Enhancing screening adherence for strongyloides infection in latinx inpatients with COVID-19: a local protocol implementation study.

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome has been observed in immunosuppressed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Detecting and treating asymptomatic Strongyloides infection in individuals from endemic areas can effectively prevent hyperinfection. Unfortunately, many clinicians are unaware of this neglected infection. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether including Strongyloides screening in COVID-19 management protocols would encourage this practice. To accomplish this, we conducted a retrospective single-center study at 'Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre' in Madrid, Spain, comparing two consecutive cohorts. The first cohort comprised all Latinx patients over 18 years old who were admitted for COVID-19 between March 1st and April 30th, 2020. The second cohort consisted of Latinx patients admitted between July 1st and December 31st, 2020, following an amendment to the COVID-19 management protocol that recommended screening for strongyloidiasis in at-risk patients. We identified 559 and 795 patients in the first and second periods, respectively. The percentage of individuals screened increased significantly from 8.8% to 51.6% after the screening recommendation was included in the protocol (odds ratio [OR] 11.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.01-15.33). In both periods, the screening rate was significantly higher among those receiving immunosuppression than those who did not receive steroids and/or tocilizumab. No other factors influenced the screening rate. In conclusion, including strongyloidiasis screening recommendations in COVID-19 management protocols led to its increased implementation. However, the overall screening rate remained low, emphasizing the need for further efforts to enhance screening practices.

Comparación de la producción vocal en niños con hipoacusia prelocutiva con adaptación audioprotésica e implante coclear con normooyentes / Vowel production in hearing impaired children: A comparison between normal-hearing, hearing-aided and cochlear-implanted children

Introducción y objetivos: La inadecuada retroalimentación auditiva en los niños con hipoacusia prelocutiva altera la articulación de consonantes y vocales. El propósito de esta investigación es comparar la producción de vocales en niños hipoacúsicos hispanohablantes con implante coclear o adaptación audioprotésica con niños normooyentes por medio del análisis acústico de las frecuencias formánticas y el espacio vocal. Método: Un total de 56 niños con hipoacusia prelocutiva (25 con implante coclear y 31 con audífonos) y 47 niños normooyentes participaron en el estudio. Los 2 primeros formantes (F1 y F2) de las 5 vocales del idioma español se midieron utilizando el programa Praat. Para analizar las diferencias entre los 3 grupos se aplicó el método ANOVA de análisis de la varianza y el test de Scheffé. También se calculó el área del espacio vocal. Resultados: El valor medio del F1 en todas las vocales no mostró diferencias significativas en los 3 grupos de niños. Para las vocales /i/, /o/ y /u/ el valor medio del F2 fue significativamente diferente entre los 2 grupos de niños hipoacúsicos y el grupo de niños normooyentes. Conclusión: Ambos grupos de niños con hipoacusia prelocutiva tienden a presentar sutiles desviaciones en la articulación de las vocales que pueden ser analizadas mediante un programa de análisis acústico

Introduction and objectives: Inadequate auditory feedback in prelingually deaf children alters the articulation of consonants and vowels. The purpose of this investigation was to compare vowel production in Spanish-speaking deaf children with cochlear implantation, and with hearing-aids with normal-hearing children by means of acoustic analysis of formant frequencies and vowel space. Methods: A total of 56 prelingually deaf children (25 with cochlear implants and 31 wearing hearing-aids) and 47 normal-hearing children participated. The first 2 formants (F1 and F2) of the five Spanish vowels were measured using Praat software. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Scheffé test were applied to analyze the differences between the 3 groups. The surface area of the vowel space was also calculated. Results: The mean value of F1 in all vowels was not significantly different between the 3 groups. For vowels /i/, /o/ and /u/, the mean value of F2 was significantly different between the 2 groups of deaf children and their normal-hearing peers. Conclusion: Both prelingually hearing-impaired groups tended toward subtle deviations in the articulation of vowels that could be analyzed using an objective acoustic analysis programme

Vowel production in hearing impaired children: A comparison between normal-hearing, hearing-aided and cochlear-implanted children. / Comparación de la producción vocal en niños con hipoacusia prelocutiva con adaptación audioprotésica e implante coclear con normooyentes.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Inadequate auditory feedback in prelingually deaf children alters the articulation of consonants and vowels. The purpose of this investigation was to compare vowel production in Spanish-speaking deaf children with cochlear implantation, and with hearing-aids with normal-hearing children by means of acoustic analysis of formant frequencies and vowel space. METHODS: A total of 56 prelingually deaf children (25 with cochlear implants and 31 wearing hearing-aids) and 47 normal-hearing children participated. The first 2 formants (F1 and F2) of the five Spanish vowels were measured using Praat software. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Scheffé test were applied to analyze the differences between the 3 groups. The surface area of the vowel space was also calculated. RESULTS: The mean value of F1 in all vowels was not significantly different between the 3 groups. For vowels /i/, /o/ and /u/, the mean value of F2 was significantly different between the 2 groups of deaf children and their normal-hearing peers. CONCLUSION: Both prelingually hearing-impaired groups tended toward subtle deviations in the articulation of vowels that could be analyzed using an objective acoustic analysis programme.

Acceso venoso percutáneo braquial: Su utilidad en el cateterismo diagnóstico e intervencionista en cardiopatías complejas / Brachial percutaneous venous access: Its usefulness in the diagnostic and interventionist catheterism of complex cardiopathies

Introducción: El acceso venoso a la vena cava superior es obligatorio en pacientes portadores de anastomosis tipo Glenn. En cardiopatías complejas, es habitual la repetición de cateterismos, encontrando frecuentemente dificultades de acceso femoral. Para evitar la punción venosa yugular interna, potencialmente peligrosa, hemos utilizado la vena mediana basílica como acceso inicial. Objetivo: Valorar la efectividad y seguridad de la vía venosa braquial en pacientes, que precisan cateterismo cardíaco. Material y métodos: Se intentó la punción en 37 pacientes. Edad media 10 años (3.1-33.5). Todos ellos postoperados de cardiopatías complejas y con un promedio de 2.45 cirugías y 3.6 cateterismos por paciente. 40% de los pacientes: trombosis femoroilíaca bilateral. Técnica: Compresión venosa axilar, punción venosa basílica y canalización con introductor 4 a 6F. Resultados: Acceso efectivo: en 34 de los 37 pacientes (91.8%). En todos se realizó cateterismo diagnóstico, en 3, prueba pronóstica de oclusión y en 6 -angioplastía de rama pulmonar. Complicaciones: 2 obstrucciones tardías de la vena mediana basílica derecha (6%). Conclusiones: La punción venosa braquial es una técnica alternativa útil que permite acceso a cava superior y cavidades derechas a partir de los 3 años de edad, asociándose a un bajo porcentaje de complicaciones. Ciertas dilataciones vasculares pueden realizarse por esta vía.

Venous access through the superior caval vein is mandatory to study the pulmonary arteries in patients with a Glenn anastomosis. In complex congenital heart disease, repeat catheterizations may lead to iliac vein thrombosis and superior access is needed. In order to avoid the internal jugular venous puncture, we have used puncture of the antecubital vein as an elective access. Material: Brachial puncture was attempted in 37 patients. Mean age: 10 years (3.1-33.5). 2.45 heart surgeries and 3.6 cardiac catheterizations per patient had been previously performed in this group. 40% of patients had bilateral iliac vein thrombosis. Technique: Axillary vein external compression, venous puncture and introduction of 4-6 F sheath. Results: Venous access through brachial vein was achieved in 34 of 37 pts (91.8%). Diagnostic catheterization was done in all, balloon test occlusion of the pulmonary valve in 3 and pulmonary artery branch dilation in 6 pts. Complications: 2 late thrombosis of the right brachial vein (6%). Conclusions: Antecubital venous puncture is an alternative and useful technique that allows easy catheterization of superior caval vein, pulmonary artery and right heart chambers. It is associated with minor complication rate, avoiding internal jugular vein puncture. Certain therapeutic procedures can be performed through such route.

[Brachial percutaneous venous access. Its usefulness in the diagnostic and interventionist catheterism of complex cardiopathies]. / Acceso venoso percutáneo braquial: Su utilidad en el cateterismo diagnóstico e intervencionista en cardiopatías complejas.

UNLABELLED: Venous access through the superior caval vein is mandatory to study the pulmonary arteries in patients with a Glenn anastomosis. In complex congenital heart disease, repeat catheterizations may lead to iliac vein thrombosis and superior access is needed. In order to avoid the internal jugular venous puncture, we have used puncture of the antecubital vein as an elective access. MATERIAL: Brachial puncture was attempted in 37 patients. Mean age: 10 years (3.1-33.5). 2.45 heart surgeries and 3.6 cardiac catheterizations per patient had been previously performed in this group. 40% of patients had bilateral iliac vein thrombosis. TECHNIQUE: Axillary vein external compression, venous puncture and introduction of 4-6 F sheath. RESULTS: Venous access through brachial vein was achieved in 34 of 37 pts (91.8%). Diagnostic catheterization was done in all, balloon test occlusion of the pulmonary valve in 3 and pulmonary artery branch dilation in 6 pts. COMPLICATIONS: 2 late thrombosis of the right brachial vein (6%). CONCLUSIONS: Antecubital venous puncture is an alternative and useful technique that allows easy catheterization of superior caval vein, pulmonary artery and right heart chambers. It is associated with minor complication rate, avoiding internal jugular vein puncture. Certain therapeutic procedures can be performed through such route.