ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Affective experiences are associated with smoking urges and behavior. Few studies have examined the temporal nature of these associations within a day, such as whether positive and negative affect in the morning are associated with smoking urges and behavior later in the day. METHOD: Participants (N = 63; MAge = 50 years, 48% female; 60% White) were randomized into one of three smoking cessation interventions and answered up to five daily ecological momentary assessments for 28 days during a quit attempt (M = 21.0 days, SD = 7.1). Before analysis, scores for morning positive and negative affect and later-day smoking urges and behavior were calculated. RESULTS: On days when individuals' morning positive affect was higher than usual, later-day smoking urges tended to be lower than usual. In contrast, on days when individuals' morning negative affect was higher than usual, later-day smoking urges tended to be higher than usual, and smoking was more likely. Further, individuals who had higher characteristic morning positive affect tended to have less intense later-day smoking urges, whereas those who tended to have higher characteristic morning negative affect tended to have more intense later-day smoking urges. CONCLUSIONS: Morning positive and negative affect were associated with later-day smoking urges, and morning negative affect was related to later-day smoking behavior. Future research should examine whether interventions that boost positive affect on mornings when it is lower than usual and attenuate negative affect on mornings when it is higher than usual, may reduce the intensity of smoking urges and the likelihood of smoking later in the day. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
ABSTRACT
VIII Updating Course of Antimicrobials and Infectious Diseases has reviewed useful microbiological, epidemiological and clinical aspects for a current approach of infectious pathology. Present manuscript summarizes a chronicle about the main infection related meetings during 2017 (ECCMID, IAS, ASM and ID Week). In addition, the course proposed a practical approach for understanding different type of pathogens and our selected topics this year were the epidemiology of bacterial nosocomial infection, a practical approach to Clostridium difficile infection patients, a two year selection of the top ten papers about fungal infection and an update in fungal biofilms. Finally, proffesors made a practical approach by main clinical syndromes like sepsis, infections in oncohematological patients, CNS infections in immunosuppressed patients and reviewed the top ten papers in transplant infectious diseases and infection control during the last two years
El VIII Curso de Actualización en Patología Infecciosa y Antimicrobianos de Uso Clínico revisó aspectos microbiológicos, epidemiológicos y clínicos útiles para un enfoque actual de la patología infecciosa. El manuscrito actual resume una crónica sobre las principales reuniones relacionadas con la infección durante 2017 (ECCMID, IAS, ASM y la Semana de identificación). Además, el curso propuso un enfoque práctico para comprender diferentes tipos de patógenos y nuestros temas seleccionados este año fueron la epidemiología de la infección nosocomial bacteriana, un enfoque practico en pacientes con infección por Clostridium difficile, una selección de los diez mejores artículos sobre infección fungica en los ultimos dos años y una actualización en biofilm fungicos. Finalmente, los profesores realizaron un abordaje de práctico por síndromes clínicos principales como sepsis, las infecciones en pacientes oncolohematológicos, las infecciones del sistema nervioso central en pacientes inmunosuprimidos y revisaron los diez articulos mas importantes en enfermedades infecciosas de trasplantes y control de infecciones en los ultimos 2 años
