ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to describe the sensory workshops carried out as part of an intervention study developed in 2018 (Brazil), designed to promote the consumption of vegetables, legumes, and fruits among preschool children aged 4 to 6 years old (n=179). Methods The study comprised three stages: (a) raising awareness among the school staff and parents; (b) collecting data on children's food consumption; and (c) conducting sensory-based workshops. Through experimentation, children were encouraged to explore the senses of smell, taste, sight, hearing, and touch to learn about foods. Five workshops were held weekly each one corresponding to one of the senses. Participatory and interactive dynamics as well as playful techniques were adopted to stimulate children's interaction with foods and verbal expression about the experiences. Results Through experimentation, the senses of smell, taste, sight, hearing, and touch were explored, enabling children to learn about food and preparations. Conclusion The low-cost sensory method proved easy to apply and its replication in the school environment to promote healthy eating in preschoolers should be encouraged. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, under the register number RBR-5b6zrg.
RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo é descrever as oficinas sensoriais realizadas no âmbito de um estudo de intervenção desenvolvido em 2018 (Brasil), para promover o consumo de verduras, legumes e frutas em pré-escolares de 4 a 6 anos (n=179). Métodos O estudo compreendeu três etapas: (a) sensibilização dos funcionários da escola e responsáveis; (b) coleta de dados sobre o consumo alimentar das crianças; e (c) realização de workshops de base sensorial. Por meio da experimentação, as crianças foram incentivadas a explorar os sentidos do olfato, do paladar, da visão, da audição e do tato para aprender sobre os alimentos. Semanalmente foram realizadas cinco oficinas, cada uma correspondendo a um dos sentidos. Dinâmicas participativas e interativas, bem como técnicas lúdicas foram adotadas a fim de estimular a interação das crianças com os alimentos e a expressão verbal sobre as experiências. Resultados A experimentação dos sentidos do olfato, paladar, visão, audição e tato foram explorados, possibilitando que as crianças aprendessem sobre alimentos e preparações. Conclusão O método sensorial de baixo custo mostrou-se de fácil aplicação, e sua replicação no ambiente escolar para promoção da alimentação saudável em pré-escolares deve ser incentivada. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos, número de registro RBR-5b6zrg.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Sensation , Food and Nutrition Education , Child, Preschool , Child Nutrition/educationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: One of the largest school feeding programs in the world is the National School Feeding Program of Brazil. However, results from the 2012 National School Health Survey indicated that only 22.8% of 9th grade students in Brazilian public school system consumed school meals. The literature presents few studies aiming to promote healthy food consumption in the school environment from interventions, which found inconclusive results. Thus, this study aims to present a protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of multi-component school-level interventions to increase adherence and acceptance to school feeding. METHODS: School-based multi-component clinical trial with students from 4th-9h grade from 3 municipal schools of Sumidouro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2019. The study design will be parallel, with 3 arms: Control group (without intervention); Intervention group 1 (changes in school environment) and Intervention group 2 (changes in menu and school environment). Interventions in the environment will be based on the principles of choices architecture and, the modification in the dishes that make up the menus offered to the students, on the factors that contribute to poor adherence and acceptance to school feeding, identified by focus groups. Adherence to school feeding will be assessed through a specific question in the questionnaire directed to the frequency of consuming school meals in the week, applied by researchers in three moments. Acceptance will be assessed from the acceptability test application with dishes served to students during the year. Statistical analyses will be performed using generalized linear models, which will be used to assess the impact of the intervention, and will include 3 main variables: intervention, time and the intervention x time interaction. DISCUSSION: This study will investigate if the impact of the implementation of interventions in the environment and in the dishes served to students may increase adherence and acceptance to school feeding. Positive results could show the effect of implementing interventions throughout Sumidouro's public school system, as well as throughout the country, aiming to improve the consumption of school meals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, RBR-7mf794. Date of registration: December 27, 2018.
Subject(s)
Feeding Behavior/psychology , Food Services/organization & administration , School Health Services/organization & administration , Students/psychology , Adolescent , Brazil , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Research Design , Students/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to assess the agreement between the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index - Revised (BHEI-R), estimated by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and multiple 24-hour recalls (24h-R). The Wilcoxon paired test, partial correlations (PC), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland-Altman method were used. The total BHEI-R scores and its components ("total fruits", "whole fruits", "total vegetables", "integral cereals", "saturated fat", "sodium", and "energy intake derived from solid fat, added sugar, and alcoholic beverages") were statistically different, with the ICC and PC indicating poor concordance and correlation. The mean concordance estimated for the total BHEI-R and its components varied from 68% for "integral cereals" to 147% for "whole fruits". The suitable concordance limits were violated for most of the components of the BHEI-R. Poor concordance was observed between the BHEI-R estimated by the FFQ and by multiple 24h-R, which indicated a strong reliability of the BHEI-R on the instrument used to collect information on food consumption.
