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1.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1257405

ABSTRACT

Objectif Evaluer la fréquence des complications de l'épaule de l'hémiplégique vasculaire et identifier les facteurs associés à ces complications Méthodes C'est une étude prospective réalisée entre Juin et Octobre 2005 au Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Cocody (Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire). Elle concerne des patients admis en consultation de rééducation fonctionnelle (RF) ou en hospitalisation de neurologie.Résultats Cinquante patients âgés en moyenne de 56,6 ± 13,4 ans (extrêmes de 29 et 85 ans) avec un sexe ratio de 1,17 en faveur des femmes, recrutés le plus souvent en RF (60%) ont été inclus dans cette étude. Ils avaient un accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) principalement ischémique (72%), qui évoluait en moyenne depuis 11,3 ± 12,9 semaines. Parmi eux 28 (56%) avaient une complication de l'épaule qui était : une douleur (DL, n=25), un syndrome épaule-main (SEM, n=10) ou une subluxation (SUB, n=18). Ces complications étaient associées dans 46,4% des cas. Ces patients étaient plus âgés, avaient un AVC plus ancien, un index moteur du membre supérieur plus faible mais un niveau d'autonomie globale semblable à celui des patients sans complications. Ni l'âge, ni la durée d'évolution de l'AVC n'était différent selon le type de complication diagnostiqué. La fonctionnalité était associé à la SUB (dans 72,2% des SUB le Frenchay arm test était égal à 0 vs 37,5% chez les patients sans SUB p=0,02) tandis que le tonus des adducteurs du bras était associé à la DL (dans 40% des DL le tonus des adducteurs était égal à 1 vs 84% chez les patients ne présentant pas de DL p=0,006).Conclusion L'épaule douloureuse de l'hémiplégique est donc une complication fréquemment retrouvée dans notre étude. Des études ultérieures seront utiles pour conforter la fréquence de ces complications, l'impact des différents facteurs qui semblent s'y associer et analyser les possibilités de prise en charge tant curative que préventive dans notre milieu


Subject(s)
Cote d'Ivoire , Hemiplegia , Joints , Shoulder Joint , Shoulder Pain , Stroke
2.
J Rehabil Res Dev ; 43(2): 153-60, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16847782

ABSTRACT

The difficulties confronted by amputees during overground walking are rarely investigated. In this study, we evaluated, in real-world situations, the influence of ground surface on walking in young, active amputees by measuring temporal and spatial gait parameters (free walking speed [FWS], step length [SL], step rate), energy expenditure (EE) (e.g., oxygen uptake, oxygen cost [O(2)C]), and Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE). Ten active transtibial amputees and ten nondisabled control subjects walked at self-selected speeds on three types of ground surface (asphalt, mown lawn, and high grass). No significant differences were observed between the two groups on asphalt and mown lawn. Differences between nondisabled subjects and amputees occurred for FWS (p = 0.03) and O(2)C (p = 0.04) on asphalt and mown lawn and for all variables in high grass. When amputees (even though very active) were exposed to a particularly difficult environment, their FWS decreased (p = 0.008) and their EE and RPE increased (p = 0.005) compared with nondisabled subjects. In high grass, both groups reduced their self-selected speeds (-15% for control subjects and -16% for amputees). Control subjects reduced their velocity by reducing both SL (-8.7%) and cadence (-7.1%), whereas amputees reduced their velocity by reducing SL (-17%) only.


Subject(s)
Amputees/rehabilitation , Artificial Limbs , Energy Metabolism/physiology , Gait/physiology , Adult , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Heart Rate/physiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Probability , Reference Values , Risk Factors , Stress, Mechanical , Tibia/surgery
3.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil ; 85(5): 737-42, 2004 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15129397

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the mechanism and examine the potential diagnostic contribution of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in diagnosing painful, clonic, and/or autonomic manifestations in amputees' residual limbs. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Regional rehabilitation institute at a medical school in France. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-four amputees (24 with myoclonus, stump pain, or trophic skin disorders; 10 controls with no stump symptoms). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: TMS performed before and after correcting prosthesis adaptation. RESULTS: TMS induced pain in 12 amputees, clonic manifestations in 4, and autonomic manifestations in 2. Twelve patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging that showed neuromas in all 12. After neuroma resection in 9 amputees, TMS no longer provoked abnormal manifestations. TMS did provoke abnormal manifestations after resection in 3 patients who had postoperative recurrent neuromas. The response to TMS was negative in subjects with a clinically silent neuroma (n=7). The response was also negative in all patients with other stump anomalies whose clinical manifestations fully regressed after conservative treatment. There was a highly significant correlation between the presence of a pathologic neuroma and TMS-induced abnormal manifestations (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: TMS can provoke symptoms in patients who experience spontaneous or evoked symptoms related to a neuroma. Induced symptoms are proportional to spontaneous symptoms. Removing the neuroma can stop stump symptoms and reverse the TMS effect. The response to TMS was negative in the control subjects with clinically silent neuromas; conservative treatment was successful in these cases. TMS-induced abnormal manifestations underlying mechanisms are discussed (ephaptic transmission in neuromas).


Subject(s)
Amputation Stumps , Electrodiagnosis/methods , Electromagnetic Fields , Neuroma/diagnosis , Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Artificial Limbs , Case-Control Studies , Electric Stimulation , Evoked Potentials, Motor , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Motor Cortex/physiology , Myoclonus/etiology , Neuroma/surgery , Pain/etiology , Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms/surgery , Prospective Studies , Skin/blood supply , Vasomotor System/physiopathology
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