ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The performance of severity-of-illness scores varies in different scenarios and must be validated prior of being used in a specific settings and geographic regions. Moreover, models' calibration may deteriorate overtime and performance of such instruments should be reassessed regularly. Therefore, we aimed at to validate the SAPS 3 in a large contemporary cohort of patients admitted to Brazilian ICUs. In addition, we also compared the performance of the SAPS 3 with the MPM0-III. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study in which 48,816 (medical admissions = 67.9%) adult patients are admitted to 72 Brazilian ICUs during 2013. We evaluated models' discrimination using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). We applied the calibration belt to evaluate the agreement between observed and expected mortality rates (calibration). RESULTS: Mean SAPS 3 score was 44.3 ± 15.4 points. ICU and hospital mortality rates were 11.0 and 16.5%. We estimated predicted mortality using both standard (SE) and Central and South American (CSA) customized equations. Predicted mortality rates were 16.4 ± 19.3% (SAPS 3-SE), 21.7 ± 23.2% (SAPS 3-CSA) and 14.3 ± 14.0% (MPM0-III). Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) obtained for each model were: 1.00 (95% CI, 0.98-0.102) for the SAPS 3-SE, 0.75 (0.74-0.77) for the SAPS 3-CSA and 1.15 (1.13-1.18) for the MPM0-III. Discrimination was better for SAPS 3 models (AUROC = 0.85) than for MPM0-III (AUROC = 0.80) (p < 0.001). We applied the calibration belt to evaluate the agreement between observed and expected mortality rates (calibration): the SAPS 3-CSA overestimated mortality throughout all risk classes while the MPM0-III underestimated it uniformly. The SAPS 3-SE did not show relevant deviations from ideal calibration. CONCLUSIONS: In a large contemporary database, the SAPS 3-SE was accurate in predicting outcomes, supporting its use for performance evaluation and benchmarking in Brazilian ICUs.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Literature has reported inadequate oral hygiene conditions in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients and the occurrence of Ventilator-associated pneumonia in about 9%-27% of all intubated patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate ICU patient's oral conditions and correlate this with the presence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Material and Method: Twenty-three patients were categorized in the following way: with periodontal disease and ventilator-associated pneumonia, with periodontal disease and without ventilator-associated pneumonia, without periodontal disease and with ventilator-associated pneumonia, and with neither periodontal disease nor ventilator-associated pneumonia. The periodontal disease index, plaque index, and decay-missing-filled index were used in the assessment. Result: There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of periodontal disease with respect to ventilator-associated pneumonia, but the number of teeth and surfaces with attachment loss above 4 mm was always greater in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Conclusion: The extent of periodontal disease may contribute to the onset of ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, studies with a larger sample are needed to validate this relationship.
Introdução: A literatura vem relatando condições inadequadas de higiene oral de pacientes em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e a ocorrência de Pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em cerca de 9%-27% de todos os pacientes intubados. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar condições orais de pacientes críticos e correlacionar com a presença de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Material e Método: Vinte e três pacientes foram categorizados da seguinte maneira: com a doença periodontal e com pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, com doença periodontal e sem pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, sem doença periodontal e com pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica e sem doença periodontal e sem pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Foram utilizados na avaliação os índices de placa, de doença periodontal e índice de cariados, perdidos e obturados. Resultado: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na incidência da doença periodontal em relação à pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, mas o número de dentes e superfícies com perda de inserção acima de 4 mm sempre foi maior em pacientes com pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Conclusão: A extensão da doença periodontal pode contribuir para o aparecimento de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. No entanto, são necessários estudos com uma amostra maior para validar essa relação.
