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1.
AIDS ; 33(4): 685-689, 2019 03 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30829744

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: We analysed hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection among participants in a prospective registry of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients treated with all-oral direct-acting antiretroviral (DAA)-based therapy in the region of Madrid. DESIGN: An observational cohort study. METHODS: The study period started on the date sustained viral response (SVR) was confirmed. The censoring date was 31 December 2017. SVR was defined as negative HCV-RNA 12 weeks after completion of treatment. Reinfection was defined as a positive HCV-RNA test result after achievement of SVR. RESULTS: Reinfections were detected in 17 of 2359 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (0.72%) overall, in 12 out of 177 (6.78%) MSM and in five out of 1459 (0.34%) people who inject drugs (PWID). The incidence of reinfection [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] per 100 person-years was 0.48 (0.30-0.77) overall, 5.93 (3.37-10.44) for MSM and 0.21 (0.09-0.52) for PWID. Reinfections were detected a median of 15 weeks (interquartile range 13-26) after SVR. In 10 (58.82%) patients, the reinfection was caused by a different HCV genotype. All 12 MSM with reinfection acknowledged unprotected anal intercourse with several partners, seven used chemsex, six reported fisting and four practiced slamming. A concomitant STI was detected in five patients. Four IDU with reinfection reported injecting drugs following SVR. CONCLUSION: HCV reinfection is a matter of concern in HIV-positive MSM treated with all-oral DAA therapy in the region of Madrid. Our data suggest that prevention strategies and frequent testing with HCV-RNA should be applied following SVR in MSM who engage in high-risk practices.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Coinfection/drug therapy , HIV Infections/complications , Hepacivirus/isolation & purification , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Adult , Female , Genotype , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Hepacivirus/classification , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , RNA, Viral/analysis , RNA, Viral/genetics , Recurrence , Spain/epidemiology
2.
Hepatology ; 68(1): 32-47, 2018 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29377274

ABSTRACT

We evaluated treatment outcomes in a prospective registry of human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients treated with interferon-free direct-acting antiviral agent-based therapy in hospitals from the region of Madrid between November 2014 and August 2016. We assessed sustained viral response at 12 weeks after completion of treatment and used multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of treatment failure. We evaluated 2,369 patients, of whom 59.5% did not have cirrhosis, 33.9% had compensated cirrhosis, and 6.6% had decompensated cirrhosis. The predominant HCV genotypes were 1a (40.9%), 4 (22.4%), 1b (15.1%), and 3 (15.0%). Treatment regimens included sofosbuvir (SOF)/ledipasvir (61.9%), SOF plus daclatasvir (14.6%), dasabuvir plus ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir (13.2%), and other regimens (10.3%). Ribavirin was used in 30.6% of patients. Less than 1% of patients discontinued therapy owing to adverse events. The frequency of sustained viral response by intention-to-treat analysis was 92.0% (95% confidence interval, 90.9%-93.1%) overall, 93.8% (92.4%-95.0%) for no cirrhosis, 91.0% (88.8%-92.9%) for compensated cirrhosis, and 80.8% (73.7%-86.6%) for decompensated cirrhosis. The factors associated with treatment failure were male sex (adjusted odds ratio, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-2.69), Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention category C (adjusted odds ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-2.41), a baseline cluster of differentiation 4-positive (CD4+) T-cell count <200/mm3 (adjusted odds ratio, 2.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.35-3.92), an HCV RNA load ≥800,000 IU/mL (adjusted odds ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-2.36), compensated cirrhosis (adjusted odds ratio, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.89), decompensated cirrhosis (adjusted odds ratio, 2.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.76-4.87), and the use of SOF plus simeprevir, SOF plus ribavirin, and simeprevir plus daclatasvir. CONCLUSION: In this large real-world study, direct-acting antiviral agent-based therapy was safe and highly effective in coinfected patients; predictors of failure included gender, human immunodeficiency virus-related immunosuppression, HCV RNA load, severity of liver disease, and the use of suboptimal direct-acting antiviral agent-based regimens. (Hepatology 2018;68:32-47).


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/complications , Hepatitis C/drug therapy , Registries , Administration, Oral , Coinfection , Female , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C/complications , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Treatment Failure
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