ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Prospective orthopedic residency applicants commonly use one of three databases to identify potential programs: Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), American Medical Association (FREIDA), or Orthogate. org. In addition, institutional websites are typically the primary source of information once programs are identified. We sought to evaluate the databases and websites used by prospective orthopedic surgery applicants for content and accessibility. We hypothesized that information would be more available in comparison to previous studies but would still fail to provide complete, up to date program information for the prospective applicant. METHODS: Three online databases were queried in December 2014 to compile a list of orthopedic residency programs in the United States. This combined list was used as a basis for evaluating individual institution websites. Previously described criteria were used to evaluate the availability of information contained within orthopedic surgery residency websites. RESULTS: At the time of online review, 157 programs were identified. Depending on the database in question, up to 33% of programs either did not provide a link or listed a non-functioning link. Among the variety of evaluated criteria, inclusion of the information varied between 12% and 97% for the individual program websites. CONCLUSIONS: Online databases are useful in listing programs, but individual program details and direct functional links are lacking. Most program websites contain varying degrees of desired information; however, not all programs maintain websites which consistently provide information to satisfy the evaluated criteria in this study. Improved online accessibility and availability of information for residency programs would increase their visibility and utility for prospective applicants.
Subject(s)
Internet , Internship and Residency , Orthopedics/education , Databases, Factual , Humans , United StatesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Limited data exist on pediatric subaxial cervical spine injuries. The goal of this study was to characterize the injuries and initial treatment of a large consecutive series of patients with injuries from C3 to C7. METHODS: Medical records and radiographs of consecutive patients admitted with cervical spine fractures and/or dislocations at a single level 1 pediatric trauma center from 2003 to 2013 were reviewed. Data abstracted included age, injury type and level, mechanism of injury, associated nonspine injuries, neurological status, length of hospitalization, and initial treatment. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were grouped into 3 age ranges: infant, 0 to 3 years (2); youth, 4 to 12 years (13); and adolescent, 13 to 16 years (36). Isolated fractures were identified in both infants and accounted for most of injuries in youths (85%) and adolescents (86%). Single vertebra or single vertebral level injuries were present in 65% of patients, most commonly at C7 (36%) or C6 (29%). No correlation existed between cervical level injured and patient age. Multiple cervical spine injuries occurred in 1 infant, 3 youths, and 14 adolescents. Other concomitant thoracic and/or lumbar spine injuries were found in 1 infant and 3 adolescents. The most common mechanisms of injury were motor vehicle accidents (53%) and sports (14%). High-energy trauma was associated with higher rates of noncontiguous spinal injuries and associated nonspinal injuries, with a longer length of hospitalization. Neurological deficits were observed in 8 patients: 1 infant, 2 youths, and 5 adolescents, of which 5 resulted from high-energy trauma. One infant and all youth patients were treated nonoperatively; 26 adolescents (73%) were treated in a cervical collar or with observation, 1 was treated with halo-vest immobilization, and 9 had surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Most subaxial cervical spine injuries in pediatric and adolescent patients are isolated fractures at C6 and C7. High-energy mechanisms are associated with noncontiguous spinal injuries and other nonspine injuries. Most patients can be treated in a cervical collar, but adolescent patients are more likely to require halo placement or surgical intervention. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV-retrospective, diagnostic.
Subject(s)
Cervical Vertebrae , Joint Dislocations , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Spinal Fractures , Accidents, Traffic , Adolescent , Athletic Injuries/complications , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Cervical Vertebrae/injuries , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Joint Dislocations/etiology , Joint Dislocations/surgery , Length of Stay , Male , Neurologic Examination , Radiography , Retrospective Studies , Spinal Fractures/complications , Spinal Fractures/diagnosis , Spinal Fractures/surgery , Tennessee , Trauma Centers/statistics & numerical data , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Pediatric orthopaedic fellowship applicants commonly use online-based resources for information on potential programs. Two primary sources are the San Francisco Match (SF Match) database and the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) database. We sought to determine the accessibility and quality of information that could be obtained by using these 2 sources. METHODS: The online databases of the SF Match and POSNA were reviewed to determine the availability of embedded program links or external links for the included programs. If not available in the SF Match or POSNA data, Web sites for listed programs were located with a Google search. All identified Web sites were analyzed for accessibility, content volume, and content quality. RESULTS: At the time of online review, 50 programs, offering 68 positions, were listed in the SF Match database. Although 46 programs had links included with their information, 36 (72%) of them simply listed http://www.sfmatch.org as their unique Web site. Ten programs (20%) had external links listed, but only 2 (4%) linked directly to the fellowship web page. The POSNA database does not list any links to the 47 programs it lists, which offer 70 positions. On the basis of a Google search of the 50 programs listed in the SF Match database, web pages were found for 35. Of programs with independent web pages, all had a description of the program and 26 (74%) described their application process. Twenty-nine (83%) listed research requirements, 22 (63%) described the rotation schedule, and 12 (34%) discussed the on-call expectations. A contact telephone number and/or email address was provided by 97% of programs. Twenty (57%) listed both the coordinator and fellowship director, 9 (26%) listed the coordinator only, 5 (14%) listed the fellowship director only, and 1 (3%) had no contact information given. CONCLUSIONS: The SF Match and POSNA databases provide few direct links to fellowship Web sites, and individual program Web sites either do not exist or do not effectively convey information about the programs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Improved accessibility and accurate information online would allow potential applicants to obtain information about pediatric fellowships in a more efficient manner.