A comprehensive investigation of the association between menopause symptoms and problematic eating behavior in peri- and post-menopause cisgender women.

Midlife individuals assigned female at birth are at risk for problematic eating behavior, associated with negative health outcomes. Little is known about how menopausal symptoms may increase risk in this population. The current study aimed to understand how a comprehensive range of menopause symptoms were globally associated with problematic eating behaviors. A total of 281 cisgender women (176 post-menopause, 105 peri-menopause) from the United States aged 40 to 64 were recruited utilizing Prolific, an online survey platform. Participants answered questionnaires about menopause symptoms and problematic eating. Participants were selected using demographic and health information provided in a screener survey. Participants also completed the Eating Disorder Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Women's Health Questionnaire (WHQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Using Structural Equation Modeling, menopause symptoms explained 16.7 percent of the variance in problematic eating. Higher frequency and severity of anxiety, depression, sleep concerns, cognitive complaints, pain, and vasomotor symptoms was associated with greater frequency and severity of problematic eating behaviors, ß = .40, p < .001. Invariance testing showed no significant differences between peri- and postmenopausal women. These findings support the association between menopause symptoms and problematic eating in Midlife cisgender women and highlight the need for continued investigation.

Applying the Somatic Symptom Disorder Diagnosis to Individuals with Fibromyalgia: Strengths and Limitations.

Amidst broad changes to the somatic disorder diagnoses, DSM-IV pain disorder was absorbed into DSM-5's somatic symptom disorder (SSD) as a specifier. However, clinical research testing of its use for the chronic pain population has been limited and its utility remains inconclusive. Using the exemplar of fibromyalgia, this article evaluates the validity, reliability, clinical utility, and acceptability of the SSD pain specifier. The diagnosis appears to have moderate validity but low specificity for the fibromyalgia population. The pain specifier has neither undergone sufficient field testing nor been evaluated for use by medical providers, with available data suggesting low reliability. Further research is needed to establish clinical utility via assessment of differential treatment outcomes. Concerns about social, legal, and economic consequences of classifying pain patients with a mental health diagnosis are outstanding. The current SSD criteria should be used with caution among the fibromyalgia patient population until its application for chronic pain has been further researched.

Perceived discrimination and mental health outcomes in college students: the mediating effect of preventive health behaviors and social support.

Objective: To examine the role of social support and health behaviors in the association between discrimination and mental health (e.g., anxiety/depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation) among college students experiencing various forms of discrimination. Participants: Data were collected from 709 college students (42.8% White; 72.2% female) at a large urban university in Fall 2017. Methods: Students completed an online survey assessing perceived discrimination, anxiety/depressive symptoms, suicidal behavior, health behaviors, and social support. Moderation and parallel mediation analyses were conducted in PROCESS SPSS. Results: Results indicated that preventive health behaviors and social support partially mediated associations between discrimination and mental health outcomes. Conclusions: Findings highlight the need to increase awareness regarding engaging in preventive health behaviors on college campuses. For students experiencing discrimination, prevention, and social support might be key factors in improving mental health.

Race as a Potential Moderator of the Association between Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep and Global Sleep Health.

OBJECTIVES: Dysfunctional beliefs about sleep are associated with components of sleep health, but their association with global sleep health is understudied. Beliefs about sleep may systematically vary by race, which may influence the association between dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and global sleep health. This study aimed to investigate whether race influences the association between dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and global sleep health. METHODS: Data were collected as part of an online survey. Participants were Black (n = 181) and White (n = 179) adults who were matched on age, self-reported sex, and level of education. Global sleep health was measured using the RU-SATED and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep were measured using the DBAS-16. Moderation analyses were conducted to investigate whether race moderated the association between DBAS-16 total and subscale scores and RU-SATED total scores. RESULTS: Race moderated the associations between DBAS-16 total score and subscale scores and RU-SATED total score (b = 0.54, p < .001). Higher DBAS-16 scores were significantly associated with lower RU-SATED scores in the white sample, while this association was not significant in the Black sample, except for the Sleep Expectations subscale, where the association was not significant in the White sample, and it was significant in the Black sample. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight that the association between dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and global sleep health may systematically vary by race which may have implications for promoting sleep health equity in racial minority populations through clinical and advocacy work. Future studies are needed to investigate what specific factors may be impacting these unique associations.

A longitudinal examination of psychosocial mechanisms linking discrimination with objective and subjective sleep.

OBJECTIVE: Although chronic discrimination negatively impacts sleep, the cross-sectional nature of most research limits the understanding of how changes in discrimination over time are associated with sleep health. Therefore, the aims of this study were to explore the: (1) longitudinal association between daily discrimination and subjective and objective sleep; (2) mediating roles of anxiety and social well-being; and (3) moderating role of change in discrimination over time. METHODS: An archival analysis was completed using data from the Midlife in the United States study across 3 timepoints. Participants were primarily female-identifying, white, and college-educated. Measures included Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (N = 958), sleep diaries (N = 307), and actigraphy (N = 304). Daily discrimination, the Social Well-Being Scale, and the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire were also administered. Moderated parallel mediations were performed using the PROCESS macro controlling for depressive symptoms. RESULTS: More discrimination at time 1 was associated with worse global sleep quality (b = 0.10 and p = .001) and daily sleep quality (b = 0.03 and p = .02) and worse objective sleep-onset latency (b = 0.93 and p = .02), wake after sleep onset (b = 1.09 and p = .002), and sleep efficiency (b = -0.52 and p < .001) at time 3. Social well-being mediated the associations between discrimination and subjective global sleep quality 95% CI [0.00, 0.03] and daily sleep quality 95% CI [0.00, 0.01] and objective TST 95% CI [0.00, 0.96] when discrimination was increasing or chronic. Anxiety mediated the discrimination-global sleep quality association regardless of changes in discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Discrimination showed durable associations with a broad array of sleep outcomes across a 10-year period. Anxiety and social well-being linked discrimination to subjective sleep outcomes, illustrating the importance of psychosocial well-being for sleep health in those experiencing discrimination.

Interrupted lullabies: the association between menopausal symptoms and sleep variability in peri- and post-menopausal women.

Poor sleep is a reality for many midlife women experiencing menopause. Although much empirical attention has been allocated toward ameliorating vasomotor symptoms and related consequences, less focus has been given toward sleep, specifically sleep variability, in menopausal women. The present study aimed to determine the association between menopausal symptoms and night-to-night sleep variability among peri- and post-menopausal women. Participants were 220 menopausal women (42.3 percent peri-menopausal, 57.7 percent post-menopausal) aged 40 to 64 from the United States recruited via Prolific, and online platform. The current study conducted secondary analyses on data collected as part of a larger investigation on midlife women from the United States. A structural equation model assessed associations between a latent menopausal symptom construct, composed of several Women's Health Questionnaire domains, and a latent sleep variability construct, composed of sleep diary indices. Menopausal symptoms were associated with latent sleep variability (ß = 0.49, p < .05); greater experience of menopausal symptoms was associated with more night-to-night sleep variability (medium effect size). Waking after sleep onset (WASO) was the sole significant indicator of the latent sleep factor. The findings highlight the importance of menopausal symptoms for sleep variability, specifically wakefulness. As such, wakefulness may be an important target for sleep interventions for menopausal women. The findings further suggest a need for more research and interventions targeted toward understanding and ameliorating the impact of menopausal symptoms on night-to-night wakefulness overall.

Predictors of 10-year functional independence trajectories in older adults with traumatic brain injury: A Model Systems study.

BACKGROUND: Older adults have the highest traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related morbidity and mortality, and rates in older adults are increasing, chiefly due to falls. OBJECTIVE: This study used hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to examine baseline predictors of functional independence trajectories across 1, 2, 5, and 10 years after TBI in older adults. METHODS: Participants comprised 2,459 individuals aged 60 or older at the time of TBI, enrolled in the longitudinal TBI Model Systems database, and had Functional Independence Measure Motor and Cognitive subscale scores and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended scores during at least 1 time point. RESULTS: Functional independence trajectories generally declined over the 10 years after TBI. Individuals who were older, male, underrepresented minorities, had lower education, were unemployed at time of injury, had no history of substance use disorder, or had difficulties with learning, dressing, and going out of the home prior to the TBI, or longer time in posttraumatic amnesia had lower functional independence trajectories across at least one of the functional independence outcomes. CONCLUSION: These predictors of functional independence in older adults with TBI may heighten awareness of these factors in treatment planning and long-term health monitoring and ultimately as a way to decrease morbidity and mortality.

Sleep and self-efficacy: The role of domain specificity in predicting sleep health.

OBJECTIVES: Although a number of empirically supported sleep interventions exist, sleep-related beliefs remain largely unexplored as clinical tools for enhancing existing interventions. The present study aimed to determine the differential associations between general and sleep self-efficacy with sleep health among a sample of adults PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 3284 adults (Mean Age = 43 years, 48.5% female, 6.4% other-identifying, 80.8% white). MEASUREMENTS: Participants completed measures of self-efficacy (general and sleep self-efficacy) and sleep health as part of their involvement in a larger online study. General self-efficacy and sleep self-efficacy were measured with the General Self-Efficacy and Sleep Self-Efficacy scales respectively. Sleep was assessed with the RegUlarity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, Duration scale. A structural equation model was conducted to determine the associations between measures of general and sleep self-efficacy and sleep health, represented by 2-factors derived from the RegUlarity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, Duration measure. RESULTS: The structural model evidenced adequate to good fit to the data and indicated that both general and sleep self-efficacies were directly associated with the latent sleep quality/quantity and circadian rhythm outcomes. Higher general and sleep self-efficacies were positively associated with sleep regularity, timing, and alertness. Higher sleep self-efficacy and lower general self-efficacy were associated with higher sleep satisfaction, duration, and efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the importance of domain specificity in the association between self-efficacy and sleep health outcomes. There is a need for more research into and application of interventions targeted toward increasing sleep self-efficacy as a potential avenue to improve sleep health.

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Arrest Probability Trajectories after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Model Systems Study.

Background: Previous literature has documented racial/ethnic differences in traumatic brain injury (TBI) risk, cause, treatment, and rehabilitation. The purpose of the current study was to investigate potential racial/ethnic differences in arrest probability trajectories over the first 10 years after TBI and whether injury and sociodemographic characteristics accounted for these differences. Methods: The current study included 13,195 participants with moderate-to-severe TBI in the TBI Model Systems National Database who had arrest data from at least one follow-up time point (Years 1, 2, 5, and/or 10). A series of hierarchical linear models assessed racial/ethnic differences in trajectories of arrest probability over these 10 years post-injury and then included socio-demographic and injury-related covariates. Results: White individuals with TBI had lower arrest probability trajectories than Black and Native American individuals, and Asian individuals with TBI had lower arrest probability trajectories than White, Black, Latinx, and Native American persons. In many cases, racial/ethnic disparities persisted even when injury and sociodemographic characteristics were covaried. Conclusion: These results suggest that rehabilitation clinicians should assess for post-injury arrest risk factors such as age, sex, education, pre-injury unemployment, arrest history, and substance abuse, particularly in Black, Latinx, and Native American groups, and integrate programming to lessen post-injury arrest probability and improve overall rehabilitation outcomes.

Sleep and Social Wellness: Does Current Subjective and Objective Sleep Inform Future Social Well-Being?

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to investigate the link between sleep and broader social well-being. Specifically, the current study evaluated whether subjective and objective sleep indices were associated with subsequent social well-being. METHODS: The archival data from the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS II and III, Project 1 and 4) were utilized for the current investigation. The participants completed cross-sectional surveys as part of their involvement in both study waves, 10 years apart. They were 213 adults, 59.6% female-identifying, with an average age of 56 years, who completed 8 days of sleep measurement via wrist actigraphy, sleep diary, as well as the PSQI. The participants also completed the measures of depressive symptoms and social well-being. RESULTS: The actigraphic total sleep time, the diary-reported sleep quality, and the global sleep quality measured by the PSQI emerged as the significant predictors of social well-being over a 10-year period. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is an initial step in providing evidence for the importance of sleep for social functioning. Future research should attend to the association between past sleep behaviors and social functioning, specifically the mechanisms by which sleep is associated with social well-being as well as the temporal associations in an adult sample.

Examining negative affect, sleep duration, and using food to cope as predictors of weight in midlife women.

Midlife women are vulnerable to developing obesity. Behavioral and psychosocial factors including sleep duration, stress eating, and negative emotionality are risk factors. However, little is known about the complex daily interplay between sleep, eating, emotion, and weight among midlife women. The current study examined how daily sleep, using food to cope, and negative emotionality are associated with weight using a daily process research design. An archival analysis was performed using the Midlife in the United States-II study (MIDUS II). The sample consisted of 489 midlife women (40-64 years of age). Variables included ecological momentary assessments of daily sleep duration, using food to cope, and negative affect (means and intraindividual variability) and a standardized measurement of BMI. Sleep duration variability was a significant predictor of BMI, albeit the model only accounted for .8% of the variance in BMI (b = .019, p < .05). In the final adjusted model, sleep duration variability, using food to cope, age, and physical activity were all significant predictors of BMI F(5, 559) = 21.503, p < .001, R2 = .161, ⨂R2 = .024, p = .001. Variability in negative affect, mean sleep duration or negative affect and the interactions between sleep duration (mean, variability) and negative affect (mean, variability) were not significant. Greater variability in sleep duration and greater use of food to cope predicted higher BMI in this sample across age and physical activity levels. Results highlight that daily health and psychosocial factors play an important role in weight.

Duty-related stressors, adjustment, and the role of coping processes in first responders: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: A core challenge in working with first responders worldwide (e.g., firefighters, emergency service personnel, police officers) is identifying theoretically and empirically based individual-level factors that are associated with adjustment and that can be translated to interventions. The transactional model of stress and coping provides an excellent framework to guide interventions with first responders, yet no review to date has explicitly and comprehensively focused on coping responses in this population. METHOD: The current study systematically evaluated global evidence linking primary appraisals and coping efforts to mental health and behavioral risk-taking in first responders, with an eye toward their application to interventions. RESULTS: Seventeen studies from eight countries met review criteria and were summarized. Studies of coping efforts predominated; only two studies assessed primary appraisals. Overall, disengaged coping efforts, relative to engaged coping, were more often associated with adjustment. Further, for engaged coping, associations with adjustment largely were present for cognitive, versus behavioral, strategies; for disengaged coping, cognitive and behavioral strategies were associated equally with poorer adjustment. Two thirds of the studies assessed posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms. Given the nature of PTS, use of disengaged strategies may particularly exacerbate these symptoms relative to other adjustment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Additional research focused on both primary appraisals and coping efforts and that employs longitudinal designs would expand our understanding of the role of coping processes in first responders' adjustment to duty-related stress. Further, these data suggest that interventions targeting individuals (vs. systems or environments) should focus on replacing cognitive and behavioral disengaged coping strategies with engaged strategies that are cognitive in nature. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Sleep and Cognition: A Narrative Review Focused on Older Adults.

Little is known regarding sleep's association with the traditional developmental course of late-life cognitive functioning. As the number of older adults increases worldwide, an enhanced understanding of age-related changes in sleep and cognition is necessary to slow decline and promote optimal aging. This review synthesizes the extant literature on sleep and cognitive function in healthy older adults, older adults with insomnia, and older adults with sleep apnea, incorporating information on the potential promising effects of treating poor sleep on cognitive outcomes in older adults. Unifying theories of the sleep-cognition association, possible mechanisms of action, and important unanswered questions are identified.

Links between Savoring, Rumination, and Sleep-Related Experiences across Adulthood: Implications for Older Adults.

OBJECTIVES: Sleep problems are pervasive, particularly in older adults. Much work examines psychological factors that adversely affect sleep; fewer studies examine those with a positive effect. Savoring is a form of positive repetitive thought that is linked to several aspects of health but has been understudied in relation to sleep. We examined cross-sectional associations of both savoring and rumination with subjective sleep experiences, and assessed if these associations vary by age. METHODS: Adults and older adults (N = 216) ranging from 20-80 years in age (M = 44.9 ± 15.6 years) completed an online survey of validated measures of savoring, rumination, sleep disturbance, and sleep-related impairment. RESULTS: Higher levels of savoring were significantly associated with lower levels of sleep-related impairment but not sleep disturbance in regression analyses. Higher levels of rumination were significantly associated with higher levels of sleep disturbance and sleep-related impairment. Associations of savoring and rumination with sleep-related experiences did not vary by age. CONCLUSIONS: Savoring and rumination are relevant to sleep-related experiences in adults ranging from younger to older. Further investigation of the potential positive impact of savoring on sleep-related experiences is needed. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Engagement in savoring and rumination should be considered when assessing sleep and sleep-related impairment in adults.

Insomnia symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic: an examination of biopsychosocial moderators.

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Healthy sleep is vital for physical and psychological health, and poor sleep can result in a myriad of negative physical and psychological outcomes. Insomnia symptoms often manifest as a result of acute life stressors or changes, and COVID-19 experiences may be one such stressor. Other known predisposing factors to insomnia may moderate the impact of COVID-19 experiences on sleep. The present study aimed to determine current levels of insomnia severity in a US sample, to investigate the relation of COVID-19 experiences to insomnia symptoms, and to determine which individuals are most susceptible to this association. METHODS: Data were drawn from a larger online survey investigating sleep and health outcomes across the lifespan. COVID-19 experiences were assessed with the exposure and impact subscales of the CAIR Pandemic Impact Questionnaire (C-PIQ). The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) measured insomnia symptoms. Biological, psychological, and social moderators were measured using other brief self-report measures. RESULTS: Insomnia symptoms prevalence was as follows: moderate-to-severe symptoms (25.5%), subthreshold symptoms (37.7%), and no symptoms (36.7%). Individuals' COVID-19 experiences significantly predicted insomnia symptom severity [F(1,997) = 472.92, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.32]. This association was moderated by race, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical somatization, and social loneliness, but not age, gender, or education. CONCLUSIONS: Although negative experiences with COVID-19 are associated with worse insomnia symptoms, this relationship is not the same for everyone.

Examining and Promoting Sleep Health in the Undergraduate Classroom: A Mixed-Methods Approach.

Objective: Although college students are at heightened risk for sleep disturbances, healthy sleep is associated with positive physical, cognitive, psychological, and academic benefits for this group. The goals of the current study were to (1) describe sleep health in an undergraduate college sample and (2) examine the role of a class activity using self-determination theory to promote better sleep health in this group. Methods: A cohort study was conducted using data drawn from class activities conducted in two undergraduate Introduction to Psychology courses. Students were undergraduates at a mid-Atlantic public university in the United States. Total sample size was N = 224 (intervention class [n = 98], and the control class [n = 127]). Both the intervention and control classes completed the RU SATED sleep health questionnaire at the beginning and the end of the semester. The intervention class also completed a self-determination activity focused on sleep health mid-semester. Both the RU SATED questionnaires and the self-determination activities were completed via in-class responder technology. Data were de-identified and downloaded from the responder technology at the end of the semester. Mixed methods were used for data analysis including quantitative analyses and a qualitative approach using a phenomenological, inductive, and reflexive qualitative method whereby themes were allowed to emerge from the data. Results: Overall, almost 25% of the students reported never or rarely obtaining healthy sleep on average. The majority (76%) said they sometimes have healthy sleep and no students reported usually or always obtaining healthy sleep. The components of sleep health the entire sample scored highest on were timing (sleeping between 2 and 4 AM), sleep duration (between 7 and 9 h), and staying awake during the day. The areas they scored the lowest on were maintaining regular bed and wake times, spending less than 30 min awake at night, and feeling satisfied with their sleep. Qualitatively, the most frequently obtained sleep health behaviors of the intervention class were rhythmicity, prioritizing sleep, timing of sleep, and tech hygiene. The intervention class had significantly better sleep health across the entire semester and significantly better daytime alertness post-intervention. The most commonly chosen sleep health behaviors to change were sleep hygiene, tech hygiene, and stimulus control. Conclusion: We examined the classroom environment as a venue for promoting sleep health among college students. Given the popularity of Introduction to Psychology courses, this class is a promising avenue to deliver sleep health promotions to a large number of students. The implementation of a self-determination framework, as part of sleep health promotion, shows potential for creating a person-centered, strengths-based approach to health behavior change within this population.

Changes in Physician Telemedicine Use during COVID-19: Effects of Practice Setting, Demographics, Training, and Organizational Policies.

Telemedicine use increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but uptake was uneven and future use is uncertain. This study, then, examined the ability of personal and environmental variables to predict telemedicine adoption during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 230 physicians practicing in the U.S. completed questions concerning personal and environmental characteristics, as well as telemedicine use at three time points: pre-pandemic, during the pandemic, and anticipated future use. Associations between use and characteristics were determined to identify factors important for telemedicine use. Physicians reported that telemedicine accounted for 3.72% of clinical work prior to the pandemic, 46.03% during the pandemic, and predicted 25.44% after the pandemic ends. Physicians within hospitals reported less increase in telemedicine use during the pandemic than within group practice (p = 0.016) and less increase in use at hospitals compared to academic medical centers (p = 0.027) and group practice (p = 0.008). Greater telemedicine use was associated with more years in practice (p = 0.009), supportive organizational policies (p = 0.001), organizational encouragement (p = 0.003), expectations of greater patient volume (p = 0.003), and perceived higher quality of patient care (p = 0.032). Characteristics such as gender, number of physicians, and level of telemedicine training were not significant predictors. Organizations interested in supporting physicians to adopt telemedicine should encourage its use and create policies supporting its use. More senior physicians had a greater degree of telemedicine uptake, while training programs did not predict use, suggesting that efforts to develop telemedicine competency in younger physicians may be ineffective and should be re-examined.

Practice Does Not Make Perfect: The Tireless Pursuit of Achieving Perfect Sleep.

OBJECTIVE: Perfectionism is consistently identified as a predisposing and perpetuating factor for a wide range of mental health conditions and disorders. Given the unique cognitive, emotional, and physiological characteristics associated with perfectionism, perfection could have serious implications for a critical health behavior-our sleep. The current study examines the links between perfectionism and sleep health with the goal of identifying potential sleep-related beliefs as underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Participants were 417 undergraduate students at a large, public university in the mid-Atlantic United States. Participants completed a one-time online survey with the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised, the Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep Scale, Perceived Competence Scale about their sleep, and the RU SATED sleep health scale. RESULTS: A two-step structural equation modeling strategy was used. Greater perfectionism discrepancies predicted greater dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (ß = 0.45) and worse perceived sleep competence (ß = -0.33). Moreover, greater dysfunctional beliefs and worse perceived sleep competence predicted worse sleep health (ß = -0.23 and 0.59, respectively). Dysfunctional beliefs and perceived sleep competence significantly mediated the effect of maladaptive perfectionism on sleep health (ß = -0.302). DISCUSSION: Dysfunctional beliefs and sleep competence emerged as mechanisms through which maladaptive perfectionism may function as a barrier to healthy sleep. Although prior research positions perfectionism as a primary correlate of poor sleep, the current study identifies the role of beliefs about sleep as the pathway from perfectionism to poorer sleep health. The results highlight the importance of addressing both maladaptive beliefs about sleep as well as beliefs about one's own sleep competency with undergraduate students with higher maladaptive perfectionism.

Lifestyle Factors and Sleep Health across the Lifespan.

Sleep health, operationalized as a multidimensional construct consisting of sleep regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration, is an emerging concept in the field of sleep medicine which warrants further investigation. The purpose of the present study was to: (1) compare sleep health across the lifespan, (2) determine lifestyle factors associated with sleep health, and (3) examine whether lifestyle factors associated with sleep health varied between and within age groups. Participants consisted of 3284 individuals (Mean age = 42.70; 45% male) who participated in a cross-sectional online survey of sleep and health. Sleep health was measured using the RU-SATED scale, while demographic and lifestyle factors (e.g., daily social media use, sedentary activity, fast food consumption, etc.) were all self-reported. Sleep health was the highest among older adults (M = 8.09) followed by middle-aged (M = 7.65) and younger adults (M = 7.16). Across age groups, fast-food consumption, daily regularity, and daily TV, social media, or internet use were all negatively correlated with sleep health (ps < 0.05). Few differences in the association between lifestyle factors and sleep health across age groups were found. Overall, these findings may help to inform sleep health promotion efforts by targeting the most pertinent lifestyle factors for promoting sleep health.

Role Stress and Sense of Control Predict Using Food to Cope With Stress in Midlife Women.

Objective: The current study examined the association between role stress and using food to cope with stress in midlife women and examined sense of control as a potential underlying mechanism. Methods: An archival analysis was performed using data from 638 midlife women from the Midlife in the United States II study. Results: Hierarchical linear regression analyses demonstrated that work stress (ß = .180, p < .001) and family stress (ß = .138, p < .05) significantly predicted using food to cope with stress. Sense of control was a significant mediator between work stress and using food to cope with stress (b = 0.02, 95% CI [.0014, .0314]). Discussion: Midlife women with higher role stress related to work and family are more likely to use food to cope with stress, and sense of control seems to be the link between work stress and using food to cope.