ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Schwannoma is a benign neoplasm that arises from Schwannoma cells found in the peripheral nerve sheath. It's a frequent neoplasm in the head and neck area, but it's exceedingly unusual to find it in the mouth. It's a rare occurrence in the oral cavity of the pediatric age group. CASE REPORT: We present a 12-year-old kid who has had a smooth, firm, and non-tender mass in the sublingual region for the past year. The mass was removed completely using a transoral technique. The diagnosis of sublingual schwannoma was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical testing. CONCLUSION: Schwannomas are typically benign and have a good prognosis with a low risk of malignant change. It should be used as a differential diagnostic for sublingual diseases such as ranula and salivary gland lesions. In the case of lingual schwannoma, surgical removal of the tumor is the preferred therapy. The transoral method is the most popular treatment option for sublingual schwannoma.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the major health problems in the elderly population, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the significance of the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) modality for the diagnosis of PTB, in comparison to culture test. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thoracic HRCT images of the study population, comprising 124 patients clinically suspected for PTB with smear and culture reports, were analysed for sensitivity and specificity of the HRCT test. Features of active PTB were centrilobular nodules, 'tree-in-bud' pattern densities, macro-nodules, consolidations, cavitary lesions, ground-glass opacities, and miliary nodules. RESULTS: Among the study population, 108 cases presented HRCT features of active PTB and the remaining cases were negative but had presented a few features mimicking PTB. As inferred from positive culture test results, 106 cases had active PTB, the remaining cases were culture negative for PTB. False-positive (FP) or 'type I error' cases, and false-negative (FN) or 'type II error' cases were ascertained by Bayes' theorem. Sensitivity (true positive rate) and specificity (true negative rate) of HRCT test were 0.8125 and 0.8571, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: For proper diagnosis the predictive capability, as two values of 'a posteriori probability', was computed; the mean value of 'a posteriori probability' for HRCT was 0.6358. When its culture test was positive, the HRCT test was 69.56-92.85% efficient in ascertaining positive results with a sample; on the other hand, when its culture test was negative it was 66.66-100% efficient for a negative result. Thus, the HRCT test is considerably dependable.
