[Effect of tanakan on psychophysiological status of patients with asthenic disorders]. / Vliianie tanakana na psikhofiziologicheskoe sostoianie bol'nykh s astenicheskimi rasstroistvami.

A clinical pharmacological 56-day trial was devoted to the effect of tanakan on the psychophysiological state of 26 patients with psychogenic and post-traumatic asthenic disorders. The drug was found to produce a positive effect on the psychophysiological state, with most pronounced improvement in the attention characteristics, short-term visual memory, operational component, and integral operator performance index. The results confirmed the positive action of tanakan on the cognitive and mnestic functions, which is analogous to the effect of nootropes. The antiasthenic, anxiolytic, antiamnesic, and vegetotropic components in the pharmacological spectrum of tanakan correlate with the positive psychophysiological effects. It is shown that positive changes in the psychophysiological state play an important role in the complex therapeutic action of tanakan in the treatment of asthenic disorders.

[Therapeutic action and efficiency of fevarin (fluvoxamine) in patients with non-psychotic anxious and apathic-adynamic depressions]. / Terapevticheskoe deistvie i éffektivnost' fevarina (fluvoksamina) u bol'nykh s nepsikhicheskimi trevozhnymi i apatoadinamicheskimi depressiiami.

10 patients with anxious and 10 patients with apathic-adynamic depressions were treated with fevarin. The efficiency of the drug and its influence on the psychopathologic structure were evaluated according to some scales. It was established that therapeutic action of fevarin manifests from the 1st week of therapy in patients with anxious depressions due to its anxiolytic properties. In apathic-adynamic depressions the reduction of the symptoms was revealed by the 3-4 week of the therapy. The antidepressive effect of fevarin was retarded and didn't depend on the structure of the depression. Higher efficiency of the drug in patients with anxious depressions was explained by combination of thymoanaleptic and anxiolytic effects. The results of the study demonstrate a perspective of fevarin in therapy of anxious and apathic-adynamic depressions.

[Relation between mexidol glucuronide conjugation and characteristics of its therapeutic effect in patients with organic lesions in the central nervous system]. / Vzaimosviaz' gliukuronokon''ugatsii meksidola i osobennostei ego terapevticheskogo deistviia u bol'nykh s organicheskim porazheniem TsNS]

The clinico-pharmacological and pharmacokinetic investigation of mexidole administered in patients with organic CNS damage showed for the first time that there is a correlation between intensity of the drug--glucurone conjugation and the parameters of psychopathological symptom expression and the individual patient state estimation before treatment and upon a single administration or a course of mexidole therapy. This correlation allows the clinico-pharmacological effects and the therapeutic efficacy of mexidole to be predicted based on the drug metabolism index.

[Anesthesia in the early postoperative period in patients who had undergone extensive surgical interventions on the colon with plastic repair]. / Anesteziia v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode u bol'nykh, perenesshikh obshirnye khirurgicheskie vmeshatel'stva na tolstoi kishke s élementami plastiki.

Reconstructive plastic (n = 24) and repair operations (n = 23) on the colon were performed in 47 patients at Coloproctology Research Center (Moscow). The patients were divided into 2 groups administered different anesthesias and postoperative analgesias: total intravenous anesthesia (TIA) and combined epidural anesthesia (CEA). Adequate analgesia by CEA and early activation of patients after the operation promoted earlier (by 2 days) recovery of the motor function of the intestine than after TIA and traditional intramuscular analgesia with a narcotic analgetic. CEA ensured complete blocking of nociceptive pulsation and neurovegetative protection a with lower doses of narcotics during the postoperative period and can be used in this type of operations and postoperative management. CEA prevented gastrointestinal pareses, improved microcirculation and metabolic processes at the zone of intervention, and decreased the incidence of postoperative complications.

["Fast" and "slow" components of psychotropic activity of the drugs with nootropic effects]. / "Bystrye" i "medlennye" komponenty psikhotropnogo deistviia preparatov s nootropnymi svoistvami.

A clinical-pharmacological study was carried out to evaluate correlation of "fast" (nonspecific) and "slow" (specific) components of the action of the drugs with nootropic properties (piracetam, mexidol, tanacan) and to estimate their contribution to achieving therapeutic efficacy. The study was performed during 28 days using standard quantitative assay techniques in 79 patients with "Organic emotional-liable (asthenic) disorders" (F06.6, ICD-10). It was found that "fast" component of the psychotropic action of the drugs tested was presented by stimulating and anxiolytic effects, while a "slow" one--by specific nootropic activity. All these effects were fully independent with no correlation found, and this could, probably, be attributed to different mechanisms of their realization. It is shown that nootropic activity of piracetam was most significant in its therapeutic effect; and anxiolytic effect was most important for mexidol action. Meanwhile, stimulating and anxiolytic activities as well as positive influence on long-term memory were main components of tanacan effect. The results obtained show an important role of both specific and nonspecific ("fast") effects in realization of therapeutic action of the drugs with nootropic effects in patients with cognitive-mnestic and neurosis-like disorders.

[The kinetics of the urinary excretion of mexidol and its glucuronate conjugate in patients]. / Kinetika vyvedeniia meksidola i ego gliukuronokon''iugata s mochoi bol'nykh.

Using HPLC with fluorescence detector we studied elimination kinetics of the antioxidant drug mexidol and its glucuronoconjugated metabolite in 16 patients suffering from neurosis and traumatic CNS injury after receiving mexadol (in a dose of 500 mg, in tablets). It is found that mexidol undergoes rapid glucuronoconjugation and is excreted with urine (0.31% and 49.6% of the received dose in the form of mexidol and its glucuronoconjugate, respectively) within 11.5-h period of examination. A substantial variability in the rate and degree of mexidol and glucuronoconjugate elimination with urine is observed. A trend to intensive glucuronoconjugation is observed in patients aged up to 40.

[The diagnostically significant indices of the corrected axial ECG system in the differentiation of ischemic heart disease and dilated cardiomyopathy]. / Diagnosticheski znachimye pokazateli korrigirovannoi aksial'noi sistemy EKG v differentsiatsii ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa i dilatatsionnoi kardiomiopatii.

The common uniformity of electrocardiographic changes in coronary heart disease (CHD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) in the lead XII, namely low QRS complex voltage, T-wave inversion, cardiac arrhythmias, atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction disturbances, served as the basis for searching for individual or combined lesion signs quantitatively diagnostically significant for CHD and DCMP. For this purpose, 217 patients were examined. Out of them 83 were included into a group of healthy persons and 134 were patients who were divided into two groups: 60 with chronic CHD and 74 with DCMP. The authors identified a complex of diagnostically significant ECG parameters of the McPhi-Parungao system. SX > 4 mm, SZ > 12 mm, RX + SZ > 27 mm, sigma RXYZ + sigma SXYZ > 45 mm, sigma RXYZ/sigma SXYZ < 1.5, which permits differentiation of DCMP and CHD in case of lowered QRS voltage on ECG-12.

[Vector electrocardiographic features in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. / Vektor-élektrokardiograficheskie osobennosti u bol'nykh s gipertroficheskoi kardiomiopatiei.

The examination indicated that abnormal Q and QS waves recorded along the azes Z and Y in the adjusted lead system far clearly reflected a predominant site of suspected focal and scarring lestoh in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) as in coronary heart disease (CHD) (the anterior site in the Z lead and inferior one, in the Y lead), however, the difference in their quantitative characteristics do not fulfil the goals of the electrocardiographic differentiation between HCM and CHD. To differentiate HCM and CHD in the presence of Q and QS waves, a characteristic complex of signs was identified: elevated waves Rx (greater than or equal to 17.5 mm), Sy (greater than or equal to 7.3 mm) of the total value, sigma Rxyz + sigma Sxyz (greater than or equal to 48.3 mm) at the anterior site of "scarring" myocardial lesion and increased waves Sz (greater than or equal to 20.4 mm), sigma Sxyz (greater than or equal to 21.4 mm) at the inferior site. Only "indirect" signs remained on VECG in the presence of scarring myocardial lesion concurrent with arterial hypertension in CHD patients.

[Electrovectorcardiographic characteristics of shifting repolarization phase curves in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and ischemic heart disease with arterial hypertension]. / Elektrovektorkardiograficheskie osobennosti v sdvigakh repoliarizatsionnoi fazy krivykh u bol'nykh s gipertroficheskoi kardiomiopatiei i ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa s arterial'noi gipertoniei.

Possible electrovectorcardiographic approaches to the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) are considered on the basis of a study of 85 HCMP patients, 44 coronary patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis and arterial hypertension (CD + AH), and 83 normal subjects. Particular attention was paid to cases where myocardial scary changes and left-ventricular hypertrophy were detected electrocardiographically as their interpretation was difficult because of similar changes in the QRS complex being typical for postinfarction cardiosclerosis. An analysis of quantitative and qualitative changes in the end segment of the QRS complex demonstrated a specific pattern of repolarization shift in patients with HCMP and CD + AH. The demonstrated changes can be useful in differential diagnosis of these conditions, facilitating the interpretation of infarction-like curves that are quite common in HCMP patients.

[Comparative evaluation of prostaglandins E1 and E2 in patients with hypertension]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka deistviia prostaglandinov E1 i E2 u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

Changes in ABP, ECG, cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics were examined in 29 patients with second-stage essential hypertension before and within 1 or 2 days after PGE1 and PGE2 infusions administered during follow-up or in the presence of a hypotensive therapy. PGE were shown to be active vasodilators increasing cerebral and peripheral circulation. Vascular PG effects persisted for 1 or 2 days after the administration. Hypertensive patients demonstrated two patterns of hemodynamic response to PGE. The patients with higher total peripheral resistance (TPR) and low stroke and cardiac indices (SI and CI) during follow-up or hypotensive treatment were more sensitive to PGE, their ABP falling because of declining TPR. The patients with high SI and normal or slightly elevated TPR were less sensitive to PGE, their ABP falling mostly at the expense of declining SI. Most patients showed changed end portion of the ventricular complex immediately after PGE administration that vanished within one or two days. In coronary patients, angina of effort occurred less frequently after PGE infusion.