.006). The survival analysis revealed that the patients with CD24 positive expression showed significantly poorer survival than those without CD24 expression. Moreover, a combined evaluation revealed that PTEN+/CD24- cases showed the best survival compared to other groups (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: Positive CD24 expression occurs in a subset of gastric carcinomas and it correlates significantly with lymphatic invasion, blood vessel invasion and poor survival.
ABSTRACT
To clarify the genetic background of ampullary neoplasm, we investigated the occurrence of microsatellite instability (MSI) in 64 samples of neoplasm of the ampulla of Vater. Eight out of 22 adenomas (34.6%), nine out of 32 carcinomas (28.1%) and one metastatic lesion (10.0%) showed MSI in 1-3 of the nine dinucleotide markers; those cases are categorized into microsatellite instability-low (MSI-L). The remaining samples were stable with respect to all of the tested markers. None of the samples showed a frameshift mutation in the poly A-tract of BAT-26 or transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor, which are frequently mutated in gastric or colorectal cancers showing microsatellite instability. To confirm our finding, we stained 93 ampullary neoplasms with antibodies against the mismatch repair proteins: hMLH1 and hMSH2. All tumors were found to express mismatch repair proteins. In contrast to gastric or colorectal cancers, MSI does not play an important role in the carcinogenesis of ampullary carcinoma.
