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1.
Intern Emerg Med ; 13(5): 827, 2018 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29569090

ABSTRACT

Toxic alcohols are a group of substances containing a hydroxyl group not meant to be ingested. They are the cause of a significant number of accidental and non-accidental exposures. Toxic alcohol poisoning can be associated with a significant degree of morbidity and mortality if not promptly recognized and treated. This review describes the clinical presentation and an approach to the recognition and management for toxic alcohol poisoning. Toxic alcohols classically refer to a group of alcohols not meant for ingestion. Methanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropyl alcohol are readily available in common hardware and household materials. Toxic alcohols are ingested for a variety of reasons including accidental exposures, intentional inebriation, homicide and suicide. The patient with an altered mental status or concerning history warrants consideration of this potentially deadly ingestion. Treatment considerations include alcohol dehydrogenase blockade and hemodialysis. Toxic alcohol poisoning can be an elusive diagnosis. This review evaluates toxic alcohol poisoning signs and symptoms and an approach to diagnosis and management.

2.
Intern Emerg Med ; 13(3): 375-383, 2018 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29427181

ABSTRACT

Toxic alcohols are a group of substances containing a hydroxyl group not meant to be ingested. They are the cause of a significant number of accidental and non-accidental exposures. Toxic alcohol poisoning can be associated with a significant degree of morbidity and mortality if not promptly recognized and treated. This review describes the clinical presentation and an approach to the recognition and management for toxic alcohol poisoning. Toxic alcohols classically refer to a group of alcohols not meant for ingestion. Methanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropyl alcohol are readily available in common hardware and household materials. Toxic alcohols are ingested for a variety of reasons including accidental exposures, intentional inebriation, homicide and suicide. The patient with an altered mental status or concerning history warrants consideration of this potentially deadly ingestion. Treatment considerations include alcohol dehydrogenase blockade and hemodialysis. Toxic alcohol poisoning can be an elusive diagnosis. This review evaluates toxic alcohol poisoning signs and symptoms and an approach to diagnosis and management.


Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Alcohols/adverse effects , 2-Propanol/adverse effects , Alcohol Drinking/physiopathology , Alcohol Drinking/psychology , Alcohols/metabolism , Alcohols/pharmacokinetics , Antidotes/therapeutic use , Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration , Ethanol/therapeutic use , Ethylene Glycol/adverse effects , Fomepizole , Humans , Methanol/adverse effects , Pyrazoles/therapeutic use , Renal Dialysis/methods
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