ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In the past decade, factors such as population growth, increased environmental incidents, and substance abuse have caused patient-overcrowding in emergency departments (EDs). Our main objective was to assess the effects of a discharge lounge on decreasing the patient waiting time and ED overcrowding by computer simulation. METHODS: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the statistical population consisted of 39264 persons referred to the ED of Al-Zahra Hospital. The sample size was calculated as 1275 through systematic random sampling at 99% confidence. To increase research accuracy, the number of patients was increased to 2515. Data were collected by standardized checklists and hospital information systems. RESULTS: Mean waiting time for level 2 patients who left the ED against medical advice after completing the treatment was declined from 56 min to 44 min and before completing the treatment process from 80 min to 50 min. Average waiting time for level 3 patients for personal satisfaction after completing the treatment process decreased from 15 min to 13 min and before the completion of the treatment process from 67 min to 41 min; the number of discharged patients awaiting discharge was decreased at level 2 from 3 to 2 and at level 3 from 2 to 1. The number of patients waiting for admission at triage stations reduced from 44 to 39%, and the average number of patients discharged from emergency room was increased from 7 to 12. CONCLUSIONS: ED overcrowding is the hallmark of a mismatch between the availability of health care resources and patient demand for emergency care. Among major factors contributing to these situations are hindrances in patient flow and occupation of ED beds by nonurgent patients. The establishment of a discharge unit in the ED could be a practical solution to ED overcrowding.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Human performance in organizations reflects on the knowledge, skills, behaviors, and values. Since the abilities and skills will help the organization to better performance and productivity, any expenditure on education and development is a long term investment that as long as the organization can benefit from it. The aim of this research is assessment of influence of structured workshops by resource management at different levels of acquaintance, skills, updates, and upgrades in field of teaching before teaching for invited professors and tuition. METHODOLOGY: So in a case study in the first semester of the academic year of 91- 92, 30 teachers with no teaching experience in tuition PNU after internal interview was selected as a sample. Then their awareness of indicators of effective teaching and training allowance of two categories before and after the workshop assessed and evaluated by a questionnaire. RESULTS: The results of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis indicates that the 52/4% of the professors of the age group 25-30, and 38/1% are in the age group 31-36. Also 76/2% percent of teachers have graduated from the National University and the rest of the teacher have graduated from Azad or Payamenoor University. Also there is significant difference between the knowledge of laws and regulations and effective teaching index before and after the workshop on four indicators: evaluation of students, teaching methods, planning, behavioral patterns and rules and regulations PNU. So it shows the impact of targeted workshops and the role of education experts in the process of recreating human resource management in higher education systems.
