ABSTRACT
A decision regarding adjuvant chemotherapy in early (operable) breast cancer in the past was made entirely on the basis of clinical and pathological features. However with the growing awareness of tumor biology and the possibility of the genomic analysis to determine the molecular subtypes of breast cancer it is getting real to identify patients whose tumors are resistant to chemotherapy or vice versa benefit from its addition. Despite the fact that genomic analysis allows some patients avoiding chemotherapy (especially patients with localized breast cancer), such studies do not indicate the most appropriate chemotherapy regimens. Therefore treatment decisions should be based on a combination of biological features of the tumor, its stage and signs that characterize the patient such as age and tolerance to the side effects of therapy.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Age Factors , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism , Decision Support Techniques , Female , Humans , Mastectomy, Segmental , MicroRNAs/metabolism , Neoplasm Staging , Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism , Risk Assessment , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Preliminary data are confirmed on the more rare prevalence of family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) in cancer patients, mainly females, with diabetes in comparison with diabetics without cancer pathology. Familial diabetes does not worsen additionally tumor characteristics against the same in patients with non-familial diabetes. More than that, familial diabetes in diabetics with breast cancer goes together with lesser size of tumor and demonstrates an inclination to the rarer distant metastases in breast and endometrial cancer patients. The signs of systemic DNA damage (evaluated, in particular, on the basis of 8-OH-dG serum levels) are pronounced in postmenopausal diabetic cancer patients with familial diabetes in lesser degree than in non-familial variant of DM. In toto, this allows to consider family history of DM in patients with type-2 diabetes as a particular factor of tumor growth containment, which mechanisms and causes, warrant further studies.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , DNA Damage , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics , Endometrial Neoplasms/epidemiology , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine , Aged , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Breast Neoplasms/blood , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Deoxyguanosine/analogs & derivatives , Deoxyguanosine/blood , Endometrial Neoplasms/blood , Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , PostmenopauseSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/drug therapy , Receptors, Estrogen/analysis , Receptors, Progesterone/analysis , Aromatase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Humans , Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/chemistry , Premenopause , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/therapy , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects , Female , Fetus/drug effects , Fetus/radiation effects , Humans , Mastectomy/methods , Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods , Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/therapy , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/epidemiology , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Female , Genes, BRCA1 , Genes, BRCA2 , Humans , Lapatinib , Mutation , Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Quinazolines/therapeutic use , Quinolines/therapeutic use , RANK Ligand/antagonists & inhibitors , Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors , Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism , TrastuzumabABSTRACT
Nanobiotechnology, defined as an arm of a nano-system is a rapidly developing area of medicine. Nanomaterials ranging from 1 to 1000 nm in size offer unique advantages of interaction with biological systems on the molecular level. Nanobiotechnologies can be used in definition, diagnosis and treatment of cancer thus leading to the new development of a new discipline--nanooncology. The potential of nanoparticles to be used in in-vivo tumor visualization, biomolecular profiling of tumor growth factors and targeted drug delivery is being studied. These methods stemming from nanotechnology may soon find a broad application in oncology.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Drug Design , Nanostructures/therapeutic use , Nanotechnology/trends , Anthracyclines/administration & dosage , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Docetaxel , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Liposomes , Nanoparticles/therapeutic use , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Paclitaxel/administration & dosage , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Taxoids/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Data are presented on a randomized study (stage II) which was undertaken to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin+paclitaxel) vis-a-vis endocrine therapy with aromatase inhibitors (anastrazole or exemestane) in postmenopausal women with ER-positive and/or PgR-positive tumors. Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy was well tolerated and showed similar rates of overall response as compared with the latter regimen.
